高考英语史地常识类阅读理解

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高考英语史地常识类阅读理解(一)
广东省2013高考英语一轮限时训练： 史地常识型阅读理解(2)

专题限时训练(二十八) [史地常识型阅读理解(二)]

(限时：25分钟)

(一)

People have been acting like people—in other words, they’ve been making tools, creating ceremonies, and sharing food—for a long time.That’s the conclusion of a recent study from South Africa’s southern coast. There, in a cave lying above the sea, researchers from Arizona State University have found evidence that humans were behaving in surprisingly complex ways as early as 164,000 years ago.Our species, Homo sapiens, appeared an estimated 200,000 years ago.

The cave held three important clues about the behavior of these Stone Age people. First, the researchers found the remains of all kinds of shellfish.The people who lived in the cave probably collected these creatures from rocky shores and tide pools and brought them to the cave to eat.

The researchers propose the early Africans moved to the South African coast between 195,000 and 130,000 years ago.Around that time, the climate inland turned relatively cold and dry.Therefore, there were fewer plants and animals to eat away from the coast.

When these ancient people moved to the coast, they probably experienced a major cultural shift, the researchers suspect.That’s because observations of modern hunter­gatherer societies suggest that men are more likely to hunt for big animals when people live inland.On the coast, women play a more important role in providing food by gathering plants and shellfish.

As for the second clue, the researchers unearthed 57 pieces of reddish pigment(颜料)．The researchers think that the cave habitants used the paint for coloring their bodies or for other ceremonies.Symbolic behavior is a clearly human feature. Finally, the search discovered over 1,800 stone tools, including well­crafted blades(刀片)．These blades came in various sizes.The smallest were just less than a half­inch wide.Ancient people may have attached these blades to the end of a stick to make spears or other tools.

( )1.What is the passage mainly about?

A．Ancient cave behavior.

B．New evidence of ancient life.

C．The history of human being.

D．Human behavior’s development.

( )2.The early Africans moved to the South African coast with the main purpose of ________.

A．avoiding badly cold and dry weather

B．seeking the cultural development

C．seeking enough food to live on

D．living a newer and better life

( )3.According to the passage, the cave habitant ________.

A．made a living largely by hunting animals

B．knew how to use colors for decoration

C．only could made tools with rough blades

D．could hunt for fish in the sea with ships

( )4.After the early Africans moved to the coast, what probably happened to their culture?

A．Women’s role was as important as men’s role in families.

B．They were no longer used to living inlands but living on the coast.

C．Men’s role was more important than women’s role in earning food.

D．Women’s role was more important than men’s role in earning food.

( )5.The new discoveries in the cave should support the theory that ________.

A．modern human behavior developed smoothly fast from the ancient time

B．modern human behavior developed slowly from the ancient time

C．South Africa is the birthplace of the earliest human being in the world

D．modern human behavior is largely the same as ancient human behavior

(二)

Winter weather may have come late to parts of the United States this year, but the Midwest and Northeast are finally firmly in winter’s icy grasp.

Travel, Interrupted

The freezing cold has created dangerous driving conditions across the country.Icy roads have led to at least 13 deaths in seven states.Minnesota police reported 290 accidents during rush hour on Tuesday.

Air travel has been disrupted as well.More than 140 flights were canceled at O’Hare International Airport in Chicago, Illinois.Some travelers had to camp out in terminals(终点站)overnight.Ted Bushelman, a spokesman for the Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport, said that a few hundred

passengers spent the night there.“All the hotel rooms in the area were taken, not just because of canceled flights but because highway travel was almost impossible，” he said.

The Big Chill(寒流) Some areas in upstate New York have received more than five feet of snow over a two­day period.Weather forecasters said the region could get more than eight feet of snow before the weekend.

On Tuesday, West Virginia experienced the coldest temperatures recorded in the state in February since 1996, the weather service said.

Sunny Outlook

There is some sign of relief to come.On Wednesday, temperatures in Chicago rose slightly to 0 degrees Fahrenheit, with a wind chill of minus 14 degrees Fahrenheit.That’s an improvement from Monday when the wind chill made it feel as if it were minus 30 degrees Fahrenheit.National Weather Service meteorologist(气象学家)Tim Seeley said that the area should expect temperatures in the low 20s by the week’s end.

For some the heavy snowfall was cause for celebration.Ski resorts that had been suffering from the mild winter welcomed more white on the slopes.“It was the perfect storm，” said Joe Stevens, spokesman for the West Virginia Ski Areas Association.“Over four feet of snow has fallen since the middle of January, which has really turned the situation around for the resorts that were experiencing... above normal temperatures earlier in the season.”

( )1.The main idea discussed in the passage is ________.

A．the traffic accidents in America

B．the cold weather in America

C．the difficult road conditions

D．the heavy snow in America

( )2.Deaths and accidents were caused by ________.

A．roads covered with ice and snow

B．strong cold winds blowing at high speed

C．heavy snow

D．too cold weather

( )3.Why were the hotels full in this area?

A．Because there were so many people having their home destroyed.

B．It was too cold for people to go out.

C．Because air and highway travel was cut off.

D．There were not enough hotels in this area.

( )4.Which of the following about West Virginia is TRUE?

A．It was hit by the heaviest snow in his story.

B．Its roads were cut off by the snowstorm.

C．It would face fine weather very soon.

D．It experienced very low temperature.

( )5.Which of the following welcomed the cold weather and heavy snow?

A．Farmers. B．Ski resorts.

C．Drivers. D．Officials.

(三)

Without proper planning, tourism can cause problems. For example, too many tourists can crowd public places that are also enjoyed by the inhabitants of a country. If tourists create too much traffic, the inhabitants become annoyed and unhappy. They begin to dislike tourists and to treat them impolitely. They forget how much tourism can help the country’s economy. It is important to think about the people of a destination country and how tourism affects them. Tourism should help a country, keep the customs and beauty that attract tourists. Tourism should also advance the wealth and happiness of local inhabitants.

Too much tourism can be a problem. If tourism grows too quickly, people must leave other jobs to work in the tourism industry. This means that other parts of the country’s economy can suffer.

( )2.The underlined word “inhabitants” (in Paragraph 1) probably means________.

A．tourists B．passengers

C．population D．citizens

( )3.Too much tourism can cause all these problems EXCEPT ________.

A．a bad effect on other industries

B．a change of tourists’ customs

C．over­crowdedness of places of interest

D. pressure on traffic

( )4.It can be inferred from the text that ________.

A．the author doesn’t like tourism developing so fast

B．local people will benefit from tourist attraction

C．other parts of a country’s economy won’t benefit from tourism much

D．we can’t build too many support facilities

( )5.The author thinks it is good for local people to know that tourism will ________.

A．waste a lot of money

B．weaken their economy

C．help establish their customs

D．help improve their life

专题限时训练(二十八)

(一)【文章大意】 在南非南部海岸的一个洞穴里所发现的古代非洲人的行为说明：人类自古以来一直就像人那样地生活，即一直是那样制造工具、创立仪式和分享食物，最后经过漫长的历史发展到今天。

1．A 主旨大意题。文章首先提出：人类一直就像人那样地生活，接着指出：在南非南部海岸的一个洞穴里发现的古代非洲人的行为线索就说明这一点，之后第三段提出“The cave held three important clues about the behavior of these Stone Age people.”，下文便介绍“The cave habitant's behavior”，由此判断全文主要内容是：Ancient cave behavior。B项过于抽象，C、D两项与文章内容不符合。

高考英语史地常识类阅读理解(二)
2011高考英语阅读理解分类汇编之历史地理类(附答案)

2011高考英语阅读理解分类汇编之历史地理类

1.（2011·安徽卷）D

Ireland has had a very difficult history. The problems started in the 16th century when

English rulers tried to conquer(征服) Ireland. For hundreds of years, the Irish people fought

against the English. Finally, in 1921, the British government was forced to give independence to

the south of Ireland. The result is that today there are two “Irelands”. Northern Ireland, in the

north, is part of the united kingdom. The Republic of Ireland, in the south, is an independent

country.

In the 1840s the main crop, potatoes, was affected by disease and about 750,000 people

died of hunger. This, and a shortage (短缺) of work , forced many people to leave Ireland and live

in the USA, the UK, Australia and Canada. As a result of these problems, the population fell from

8.2 million in 1841 to 6.6 million in 1851.

For many years, the majority of Irish people earned their living as farmers. Today, many

people still work on the land but more and more people are moving to the cities to work in

factories and offices. Life in the cities is very different from life in the countryside, where things

move at a quieter and slower pace.

The Irish are famous for being warm-hearted and friendly. Oscar Wilde, a famous Irish writer,

once said that the Irish were “the greatest talkers since the Greeks”. Since independence, Ireland

has revived(复兴) its own culture of music, language, literature and singing. Different areas have

different styles of old Irish song which are sung without instruments. Other kinds of Irish music

use many different instruments such as the violin, whistles, etc.

【文章大意】本文从地理状况、人口发展、经济情况以及社会生活等方面介绍了爱尔兰共和

国，让我们对这个美丽的国家有更进一步的了解。

68. What does the author tell us in paragraph 1?

A. How the Irish fought against the English.

B. How Ireland gained independence.

C. How English rulers tried to conquer Ireland.

D. How two “Irelands” came into being.

【解析】选D。主旨大意题。通读第一段可知，本段介绍了爱尔兰共和国(The Republic of

Ireland)及北爱尔兰(Northern Ireland)的由来，故D项正确。

69. We learn from the text that in Ireland A. food shortages in the 1840s led to a decline in population

B. people are moving to the cities for lack of work in the countryside

C. it is harder to make a living as a farmer than as a factory worker

D. different kinds of old Irish songs are all sung with instruments

【解析】选A。细节理解题。通读第二段可知，十九世纪四十年代，由于主要农作物土豆

受病害影响及本国工作机会缺乏，大量爱尔兰人移往其它国家，使爱尔兰人口下降，故

A项正确。B项中人们移往城市并非是由于农村缺少工作机会；文章中并没有对比城市

和乡村生活的难易；D项错误在于all，并非全部的爱尔兰歌谣都使用乐器。

.

A. the Irish character B. Irish culture

C. Irish musical instruments D. a famous Irish writer【高考英语史地常识类阅读理解】

【解析】选B。主旨大意题。文章末段从爱尔兰民族习性、音乐、语言及文学等方面介绍

了爱尔兰民族文化，故B项正确。A、C、D各项虽都提及，但都是细节。

71. What can be the best title for the text?

A. Life in Ireland

B. A Very Difficult History

C. Ireland, Past and Present

D. The Independence of Ireland

【解析】选C。文章标题题。通读全文可知，本文从地理状况、人口发展、经济情况以及

社会生活等方面介绍了爱尔兰共和国的过去及现在，故C项最为全面。

2.（2011·辽宁卷）C

Many people believe Henry Ford invented the automobile (汽车). But Henry Ford did

not start to build his first car until 1896. That was eleven years after two Germans developed the

world's first automobile. Many people believe Henry Ford invented the production line that

moved a car's parts to the worker, instead of making the worker move to the parts. That is not

true, either. Many factory owners used methods of this kind before Ford. What Henry Ford did

was to use other people's ideas and make them better. And he made the whole factory a moving

production line.

In the early days of the automobile, almost every ear maker raced his cars. It was the

best way of gaining public notice. Henry Ford decided to build a racing car. Ford's most famous

race was his first one. It was also the last race in which he drove the car himself.

The race was in 1901, at a field near Detroit. All of the most famous cars had entered,

but only two were left: the Winton and Ford's. The Winton was famous for its speed. Most

people thought the race was over before it began.

The Winton took an early lead. But halfway through the race, it began to lose power.

Ford started to gain. And near the end of the race, he took the lead. Ford won the race and

defeated the Winton. His name appeared in newspapers and he became well-known all over the

United States. Within weeks of the race, Henry Ford formed a new automobile company. In the Henry Ford's dream. Ford said: "I will build a motor car for the great mass of people. It will be

large enough for the family, but small enough for one person to operate and care for. It will be

built of the best materials. It will be built by the best men to be employed. And it will be built

with the simplest plans that modem engineering can produce. It will be so low in price that no

man making good money will be unable to own one."

The Model T was a car of that kind. It only cost $850. It was a simple machine that

drivers could depend on. Doctors bought the Model T. So did farmers. Even criminals，They

considered it the fastest and surest form of transportation. Americans loved the Model T. They

wrote stories and songs about it. Thousands of Model T's were built in the first few years.

63. What do we know about Henry Ford from Paragraph 1?

A. He made good use of ideas from others.

B. He produced the first car in the world.

C. He knew how to improve auto parts.

D. He invented the production line.

64. Why did Henry Ford take part in the 1901 car race?

A. To show off his driving skills.

B. To draw public attention.

C. To learn about new technology.

D. To raise money for his new company.

65. “That sale” in Paragraph 4 refers to.

A. the selling of Ford cars at reduced prices

B. the sale of Model T to the mass of people

C. the selling of a car to a Detroit doctor

D. the sales target for the Ford Company

66. What was Henry Ford's dream according to the text?

A. Producing cars for average customers.

B. Building racing cars of simple design.

C. Designing more car models.

D. Starting more companies.

【答案】ABCA

高考英语史地常识类阅读理解(三)
高考英语二轮复习：阅读——历史类(含答案)

高中英语阅读——历史类

1、Put your car keys away and forget about your travel pass --- it’s time to do a bit of walking.

National Walking Month is organized every May by Living Streets, an organization that campaigns for the rights and the needs of pedestrians, so the organization is previously known as the Pedestrians’ Association. The association’s aim is to make streets safe, attractive and enjoyable spaces for people to live, work, shop and play. By putting people (rather than vehicles) first, Living Streets wants to create streets and spaces where people feel happier, healthier and more sociable.

The annual campaign gives participants a great opportunity to experience the many virtues of walking. These include the physical health benefits of becoming fitter; the environmental advantages of not using vehicles; the delight of local discoveries --- seeing more of your local areas on foot; the enjoyment of walking with other people, whether family, friends or work colleagues and finally the stress relief that comes from walking --- walking can clear your head.

Walk to School Week, 18 to 22 May, is part of the month’s activities and its aim is to encourage parents to send children to school on foot, rather than take them in the car or let them use public transport. The movement was started in 1995 with only five participating schools and now two decades later, more than one million children take part.

Similarly, there is Walk to Work Week, 11 to 15 May, where grown-ups are encouraged to walk. In the morning, getting off the bus a stop early or parking a few streets away is a good way to add more steps to the daily total. And during the working day, after having lunch at the desks or in the canteen, take a walk and get some fresh air. Walk home with your workmates and chat away about everything under the sun but work!

【小题1】What’s the purpose of Living Streets?

A．To let people keep away from vehicles.

B．To build safer walkways for pedestrians.

C．To help people enjoy walking in the street and enjoy life.

D．To make people aware of environmental pollution.

【小题2】Paragraph 3 is intended to show that walking is __________.

A．so interesting

C．perfectly safe B．very relaxing D．highly beneficial

【小题3】What can we learn from Walk to School Week?

A．It is organized by the government.

B．It is held before Walk to Work Week.

C．It has developed rapidly over the last 20 years.

D．It encourages students to walk to school alone.

【小题4】 What’s the main idea of the last paragraph?

A．An introduction to Walk to Work Week.

B．A nationwide health movement.

C．The influence of working day.

D．National Walking Month’s history.

2、C

In 1932 the warning of the British politician, Stanley Baldwin, that “the bomber will always get through” made a deep impression in Britain, the only state to make serious plans to evacuate civilians from large towns before the war started.

The British Government developed plans for evacuating 1 million children to the United States and Canada and other Commonwealth nations. It established the Children's Overseas Reception Board (CORB) in May 1940. After the fall of France, many people thought the war was lost and some saw this as one way of ensuring that Britain could survive even if invaded.

The Germans eventually began bombing British cities in September. Some children were evacuated by ship to British Dominions, including Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and South Africa. The CORB selections were not done on a first-come, first-served basis. CORB classified and prioritized the children. Charges soon appeared in the press that the well-to-do were being given priority. CORB arranged for the transportation. The Government paid the passages. Quite a number of children had already been evacuated. This tended to be children from rich families with money and overseas contacts. The British public eventually demanded the government

高考英语史地常识类阅读理解(四)
2015届高考英语二轮专题限时训练：史地自然型阅读理解(1)

专题限时训练 [史地自然型阅读理解(一)]

(限时：25分钟)

(一)

Bees add an estimated eighteen billion dollars a year to the value of American crops. They pollinate(授粉)flowers that become fruits, nuts and vegetables. But, in recent years, honeybee colonies in the United States and Europe have been shrinking. Scientists have proposed different theories to explain what is known as colony collapse disorder.

New research suggests that a commonly used group of insecticide(杀虫剂) could cause bees to have a hard time finding their way back to their hive. The new research looks at the use of pesticides called neonicotinoids. They were first used in the 1990s. They are now put on the seeds of many major crops around the world. The seedlings absorb the chemicals as they grow. That means farmers do not need to spray a whole field. Instead there is a little bit of insecticide inside each plant—including the pollen(花粉) and the nectar(花蜜) that the bees want. There is not enough pesticide to kill them. But the new research in the journal Science says it may harm them anyway.

Researchers stuck microchips to the backs of the bees. These chips recorded the bees' movements as they came and went from their hive. The scientists fed some bees sugar water with a low dose of a neonicotinoid. The study found that these bees were about twice as likely not to return as other bees.

Dave Goulson at the University of Stirling in Britain worked on another study published in Science. He says the pesticides could help explain why bumblebee populations are also decreasing.

Bayer CropScience makes neonicotinoid pesticides. The company's spokesman Jack Boyne disputed the findings. He also notes that researchers are studying other factors that could affect the bees' population. These include parasites, diseases and stress caused by transporting beehives to farms. Some European countries have banned the pesticides. And there are growing calls to ban them in the United States as well.

1．The underlined word“shrinking”in Paragraph 1 most probably means “ ________”．

1

高考英语史地常识类阅读理解(五)
高考英语二轮专题限时训练(34)史地自然型阅读理解(2)(含答案)

专题限时训练(三十四) [史地自然型阅读理解(二)]

(限时：25分钟)

(一)

The opera house in Santa Fe, New Mexico, is one of the most beautiful ones in the United States. It is small and open, with one roof over the stage where singers perform and another roof over part of the audience. This opera house in the mountain is one of the best in the country, which may seem surprising because performances are only given during the seven weeks in summer, and because Santa Fe is a very small city.

One reason why the Santa Fe Opera is so good is that it attracts many excellent young singers. They all hope to sing in famous opera houses like Metropolitan Opera House in New York City someday, and they work hard to become well known during the summer. The musicians and directors are experts who come from the best orchestras(管弦乐队) and operas in the country during their vacations. They enjoy working there because they like to live in Santa Fe, which is near both the mountains and the desert. It is very beautiful there in summer.

The state government of New Mexico advertises the Santa Fe Opera in the newspapers all over the country, and a great many tourists come to New Mexico because of the opera. Still, most of the audience does come from Santa Fe and other nearby cities, and all the seats in the theatre are sold for every show.

There is only one thing that some people do not like about the Santa Fe Opera, and that is the cold weather. Because the theatre is open, performances cannot start before it gets dark at nine o'clock in the evening, and then the mountain air becomes very cool. Sometimes people complain about the cold air, but because the operas are good, these people come back again wearing warm coats.

1．This passage mainly introduces ________.

A．a mountain city

B．young musicians

C．an opera house

D．the tourism in Santa Fe

2．Yong singers come to perform in Santa Fe Opera because ________.

A．the music quality is high

B．they enjoy the climate there

C．they want to be famous

D．they like the scenery there

3．It seems surprising that Santa Fe becomes famous because ________.

A．it is only a very small place

B．it is between the mountains and the desert

C．all the seats are sold for every show

D．musicians there are from the best orchestras

4．From the passage, we can learn that ________.

A．the opera house is open without any roofs

B．musicians always spend vacations in Santa Fe

C．the government advertises to attract more musicians

D．performances are held in Santa Fe Opera only after it is dark

(二)

All around the world, shoppers flock to Wal-Mart to buy everything.In Texas, they come for another reason: to see the wind turbine(涡轮机), which supplies 5% of the store's electricity.It along with other facilities, such as exterior walls coated with heat-reflective paint, makes this Wal-Mart a green giant.

The laws of economics suggest that Wal-Mart, with 5, 200 stores worldwide, influences everything including the prices of all kinds of goods.It throws its weight behind environmental responsibility, and the impact could be amazing.“One little change in product packaging could

save 1, 500 trees，” says Wal­Mart's former CEO Lee Scott.“If everybody saves 1, 500 trees or 50 barrels of oil, at the end of the day they have made a huge difference.”

Scott wants Wal-Mart to do its part too.He has promised to cut the existing greenhouse gas emissions(排放物) over the next few years and promised to construct new stores that are more efficient.He wants Wal-Mart's fleet(车队) of more than 7, 000 trucks to get twice as many miles per gallon by 2015.Factories that show Wal-Mart they're cutting air pollution will get preferential treatment in the supply chain.Wal-Mart says it's working with consumer-product manufacturers to reduce their packaging and will reward them if they do so.

Some people may doubt it is a bid to attract attention from Wal-Mart's controversial labour and health insurance practices.But it's not just window dressing, because Wal-Mart sees profits in going green.Scott says，“don't think there's great interest in change.”

Like Bill Gates, who started his charitable foundation, Scott happens to be promoting Wal-Mart's image at a time when his company's reputation is declining.He acknowledges that he launched the plan partly to shield(保护) Wal-Mart from bad press about its contribution to global warming.“By doing what we're doing today, we avoid the headline risks that are going to come for people who did not do anything，” he says.“At some point businesses will be held responsible for the action they take.”Meanwhile, should Wal­Mart succeed in shrinking its environmental footprint and lowering prices for green products, both the planet and the company would profit.

5．We can infer from the passage that ________.

A．Lee Scott is Wal-Mart's present CEO

B．there are 5, 200 stores in the world

C．Wal-Mart has a great influence on the world market

D．Wal-Mart has more than 7,000 trucks all over the world

6．What does the underlined sentence “This is a business philosophy, not a social philosophy.” mean in the fourth paragraph?

A．Wal-Mart predicts huge profits in its green activity.

B．Wal-Mart's green activity is just window dressing.

C．Wal-Mart aims to solve its health insurance practices.

D．Wal-Mart doesn't have any social responsibility at all.

7．What will Wal-Mart probably do in the future?

A．Reduce air pollution in its present stores.

B．Give favourable treatment to its consumers.

C．Ask the factories to reduce their packaging.

D．Demand the fleet of trucks to use more fuel than before.

8．What is the main idea of the last paragraph?

A．Provide the background of the green plan.

B．Stress the purpose of Wal-Mart's green plan.

C．Present the risks that Wal-Mart is facing nowadays.

D．Analyse the similarity between Bill Gates and Scott.

(三)

Imagine living in a city made of glass. No, this isn't a fairy tale. If you could grab your diving gear and swim down 650 feet into the Pacific Ocean off the coast of Washington State, you would witness the secret world of glass reefs.

The reef you'd be looking at is made up of glass sponges(海绵). But how can animals be made of glass? Well, glass is formed from a substance called silica. The sponges use the silica found in ocean waters to build glass structures that will give them shape and support. Be careful! Some of the fragile creatures are up to 200 years old.

When sponges die, new ones grow on top of the pile of old ones. Over centuries, a massive and complex reef takes shape. Some sponges look like wrinkled trumpets, while others look like overgrown cauliflowers or mushrooms.

Dr Paul Johnson, who discovered the Washington reef in 2007, also found other surprises such as bubbles of methane(甲烷) gas flowing out of the seafloor nearby. The methane feeds bacteria, and

the bacteria feed the glass sponges.

“It's a new ecosystem we know nothing about，” said Dr Johnson.

The reef of yellow and orange glass sponges is crowded with crabs, shrimps, starfish, worms, snails, and rockfish. The glass reef is also a nursery for the babies of many of these creatures and was called a “kindergarten” by scientists.【高考英语史地常识类阅读理解】

Many animals that live in the reef hang around for a long time, just like the sponges. Rockfish, for example, live for more than 100 years. Scientists are just beginning to study all the species that call the reef home.【高考英语史地常识类阅读理解】

The Washington coast isn't the only place where a living glass reef has been found. The first was discovered in Hecate Strait off the coast of British Columbia in 1991. Scientists all over the 9．Which of the following is the best title of the passage?

A．Man-made cities under the sea

B．The world under the sea

C．Glass “cities” under the sea

D．Creatures under the sea

10．It can be learned that the glass reef ________.

A．is made up of a kind of materials called sponges

B．is a work of art made by some American scientists

C．is a new ecosystem people are not familiar with

D．was first discovered off the coast of Washington State

11．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A．The sponges must feel soft.

B．Silica comes from animals' body fluid.

C．Methane is harmful to glass sponges.

D．Glass sponges depend on the bacteria for a living.

12．Why did scientists call the glass reef a “kindergarten”？

A．Because the babies of many sea creatures grow well there.

B．Because thousands of children visit it every year.

C．Because it is crowded with snails and rockfish, etc.

D．Because all the species call the reef home.

13．What does the underlined word“stunned”in the last paragraph mean?

A．Greatly surprised.

B．Extremely scared.

C．Highly satisfied.

D．Very pleased.

专题限时训练(三十四)【史地自然型阅读理解(二)】

(一)

【文章大意】 Santa Fe 歌剧院虽然小，而且又是敞篷式的，但在美国却很著名，因为许多优秀的年轻歌手都想在这里一展歌喉从而一举成名。

1．C 主旨大意题。根据第一段内容可以明显看出本文主旨。

2．C 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“They all hope to sing in famous opera houses like Metropolitan Opera House in New York City someday, and they work hard to become well known during the summer.”可知，年轻歌手到Santa Fe 歌剧院表演的目的是一举成名。

3．A 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“„and because Santa Fe is a very small city.”可知A项正确。

4．D 推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“„performances cannot start before it gets dark at nine o'clock in the evening„”可以判断出节目演出的时间。

(二)

【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了沃尔玛采取的保护环境的措施以及采取这些措施后所带来的利益。

5．C 推理判断题。从第二段中的“The laws of economics suggest that Wal-Mart，with 5,200 stores worldwide, influences everything including the prices of all kinds of goods.”可以推断，沃尔玛对全球市场有巨大影响，故选C项。

6．A 句意理解题。从第四段，特别是画线句后面的“‘„We don't go„in change.’”可推断，这句话表明沃尔玛从这些环保的活动中将获得经济利益，故选A项。

7．A 细节理解题。从第三段中的“Factories that show Wal-Mart they're cutting air pollution will get preferential treatment in the supply chain.”可知，未来沃尔玛会关注减少空气污染的问题。

8．B 段落大意题。根据最后一段第二句“He acknowledges that he launched the plan partly to shield(保护) Wal-Mart from bad press about its contribution to global warming.”可知，最后一段主要分析了沃尔玛实行这项绿色计划的目的，故选B项。

(三)

【文章大意】 本文介绍了海底的玻璃礁。这里的玻璃礁就像一个“城市”一样，海底生物可以在里面自由地生活，而且这种玻璃礁还是大家不熟悉的生态系统。

9．C 主旨大意题。根据第一段的“If you could grab your diving gear and swim down 650 feet into the Pacific Ocean off the coast of Washington State, you would witness the secret world of glass reefs.”可知这篇文章介绍的是海底的玻璃礁。这里的玻璃礁就像一个“城市”一样，故选C项。

10．C 细节理解题。根据第五段“‘It's a new ecosystem we know nothing about，’ said Dr Johnson.”可知这种玻璃礁是一种新的大家不熟悉的生态系统，故选C项。

11．D 细节理解题。根据第四段的“The methane feeds bacteria, and the bacteria feed the glass sponges.”可知甲烷养活细菌，细菌养活玻璃礁，所以玻璃礁是依靠细菌生活的，故选D项。

12．A 推理判断题。根据第六段的“The glass reef is also a nursery for the babies of many of these creatures and was called a ‘kindergarten’ by scientists.”可知很多生物的“孩子”在玻璃礁里面生活得很好，它就像一个“幼儿园”，故选A项。

13．A 词义猜测题。根据最后一段的“The first was discovered in Hecate Strait off the coast of British Columbia in 1991.”可知这种玻璃礁很少见，科学家看见的时候很惊讶，故选A项。

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