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哈克贝利费恩历险记英文简介

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哈克贝利费恩历险记英文简介篇一
《哈克贝利费恩历险记,英文介绍》

哈克贝利费恩历险记英文简介篇二
《哈克贝利·费恩历险记.英文版》

简 介

“我从来没有一个家,”哈克写道,“或像所有的其他的男孩子那样去上学。我睡在街上或林子里,只要我想做,我就能做我想做的事情。这真是一种美好的生活。”

所以,当哈克去和道格拉斯寡妇住在一起时,他根本不喜欢这样。他不得不保持干净、整洁,始终都要听话,还得去上学。然后,他爸爸来了,把他带走住在了林子里。起初,哈克挺高兴,但是,他爸爸总是打他,所以,哈克决定逃走。

他遇到了吉姆,一个逃跑的奴隶,他们决定结伴乘木筏沿密西西比河顺流而下。当然他们遇到各种各样的麻烦和危险,但是,哈克感到很愉快。河上的生活是如此的自由、轻松、舒适……

马克·吐温于1835年出生于佛罗里达州,1910年去世。他的真名是塞缪尔·克莱门斯,美国内战开始前,他是密西西比河船上的一名领航员。他也是一个报纸撰稿人和作家,他的小说《汤姆·索亚历险记》和《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》非常著名。

1 Huck in trouble

You don't know about me if you haven't read a book called The

Adventures of Tom Sawyer.Mr Mark Twain wrote the book and most of it is true.In that book robbers stole some money and hid it in a very

secret place in the woods.But Tom Sawyer and I found it,and after that we were rich.We got six thousand dollars each-all gold.

In those days I never had a home or went to school like Tom and all the other boys in St Petersburg.Pop was always drunk,and he moved around a lot,so he wasn't a very good father.But it didn't matter to me.I slept in the streets or in the woods,and I could do what I wanted,when I wanted.It was a fine life.

When we got all that money,Tom and I were famous for a

while.Judge Thatcher,who was an important man in our town,kept my money in the bank for me. And the Widow Douglas took me to live in her house and said I could be her son. She was very nice and kind,but it was a hard life because I had to wear new clothes and be good all the time.

In the end,I put on my old clothes and ran away.But Tom came after me and said that I had to go back,but that I could be in his gang of robbers.So,I went back,and the widow cried and I had to put on those

new clothes again.I didn't like it at all.Her sister,Miss Watson,lived there too.She was al-ways saying,'Don't put your feet there,Huckleberry,'and 'Don't do that,Huckleberry.'It was terrible. When I went up to bed that night,I sat down in a chair by the

window. I sat there a good long time, and I was really unhappy.But just after midnight I heard 'mee-yow!mee-yow!'ortside.Very softly,I answered,'mee-yow!mee-yor!' Quietly,I put out the light and got out through the window.In the trees, Tom Sawyer was waiting for me. We went through the trees to the end of the widow's garden.Soon we were on top of a hill on the other side of the house.Below us we could see the river and the town.One or two lights were still on,but everything was quiet. We went down the hill and found Joe Harper, Ben Rogers and two or three more of the boys.Then Tom took us down the river by boat to his secret place,which was a cave deep in the side of a hill.When we got there, Tom told us all his plan.

'Now,we'll have this gang of robbers,'he said,'and we'll call it Tom Sawyer's Gang.If somebody hurts one of us,the others will kill him and his family. And if a boy from the gang tells other people our secrets,we'll kill him and his family,too.'

We all thought this was wonderful,and we wrote our names in blood from our fingers.Then Ben Rogers said,'Now, what's the gang going

to do?'

'Nothing,'replied Tom.'Just rob and kill. We stop people on the road,and we kill them,and take their money and things.But we can keep a few of the people,and then their friends can pay money to get them back.That's what they do in the stories in books.'

But Ben wasn't happy.'What about women?'he asked. ' Do we kill them,too?'

'Oh,no,'Tom answered.'We're very nice to them, and they all love us, and they don't want to go home.'

'Then the cave will be full of women, and people waiting,and we'll have to watch them all night…'

'We'll all go home now,'Tom said,'and we'll meet next week, and we'll kill somebody and rob somebody.'

Ben wanted to begin on Sunday,but the others said no.It was bad to kill and rob on a Sunday.

My clothes were very dirty and I was very tired when I got back.Of course,the next morning Miss Watson was angry with me because of my dirty clothes,but the widow just looked unhappy.Soon after that we stopped playing robbers because we never robbed people and we never killed them.

* * *

Time went on and winter came.I went to school most of the time and I was learning to read and write a little.It wasn't too bad,and the widow was pleased with me.Miss Watson had a slave,an old man called Jim,and he and I were good friends.I often sat talking to Jim,but I still didn't like living in a house and sleeping in a bed.

Then,one morning,there was some new snow on the ground and outside the back garden I could see footprints in the snow. I went out to look at them more carefully.They were Pop's footprints!

A minute later,I was running down the hill to Judge Thatcher's house. When he opened the door,I cried,'Sir,I want you to take all my money.I want to give it to you.'

He looked surprised.'Why,what's the matter?'

'Please,sir,take it! Don't ask me why!'

In the end he said,'Well,you can sell it to me,then.'And he gave me a dollar and I wrote my name on a piece of paper for him.

That night when I went up to my room,Pop was sitting there, waiting for me!I saw that the window was open,so that was how he got in.

He was almost fifty and he looked old.His hair was long and dirty and his face was a terrible white colour.His clothes were old and dirty,too,and two of his toes were coming through his shoe.He looked at me

哈克贝利费恩历险记英文简介篇三
《哈克贝利费恩历险记》

 1:Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884) by Mark Twain is commonly accounted as one

of the first Great American Novels. It was also one of the first major American novels ever written using Local Color Realism or the vernacular [və'nækjulə adj. 本国的;地方的;用本地语写成的n. 本地话,方言;动植物的俗名], or common speech, being told in the first person by the eponymous

[i'pɔniməs] adj. 使得名的,齐名的Huckleberry "Huck" Finn, best friend of Tom Sawyer (hero of three other Mark Twain books). The book was first published in 1884.

 The book is noted for its innocent young protagonist [prəu'tæɡənist] n. 主角,主演;主要

人物,领导者, its colorful description of people and places along the Mississippi River, and its sober

['səub ə] adj. 冷静的,清醒的;未醉的vt. 使醒酒,使清醒;使严肃 and often scathing ['skeiðiŋ] adj. 严厉的;损伤的v. 损伤;伤害(scathe的ing形式)look at entrenched adj. 根深蒂固的;确立的,不容易改的attitudes, particularly racism, of the time. The drifting journey of Huckleberry Finn and his friend Nigger Jim, a runaway slave, down the Mississippi River on their raft may be one of the most enduring images of escape and freedom in all of American literature.

 The book has been popular with young readers since its publication, and taken as a sequel

n. 续集;结局;继续;后果 to the comparatively innocuous adj. 无害的;无伤大雅的The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (which had no particular social message), it has also been the continued object of study by serious literary critics. Although the Southern society it satirized was already a

quarter-century in the past by the time of publication, the book immediately became controversial, and has remained so to this day .\

2:

最佳答案

 Mark Twain's classic novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, tells the story of

a teenaged misfit who finds himself floating on a raft down the Mississippi River with an escaping slave, Jim. In the course of their perilous journey, Huck and Jim meet adventure, danger, and a cast of characters who are sometimes menacing ['menəsiŋ] adj. 险恶的;威胁的v. 恐吓;威胁(menace的ing形式)and often hilarious. [hi'lεəriəs] adj. 欢闹的;非常滑稽的;喜不自禁的Though some of the situations in Huckleberry Finn are funny in themselves (the

cockeyed ['kɔkaid adj. 斗鸡眼的;歪的;荒唐的] Shakespeare production in Chapter 21 leaps instantly to mind), this book's humor is found mostly in Huck's unique worldview and his way of expressing himself. Describing his brief sojourn ['sɔdʒə:n逗留;旅居with the Widow Douglas after she adopts him, Huck says: "After supper she got out her book and learned me about Moses and the Bulrushers, and I was in a sweat to find out all about him; but by and by she let it out that Moses had been dead a considerable long time; so then I didn't care no more about him, because I don't take no stock in dead people." Underlying Twain's good humor is a dark subcurrent['sʌbkʌrənt] n. (想法、意图、行为等的)潜在倾向 of Antebellum cruelty and injustice that makes The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn a frequently funny book with a serious message. 3: 马克·吐温给我们描绘了细腻的、风情万种的密西西比河,两岸善良的人们给了哈克很多的帮助,尽管哈克沿着密西西比河说了一千英里的谎话。

菠丽阿姨和萨丽阿姨、道格拉斯太太对这两个捣蛋王既头痛、又爱之至深。他们没有因为哈克的出身而歧视哈克,反而一再希望哈克能成长为文明人。遗憾的是,马克·吐温至写完这本书的最后一刻,也不愿意哈克成为绅士。但是,马克·吐温已经令哈克具备了绅士的修养,只是不愿意让他在宴会上寒喧。

吉姆终于没有能到达梦想中的凯罗州,哈克终于与学校背道而驰。但是他们都获得了人性的自由。尊崇自由的精神,必将随着马克·吐温笔下不朽的密西西比河,流传下去,成为全世界人类的精神财富。

A Journey to Freedom and Equality

—On the Theme of The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn

Mark Twain(1835~1910), the pen name of Samuel Langhorne Clemens, is one of the best-known and the most popular American writers. When Twain was four the family moved to Hannibal, Missouri, a small town of about five hundred people situated on the Mississippi River which played such an important part in his creating The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.

The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, published in 1884, is generally known as Mark Twain’s greatest book. And it is described as the book from which all modern American literature comes. The novel is endowed with the hot top

ic in American society—the problem of slavery. It describes the friendship between a white boy of 14 and an adult Negro slave. This friendship seems to be so unusual, but it is very valuable in that society. Mark Twain praises the faithful and equal friendship between white and black. Meanwhile, he advocates the freedom of individual. Mark Twain makes some condemnations against the civilized southern American society characterized by cheat, violence, corruption, and reed. It is simple these vices in the civilized society that make Huck and Jim's escape from it to seek freedom and equality on the River.

Everyone has authority to pursue freedom and equality. In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn there are two characters that also pursue freedom and equality. Huck wants to live alone, and be able to survive by himself. He struggles to reach freedom by running away. However, to be a Negro slave, Jim seeks freedom from slavery. He wants to pursue the equality of human being.

This thesis puts emphasis on analyzing Huck and Jim, aiming at revealing the theme of the novel: freedom and equality. It is composed of three parts. The first part analyzes Huck and Jim’s pursuit of freedom. The second part describes their pursuit of equality. And the third part introduces their return on Land. So at that time in America, it’s hard for people to gain freedom and equality. They are only people’s good wishes. Therefore it’s necessary for people to fight for the free life and equal rights. That’s the real theme the novel advocates.

I. Huck and Jim’s Pursuit of Freedom

A. Huck and Jim’s Escapes for Freedom

Huckleberry Finn dreads the rules and conformities of society. He struggles to reach freedom by running away. From the beginning of the novel, Mark Twain makes it clear that Huck is a boy who comes from the lowest levels of white society. He is an outcast without educatio

n. He lives with Widow Douglas, who wants to civilize him, but he likes to be free and he finds the old lady very hard to endure. He says:

The Widow Douglas, she took me for her son, and allowed

she would civilize me; but it was rough living in the ho

use all the time, considering how dismal regular and dec

ent the widow was in all her ways; and so when I couldn’

t stand it no longer, I lit out. I got into my old rags

and my sugar hogshead again, and was free and satisfied.

But Tom Sawyer, he hunted me up and said he was going t

o start a band of robbers, and I might join if I would g

o back to the widow and be respectable. So I went back.

(Mark Twain, 1994: 1)

Huck is not “a sensible boy” who can not stay in the house all the time. In Douglas’ house, Huck can not get any joys and freedom. Only in his sugar hogshead, he feels free and satisfied. He doesn’t want to be a well-mannered boy. He has not been implanted with social values in the same way a middle-class boy like Tom. Huck is disgusted with “civilization”.

The destruction and tyranny of Huck’s father are other reasons for his escaping and desiring to be free. In contrast to Miss Watson’s hypocrisy, his father presents the brutality and severity of civilization that threaten to destroy Huck. Huck’s freedom is modified by the presence of his father’s actions. Living in the woods, his father beasts him quite frequently and sometimes leaves him locked up in the cabin for a long time. Once when his father returns from town, he is so drunk that he almost kills him. Huck is mature enough to recognize the danger and only when he comes convinced that his father represe

nts and immediate threat to his life does he decide to escape. Throughout his plans to escape, Huck is more concerned for his life than anything else and prefers simply to disappear and begin a new life.

The other leading role is Jim, and he is an excellent figure in American literature. He embraces freedom with brimming emotion and excellent moral character. Mark Twain himself is strongly anti-slavery, and he uses Jim to be one of the main characters who pursue freedom. He is a man of remarkable intelligence and compassion. The hostess wants to sell him to others, so he flees from his owner’s house, and explores the Mississippi with Huck. In chapter sixteen, we can see Jim’s pursuit for freedom:

Jim talked out loud all the time while I was talking to m

yself. He was saying how the first thing he would do when

he got to a free State he would go to saving up money an

d never spend a single cent, and when he got enough he wo

uld buy his wife, which was owned on a farm close to wher

e Miss Watson lived, and then they would both work to buy

the two children, and if their master wouldn’t sell them,

they’d get an Ab’litionist to go and steal them. (Mark

Twain, 1994: 98)

Jim shows his thirst for freedom. In his heart, the reason he escapes is not only the eager to be a fee man but also he wants to save up money for his family’s freedom. At last, when he knows that he is going to be set free, he is so stirred and excited.

B. Huck’s Contribution to Jim’s Freedom

哈克贝利费恩历险记英文简介篇四
《牛津.书虫中英系列2级上册-4《哈克贝利费恩历险记》》

The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn(哈克贝利·费恩历险记)

简 介

“我从来没有一个家,”哈克写道,“或像所有的其他的男孩子那样去上学。我睡在街上或林子里,只要我想做,我就能做我想做的事情。这真是一种美好的生活。”

所以,当哈克去和道格拉斯寡妇住在一起时,他根本不喜欢这样。他不得不保持干净、整洁,始终都要听话,还得去上学。然后,他爸爸来了,把他带走住在了林子里。起初,哈克挺高兴,但是,他爸爸总是打他,所以,哈克决定逃走。 他遇到了吉姆,一个逃跑的奴隶,他们决定结伴乘木筏沿密西西比河顺流而下。当然他们遇到各种各样的麻烦和危险,但是,哈克感到很愉快。河上的生活是如此的自由、轻松、舒适……

马克·吐温于1835年出生于佛罗里达州,1910年去世。他的真名是塞缪尔·克莱门斯,美国内战开始前,他是密西西比河船上的一名领航员。他也是一个报纸撰稿人和作家,他的小说《汤姆·索亚历险记》和《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》非常著名。

1 Huck in trouble

1 Huck in trouble

You don't know about me if you haven't read a book calledThe Adventures of Tom Sawyer.Mr MarkTwain wrote the book and most of it is true.Inthat book robbers stole some money and hid it in a very secret place in thewoods.But Tom Sawyer and I found it,andafter that we were rich.We got sixthousand dollars each-all gold.

In those days I never had a home or went to school like Tomand all the other boys in St Petersburg.Popwas always drunk,and he moved around alot,so he wasn't a very good father.Butit didn't matter to me.I slept in thestreets or in the woods,and I could dowhat I wanted,when I wanted.Itwas a fine life.

When we got all that money,Tomand I were famous for a while.JudgeThatcher,who was an important man in ourtown,kept my money in the bank for me.And the Widow Douglas took me to live in herhouse and said I could be her son. Shewas very nice and kind,but it was a hardlife because I had to wear new clothes and be good all the time.

In the end,I put onmy old clothes and ran away.But Tom cameafter me and said that I had to go back,butthat I could be in his gang of robbers.So,Iwent back,and the widow cried and I hadto put on those new clothes again.Ididn't like it at all.Her sister,MissWatson,lived there too.Shewas al-ways saying,'Don't put your feetthere,Huckleberry,'and'Don't do that,Huckleberry.'Itwas terrible.

When I went up to bed that night,Isat down in a chair by the window. I satthere a good long time, and I was reallyunhappy.But just after midnight I heard'mee-yow!mee-yow!'ortside.Verysoftly,I answered,'mee-yow!mee-yor!'Quietly,I put out the light and got outthrough the window.In the trees,Tom Sawyer was waiting for me.

We went through the trees to the end of the widow's garden.Soonwe were on top of a hill on the other side of the house.Belowus we could see the river and the

town.Oneor two lights were still on,buteverything was quiet. We went down thehill and found Joe Harper, Ben Rogersand two or three more of the boys.ThenTom took us down the river by boat to his secret place,whichwas a cave deep in the side of a hill.Whenwe got there, Tom told us all his plan.

'Now,we'll have thisgang of robbers,'he said,'andwe'll call it Tom Sawyer's Gang.Ifsomebody hurts one of us,the others willkill him and his family. And if a boyfrom the gang tells other people our secrets,we'llkill him and his family,too.' We all thought this was wonderful,andwe wrote our names in blood from our fingers.ThenBen Rogers said,'Now, what'sthe gang going to do?'

'Nothing,'replied Tom.'Justrob and kill. We stop people on the road,andwe kill them,and take their money andthings.But we can keep a few of thepeople,and then their friends can paymoney to get them back.That's what theydo in the stories in books.'

But Ben wasn't happy.'Whatabout women?'he asked. 'Do we kill them,too?' 'Oh,no,'Tomanswered.'We're very nice to them,and they all love us, andthey don't want to go home.'

'Then the cave will be full of women, andpeople waiting,and we'll have to watchthem all night…'

'We'll all go home now,'Tomsaid,'and we'll meet next week,and we'll kill somebody and rob somebody.'

Ben wanted to begin on Sunday,butthe others said no.It was bad to killand rob on a Sunday.

My clothes were very dirty and I was very tired when I gotback.Of course,thenext morning Miss Watson was angry with me because of my dirty clothes,butthe widow just looked unhappy.Soon afterthat we stopped playing robbers because we never robbed people and we neverkilled them.

* * *

Time went on and winter came.Iwent to school most of the time and I was learning to read and write a little.Itwasn't too bad,and the widow was pleasedwith me.Miss Watson had a slave,anold man called Jim,and he and I weregood friends.I often sat talking to Jim,butI still didn't like living in a house and sleeping in a bed. Then,one morning,therewas some new snow on the ground and outside the back garden I could seefootprints in the snow. I went out tolook at them more carefully.They werePop's footprints!

A minute later,I wasrunning down the hill to Judge Thatcher's house. Whenhe opened the door,I cried,'Sir,Iwant you to take all my money.I want togive it to you.'

He looked surprised.'Why,what'sthe matter?'

'Please,sir,takeit! Don't ask me why!'

In the end he said,'Well,youcan sell it to me,then.'Andhe gave me a dollar and I wrote my name on a piece of paper for him.

That night when I went up to my room,Popwas sitting there, waiting for me!Isaw that the window was open,so that washow he got in.

He was almost fifty and he looked old.Hishair was long and dirty and his face

was a terrible white colour.Hisclothes were old and dirty,too,andtwo of his toes were coming through his shoe.Helooked at me all over for a long time,andthen he said,' Well,justlook at those Clean,tidy clothes!Andthey say you can read and write now. Whosaid you could go to school?'

'The widow…'I began.

'Oh, she did,did she? Well,you can forget about school.Ican't read and your mother couldn't read;noone in our family could read before they died,sowho do you think you are? Go on,takethat book and read to me!'

I began to read, buthe hit the book and it flew out of my hand,acrossthe room.Then he shouted,'Theysay you're rich—how's that?'

'It isn't true!'

'You give me that money!Iwant it.Get it for me tomorrow!'

I haven't got any money.AskJudge Thatcher.He'll tell you.Ihaven't got any money.'

'Well, give me whatyou've got in your pocket now.Come on,give it to me!'

'I've only got a dollar, andI want that to…'

'Give it to me,do youhear?'

He took it,and thenhe said he was going out to get a drink.Whenhe was outside the window, he put hishead back in and shouted,'And stop goingto that school, or you know what you'llget!'

The next day he was drunk,andhe went to Judge Thatcher to get my money.Thejudge wouldn't give it to him.But Popdidn't stop trying and every few days I got two or three dollars from thejudge to stop Pop from hitting me.Butwhen Pop had money, he got drunk againand made trouble in town.He was alwayscoming to the widow's house,and she gotangry and told him to stay away.Then Popgot really angry and one day he caught me and took me a long way up the riverin a boat.I had to stay with him in ahut in the woods and I couldn't go out by myself.Hewatched me all the time. The widow senta man to find me and bring me home,butPop went after him with a gun, and theman ran away. 1 哈克遇到麻烦

如果你没有看过《汤姆·索亚历险记》那本书,你就不知道我。这本书是马克·吐温写的,大部分是真实的。在那本书中,强盗们偷了钱,并把钱藏在了树林中一个很秘密的地方。但我和汤姆·索亚找到了这笔钱,在这之后,我们发财了。我们每个人得到了6000美元——全是金币。

在那些日子里,我从来没有一个家,或是像汤姆和圣彼得斯堡所有其他的男孩那样去上学。爸爸总是喝得醉醺醺的,经常转来转去,所以,他不是一个很好的父亲。但是,这对我来说无所谓。我睡在街上或林子里,只要我想做,我就能做我想做的事情。这真是一种美好的生活。

当我和汤姆得到所有那些钱时,我们出了一阵子名。撒切尔法官是我们镇子上的一个重要人物,他替我将钱存在了银行。道格拉斯寡妇领我到她家去住,并说我可以做她的儿子。她非常和蔼,但这是一种令人难以忍受的生活,因为我不得不穿新衣服,而且始终都要听话。

最后,我穿上我的旧衣服跑掉了。可汤姆追上了我说,我得回去,但我仍可

以加入他的强盗团伙。所以,我回去了,寡妇叫着,我不得不又穿上那些新衣服。我根本不喜欢这一切。她的姐姐沃森小姐也住在那儿。她总是说,“别把你的脚放在那儿,哈克贝利,”还有“别干那个,哈克贝利。”真是糟透了。

那天晚上,上床睡觉的时候,我坐在窗边的椅子上。我坐了很久,真是很难受。但是,午夜刚过,我听到外面“喵!喵!”的声音。我很轻地回答着“喵!瞄!”。我轻轻地吹灭蜡烛,从窗户钻了出去。汤姆·索亚正在树丛中等我。

我们穿过树丛来到寡妇的花园的尽头。不一会儿,我们就到了房子另一头的一个小山顶上。我们能看到山下的小河和镇子。一两处烛光仍亮着,但是,万物都是静悄悄的。我们下了山,找到了乔·哈珀,本·罗杰斯,还有两三个其他的男孩。然后,汤姆用船把我们带到了那个秘密的地方,这个秘密的地方是山坡深处的一个岩洞。当我们到那时,汤姆把他的全部计划告诉了我们。

“现在,我们就来组织这个强盗团伙,”他说,“我们就叫它汤姆·索亚团伙吧。如果有人伤害我们中的某个人,其他的人就要杀了他和他的全家。如果这个团伙的哪个男孩把我们的秘密告诉了其他人,我们也要把他和他的全家都给杀喽。” 我们都觉得棒极了,我们用手指上的血写上了我们的名字。然后,本·罗杰斯说,“这团伙到底要干些什么呢?”

“什么都不干,”汤姆回答道,“只是抢劫和杀人,我们在路上拦截人,杀了他们,拿走他们的钱和东西。但是,我们可以留下几个人,这佯,他们的朋友可以交钱把他们赎回去。这就是人们在书中故事里所做的。”

但是,本不高兴了。“女人怎么办?”他问道,“我们也杀她们吗?”

“噢,不,”汤姆回答。“我们待她们很友好,她们都爱我们,她们不想回家。” “那么,岩洞里全都是女人,人们等待着,我们将不得不整夜监视她们……” “我们现在都回家吧,”汤姆说,“我们下周碰头,杀个什么人,抢劫个什么人。”

本想星期天开始,但是,其他的人不同意。星期天杀人抢劫是不好的。 我回来时,衣眼很脏,我也很疲倦。第二天早晨,当然是因为我的脏衣服,沃森小姐很生我的气,可寡妇只是看上去不高兴。之后不久,我们就不玩强盗的游戏了,因为,我们从来没抢劫过人,从来没杀过人。

* * *

时间流逝,冬天来到了。大部分时间我去学校上学,我学认字,也学着写一点。不太糟,寡妇对我挺满意。沃森小姐有一个奴隶,是个叫吉姆的老头,我和他是好朋友。我经常坐着和他聊天,但我仍然不喜欢住在房子里,睡在床上。 后来,一天早晨,地上覆盖了一层新雪,我能够看见后花园外边雪中的脚印。我出去更加仔细地察看,是爸爸的脚印!

片刻之后,我跑下山来到了撒切尔法官家。他打开门时,我叫喊着,“先生,我要你把我的钱都拿去。我想把钱送给你。”

他看上去很惊讶。“嗨,怎么回事?”

“先生,请收下!不要问我为什么!”

最后,他说,“好吧,你可以卖给我。”他给了我一个美元,我在一张纸上为他写上了我的名字。

那天晚上,当我走进我的房屋时,爸爸坐在那儿,正在等我!我看见窗户是开着的,所以,他是从窗户进来的。

他差不多50岁了,显得很老。他的头发又长又脏,脸色白得可怕。他的衣眼也又旧又脏,两个脚指头从鞋里露了出来。他久久地上下打量着我,然后说道,

“噢,就看看这些干净、整齐的衣服吧!他们说你现在能认字、写字了。谁说你可以上学了?”

“寡妇……”我开始说。

“噢,她说的,是吗?好吧,你可以不提学校。我不认字,你妈妈不认字;咱们家人一直到死,都没有人认字,所以,你觉得你挺不错吧,拿起那本书,给我念念!”

我开始念,但是,他将书打飞出我的手,穿过房间。然后,他喊道,“他们说你发财了——那是怎么回事?”

“那不是真的!”

“你把钱给我!我要钱。明天给我把钱拿来!”

“我没有钱。问问撒切尔法官,他会告诉你。我没有钱。”

“好吧,把你口袋里的钱给我。快点,把钱给我!”

“我只有一美元,我想用它去买……”

“把钱给我,你听见没有?”

他拿了钱,然后,他说,他要去喝一杯。到了窗外时,他把头伸了回来,叫喊道,“别再去那个学校了,否则你清楚你会得到什么!”

第二天,他喝醉了,他去了撒切尔法官家去要我的钱,法官没给他。但是,爸爸不停地去要钱。每隔几天,我就从法官那儿拿两三美元给爸爸,免得他打我。但是,爸爸有钱时,就喝醉酒,在镇上惹麻烦。他总是到寡妇的家来,寡妇很气愤,让他走开。爸爸真生气了。一天,他抓住了我,用一只船带我往河上游走了很长一段路。我不得不和他呆在树林中的一个小木屋里,我不能独自外出。他一直监视着我。寡妇派了个人找我,要把我带回家,可是,爸爸拿了支枪跟在后面,那个人吓跑了。

2 Huck escapes and finds a friend

2 Huck escapes and finds a friend

Mostly it was a lazy,comfortablekind of life,but after about two monthsPop began to hit me too much with his stick.Heoften went away into town too,and thenhe always locked me in the hut.Once hewas away for three days and I thought I was never going to get out again.

When he came back that time,hewas drunk and angry.He wanted my money,butJudge Thatcher wouldn't give it to him.Thejudge wanted to send me to live with the widow again,Poptold me.I wasn't very pleased about that.Ididn't want to go back there.

So I decided to escape and go down the river and live inthe woods somewhere. When Pop was out,Ibegan to cut a hole in the wooden wall of the hut. Ina few days,when the hole was bigger,Icould take the wood cut, escape throughthe hole,and put the wood back.

One morning Pop sent me down to the river to catch somefish for breakfast.To my surprise,there was a canoe in the water and there was noone in it.Immediately,Ijumped into the river and brought the canoe to the side. Itwas lucky that Pop didn't see me,and Idecided to hide the canoe under some trees and use it when I escaped. That afternoon,Poplocked me in and went off to town.'Hewon't be back tonight,'I thought,so I began to work hard at my hole.SoonI could get out through it,and I carriedfood and drink and Pop's gun down to the canoe.ThenI put back the

哈克贝利费恩历险记英文简介篇五
《_哈克贝利_费恩历险记_语言及内容的批判分析》

Overseas English 海外英语 Overseas English 海 外 英 语ISSN 1009-5039zwwx@overseaen.com 2011 年 2 月 Tel:+86-551-5690811 5690812《哈克贝利 费恩历险记》语言及内容的批判分析 ·叶 杨(天津天狮学院,天津 301700 )摘要:在美国文学史上,马克·吐温的代表作《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》是一部具有时代意义和代表性的经典著作,许多评论家曾从不 同角度分析过该作品,该文将从作品的语言及内容中的主人公角度进行尝试性分析和解读。 关键词:马克·吐温;哈克贝利·费恩;吉姆;语言;内容;主人公 中图分类号:I106 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1009-5039(2011)02-0190-02 多 美 国 南 方 方 言 ,还 使 用 了 黑 人 口 语 ,普 通 的 村 话 … 就 此 ,马 克·吐温自己就说到:“这本小说运用了一系列的 方 言 ,这 些 创 作 并 不 是 偶 然 的 ,也 不 是 臆 测 出 来 的 ,而 是 极 其 辛 苦 地 ,在 可 信的指导和对这种言语方式亲身熟悉的基础上得来的。 ”在美 国独立后的六七十年间, 出现的文学作品 都 不 能 摆 脱 英 国 英 语 的 影 响 ,也 鲜 有 人 用 方 言 写 作 。 而 在 《哈 克 贝 利·费 恩 历 险 记 》中 ,那 种 浅 白 朴 素 、通 俗 畅 晓 的 口 语 体 语 言 生 动 地 描 写 了 美国土地上的活生生的人和生活, 彻底颠 覆 了 欧 洲 人 曾 经 推 崇 的 所 谓 “高 雅 ”语 言 的 传 统 ,使 得 美 国 英 语 以 其 鲜 明 的 特 点 登上了文学舞台,在文学作品中的地位得到了 确 立 。 此 外 ,还 值得让人感兴趣的一点是,在小说中,一些词 语 或 短 语 的 出 现 频 率 特 别 的 高 ,排 了 一 下 列 位 于 前 三 名 的 词 和 短 语 ,分 别 是 : reckon, pretty soon, pretty well 。 很有趣,这些词的反复出现,却 并没有让小说语言显得贫乏和被限制。 反而,更有一种小说在 语言形式上的规范统一和亲切易懂。 最 后 ,在 《哈 克 贝 利·费 恩 历 险 记 》的 语 言 特 点 中 ,要 重 点 分析一下语言的幽默魅力。 这一点,也是很多文学评论者们热 衷研究和评论的。 我想就马克·吐温的幽默方式在这里打一个 比方。 我们都应该看过著名喜剧大师卓别林的电影系列,比如 说 “摩 登 时 代 ”等 等 。 虽 然 当 时 的 电 影 表 演 是 无 声 的 方 式 ,但 是,我们还是可以通过卓别林大师表演的无辜 的 表 情 ,夸 张 的 动作以及与其他人物和环境的矛盾冲突感受到一种带有讽 刺、辛酸、无奈的深刻幽默。 喜剧大师卓别林和马克·吐温都是 美国文艺界声名卓著的代表, 他们生活在 同 一 个 国 家 不 同 的 时代背景下, 他们用讽刺幽默的方式在文 学 和 表 演 艺 术 的 不 同领域尖锐和深刻地揭露了社会中存在的腐朽 、虚 伪 、道 貌 岸 然以及人性的丑陋和冷漠。同时,对被边缘化的人们的悲戚 生 活状态也在其中不留情面地进行了揭示。 马克·吐温说:“不能 一味逗乐,要有更高的理想。 ”在《哈克贝利·费恩历 险 记 》中 , 我们能够感受到隐藏在笑声背后的辛辣讽 刺 , 使 你 尚 未 笑 罢 便皱眉沉思。 小说塑造的每个人物都有讽 刺 幽 默 的 言 语 和 行 为 表 现 ,比 如 ,小 哈 克 贝 利 把 “Bridgewater ”公 爵 念 成 了 “Bilgewater ”公 爵 ,暗 含 意 味 着 这 个 又 脏 又 臭 的 讨 厌 家 伙 ;大 家 被 煽 动去看公爵和国王的表演,显然是被愚弄和欺 骗 了 ,但 是 为 了 不让自己看起来愚蠢和被别人笑话,他们“也 要 让 其 他 人 和 我 们一样 ”,这样,就没有人被笑话了;汤姆让小哈克贝利写匿名 信 ,告 诉 他 们 要 解 救 吉 姆 的 计 划 ,因 为 “如 果 我 们 不 告 诉 他 们 的话,即使我们把吉姆从他们眼皮底下带走,他 们 也 不 会 看 到 的”等等,这些语言,让人民在品读之后又有 细细地思忖,从而 体味出辛辣的讽刺。 《哈 克 贝 利·费 恩 历 险 记 》 是 以 一 个 12 岁 左 右 男 孩 的 角 度,以他的第一人称进行叙述的。 但是,从一个孩子包括汤姆 . 索亚的言语,以及孩子们观察到的对周围人和 事 的 表 达 ,让 这 样的讽刺幽默言语被惊讶于是从这些孩子 们 的 思 想 和 语 言 中 迸发出来的。 从这一点上看,作者的确是将哈 克 贝 利·费 恩 和 汤姆 . 索亚塑造成了自己思想的化身,否则,这些孩子们可真是 不能单单用其他评论文章所说的天真、浪漫和 纯 洁 来 形 容 ,应《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》是 19 世纪 创 作 的 一 部 广 受 关 注 和 评 论 的 小 说 ,尤 其 对 于 19 世 纪 的 美 国 文 学 ,成 为 了 反 映 美 国浓郁的本土文化和形成风格语言的奠基 作 品 , 在 某 种 意 义 上,它也成为了美国在文学上独立并被广泛认可的标志。 作 为 19 世 纪 美 国 现 实 主 义 文 学 家 马 克·吐 温 的 代 表 作 , 《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》 已经被大家品读和 发 表 了 许 多 文 学 评论,其中,不乏深刻的见解和分析,挖掘出了很 多 关 于 《哈 克 贝利·费恩历险记》这部小说的分析角度。 纵观这些评论,大部 分还是很有道理的。 因为,在笔者看来,文学 作 家 在 某 一 时 期 和阶段创作出来的作品, 是很多复杂因素 汇 集 起 来 的 思 想 的 反映。 我们不是作家本人,所以,我们无法完全明了。 但是,我 们可以基于自己的文学素养和阅读感受来 发 表 对 一 部 作 品 的 理解和分析,这也是能够和大家一起分享与讨论的一种途径。 以下,该文将对《哈克贝利·费恩历险记 》的 语 言 及 作 品 内 容在综观一些文学批评的基础上进行四个 方 面 的 分 析 , 有 赞 同性的评论,也有批判性的自我观点的提出。 正如很多人常说 的,100 个人心中有 100 个哈姆雷特, 这才正是一部名著的魅 力所在。1 《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》中的语言特点首先,《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》是以第 一 人 称 的 口 吻 叙 述 故事的,并且,叙述除了引言以外,都用的是过去式的时态。 整 个小说故事读下来, 读者就跟着主人公的 各 种 经 历 走 进 了 他 的回忆中,与他和吉姆一起漂流在密西西比河 上 ,遭 遇 沉 船 上 的强盗、大家族之间的宿怨争斗、“国王”和“公爵”的 欺 骗 勾 当 和吉姆陷入危险与被解救的惊险动魄的一 幕 幕 。 用 第 一 人 称 的表述,让读者阅读时产生一种亲切感,能够 被 吸 引 着 进 入 小 说的情境中。 其次,《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》的语言 描 写 是 以 小 哈 克 贝 利和吉姆在密西西比河上漂流为主线, 以 一 次 次 历 险 的 经 历 作为贯穿这条主线的一个个情节,如同在一棵 茁 壮 的 树 干 上 , 生成了繁茂的枝叶。 在小说中,作者生动地讲述了,诸如“逃脱 醉酒父亲”“诈死换取自由”“遭遇沉船上海盗的谋财 害 命 ”“目 睹 大 家 族 之 间 的 宿 怨 争 斗 ”“残 杀 波 格 斯 事 件 ”“‘国 王 ’与 ‘公 爵’的欺骗勾当”“对吉姆的营救”等等的故事。 虽然,故事有独 立 、自 成 系 统 的 ,亦 有 连 贯 、情 节 交 织 的 ,但 是 ,小 说 语 言 将 它 们连缀而成却井然有秩,丰富多彩。 可以想像 ,主 人 公 是 漂 流 在 木 筏 上 的 ,有 时 ,也 在 小 船 中 ,但 不 管 怎 样 ,河 水 是 流 动 的 , 它自然地带着主人公去经历大河及两岸上 的 人 和 事 。 写 到 这 儿,感觉真的很像在叙述生活—— —你在生 命 的 长 河 中 跋 涉 ,沿 途也有人和风景, 你在经历和感受着它们 - —有的 擦 肩 而 过 , 轻轻的;有的是命运的驱使,和你发生了故事 。 这 样 的 语 言 叙 述描写的方式,不但使得小说在内容上真实生 动 ,也 使 得 作 者 能够根据创作的需要加入更多的故事和情节(如 果 必 要 的 话 , 但 ,马 克·吐 温 当 然 认 为 这 已 经 足 够 了 ),同 时 ,还 增 加 了 语 言 描述的张力。 再次,在《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》中,马克·吐 温 使 用 了 很收稿日期:2010-11-07修回日期:2010-11-22本栏目责任编辑:杨菲菲190中外文学文化研究

2011 年 2 月该也加上老成与深刻。 细细品味一下,如果这些讽刺幽默的话 语是从成年人们的口中说出来的, 这种效 果 就 不 会 像 现 在 在 作品中表现的那么吸引人了。 总之,马克·吐温在其文学作品中的 幽 默 风 格 丰 富 了 所 描 写的美国 19 世纪的社会画面,也表达了作 者 对 美 国 社 会 问 题 的深刻思索与批判。Overseas English 海外英语2 《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》作品内容中的主人公分析首先,哈克贝利·费恩不是一个流浪汉,否 则 ,这 部 小 说 就 要改成《哈克贝利·费恩流浪记》了。 小哈克 贝 利 是 一 个 12 岁 左 右 的 青 少 年 ,和 我 们 周 围 的 这 些 孩 子 一 样 ,在 这 样 的 年 纪 , 成长在一定的环境下,被影响形成了一定的性 格 。 只 是 ,小 哈 克贝利在小说中被安排在了 19 世纪四五十年代的美国。 他有 一 个 酒 鬼 父 亲 ,他 酗 酒 如 命 ,常 酒 后 痛 打 小 哈 克 ,坚 决 不 让 他 接受教育,还要反过来向小哈克要钱。 这样不 负 责 的 父 亲 ,要 是在当今, 一定会受到全社会的谴责和青 少 年 保 护 组 织 与 法 律的追究—不管怎么说,小哈克贝利没有得 到 亲 人 的 爱 ,他 离 开了。 好心的道格拉斯寡妇和华森小姐收养了他,她们按照上 层社会的生活方式和道德模式改造哈克。 她 们 要 求 他 识 文 断 字,信奉上帝,成为一个高贵的“文明人”。 这样看来,小哈克贝 利应该是很幸运的,会被很多人羡慕,这简直 是 积 了 大 德 的 好 事。 但是,他对此却深感厌恶。 他从不去教堂 祈 祷 ,他 这 样 描 述 :教 堂 里 一 个 人 也 没 有 ,只 有 一 两 只 猪 ,因 为 教 堂 的 门 并 没 有锁, 猪在夏天贪图凉快, 挺喜欢在那木 条 子 钉 的 地 板 上 睡 觉, 你要是留神的话, 上教堂的人差不多 都 是 万 不 得 已 才 去 的,猪可不一样。 小哈克贝利也不穿体面的衣 服 ,他 把 自 己 的 钱送给了萨契尔法官。 最后,他离开了。 哈克贝利选择离开,因 为他经历了这些,他知道现在的自己真正想过 什 么 样 的 生 活 , 他想自由自在,心满意足,在大自然的环 境 中 真 切 地 感 受 —他 勇敢地选择了自己喜欢的生活。 我不认为 小 哈 克 贝 利 的 逃 离 是像一些评论家所说的,是想摆脱一切所谓文 明 社 会 的 束 缚 , 就像在小说结束时, 斐尔普斯太太想收养 哈 克 贝 利 做 自 己 的 干儿子,但是他还是再次出走,周游各地。 在 经 历 了 密 西 西 比 河上漂流所经历的种种历险后, 在看到和 感 受 到 种 种 事 情 的 发生后,小哈克贝利还是选择离开,在密西西 比 河 上 或 者 什 么 其他的地方—谁会知道呢,去历险,去漫游。 这是他的选择,他 的生活态度。 不是什么逃避或者被迫的流浪。 这就像是美国人 性格的写照,他们向往自由与个性的发展,向 往 获 得 新 鲜 与 刺 激的体验。 我认为,作者本身也并不想把哈克 贝 利·费 恩 塑 造 成一个逃避者和流浪者,因为,无论对这个国 家 的 一 些 方 面 有 多么大的不满和揭示,作者还是热爱这片土地 的 ,他 也 不 会 选 择逃离这里,逃离这个社会。 其次,哈克贝利·费恩与吉姆之间的 关 系 不 是 简 单 的 思 想 观念和对待态度的渐进改变。 我们始终不能忽略的是,在小说 中 ,哈 克 贝 利·费 恩 只 是 一 个 孩 子 ,如 果 把 他 分 析 得 超 出 他 这个年龄和阅历该有的成熟, 给他附着上一 些 历 史 的 使 命 和 意 义的话, 就不太符合小说的风格和文学本 身 的 艺 术 魅 力 。 首 先,小哈克贝利在小说中被塑造成是生活 在 美 国 19 世 纪 南 方 蓄奴州的一个白种小孩。 以一个小孩的心智,即使他在一定的 环境下比同龄的孩子成熟一些,但是,对于社 会 中 存 在 的 深 层 次矛盾,他当然不会像成年人那样批判和对待。 小哈克贝利是 从一个人初始的人性情感出发, 通过和人 的 交 流 得 到 的 感 受 来直接地反映在他的思想与行为中。 相对的,吉姆作为一个 30 几岁的中年人, 由于受到当时社会中存在 的 严 重 的 种 族 歧 视 和肤色偏见,加之白种人,甚至黑人自己都认 为 奴 隶 制 的 存 在 是 合 理 的 ,是 上 帝 所 宠 爱 的 ,所 以 ,吉 姆 自 然 有 一 种 宿 命 和 迷 信的性格特点。 但是,他也像一个孩子一样,没有 仇 视 、憎 恨 、 抱 怨 、虚 伪 、欺 诈 和 城 府 这 些 很 多 成 年 人 所 有 的 丑 陋 的 人 性 , 他纯朴、憨厚、勤劳、善良,是一个十分有人情味 的 人 。 毋 庸 置 疑 ,小 哈 克 贝 利 和 吉 姆 都 受 到 当 时 环 境 的 影 响 ,但 是 ,在 现 实 的情感交流中,他们都在改变。 小哈克贝利在密西西比河上的 历 险 中 以 吉 姆 为 伴 ,他 们 两 个 相 互 依 赖 ;吉 姆 也 如 父 亲 般 ,以 他的经验照料和帮助哈克贝利,虽然,他们彼 此 身 上 还 是 有 着 顺从与尊卑的感觉,但是,他们却是朋友。 有 一 种 暗 含 的 意 思 应 该 在 其 中 ,孩 子 们 能 够 看 到 人 性 的 本 质 ,虽 然 ,他 们 还 可 能 不 知 道 “人 性 ”这 个 词 的 含 义 ,可 是 ,那 些 大 人 们 ,却 还 在 怀 抱 着他们的偏执,束缚和扭曲着人类的进步。 同时,我要指出,有 些评论评述,在汤姆和哈克贝利解救吉姆的过 程 中 ,有 戏 弄 吉 姆的故意在里面。 我是很反对这种说法的,以这种角度来表现 汤姆和哈克在其对待吉姆的思想认识上的矛盾 ,是 不 准 确 的 。 要看到,他们是孩子,此外,汤姆还具有特别的浪 漫 主 义 崇 拜 , 所以,在这个过程中,很自然的就会表露出来。 否则,他们就不 是 12 岁左右的汤姆和哈克贝利了。3 结束语综上,对《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》的语 言 及 作 品 内 容 中 的 主人公进行了浅要的分析。 能够从文学作品美的描述中,发现 理性的深刻和顿悟, 这才是一部作品流芳 百 世 和 为 人 称 赞 的 灵魂。参考文献:[1] 马克·吐温 . 哈克贝利·费恩历险记 [M]. 张 万 里 , 译 . 上 海 : 上 海 译文出版社 ,1999. [2] Mark Twain.The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn[M].Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press,2006. [3] 郑克鲁 . 外国文学史 [M]. 北京 : 高等教育出版社 ,1999. [4] 刘永杰 , 王艳玲 . 言为 心 声 :《哈 克 贝 利·费 恩 历 险 记 》的 口 语 化风格浅析 [J]. 山东师范外国语学院学报 ,2001(4). [5] 孙 胜 中 . 经 典 成 长 小 说 与 美 国 成 长 小 说 之 比 较 [J]. 安 徽 师 范 大学学报 ,2005(5).(上接第 189 页) 没有去叫昆丁而是告诉杰生:“只要你在家, 我 没 有 一 刻 不 听 见你在骂骂咧咧的。 不是冲着昆丁和你妈妈,就是对着勒斯特 和班吉。 脾气这么坏,硬要把昆丁叫起来,一点道理也没有。 ” 在迪尔西的世界里没有专制的统治权和绝 对 的 服 从 , 她 有 着 自己的价值观和评论是非的标准。 杰生把她是为天敌。5 结束语迪 尔 西 虽 然 是 《喧 哗 与 骚 动 》中 的 次 要 人 物 ,但 她 对 于 展 示小说主题维系小说结构起着不可缺少的 作 用 。 迪 尔 西 代 表 着人性美,在她身上散发着母性的光芒,虽是 黑 人 奴 隶 但 却 义 无反顾的担当起了父权社会的颠覆者。 她 的 爱 温 暖 着 家 族 中 的 每 一 个 人 ,也 给 读 者 带 来 了 希 望 ,相 信 在 这 场 社 会 变 革 中 , 会有美好的东西沉淀下来, 一切疯狂和堕 落 都 会 被 这 场 变 革 而埋没。4 绝望中的希望在这个充满了颓败与衰落的康普 生 家 族 中 , 在 这 种 摇 摇 欲坠、顷刻之间似乎就要倒塌的境况中,在这 样 一 个 死 气 沉 沉 的大家庭里, 惟有老黑奴女佣人迪尔西是 这 个 家 庭 赖 以 维 持 下去的支撑者 . 迪尔西像一根坚固的石柱,以勤劳和善良、忠诚 和勇敢支撑它。 福克纳说:“迪尔西是我最喜爱的人物之一,因 为她勇敢、大胆、豪爽、温厚、诚实。 ” (李文俊《福克纳评论集》 89 )。 她全然不在意会得到什么 . 她将宽容无私的爱奉献给了周 围所有的人。 迪尔西是爱的使者,她用她那无私纯洁的爱温暖 者家族中的每一给人。 她那高尚的人格,无私的精神和博大的 仁爱将永远活在天地间。 在她身上我们看 到 了 人 性 的 光 芒 和 人类的未来。本栏目责任编辑:杨菲菲参考文献:[1] 威 廉·福 克 纳 . 喧 哗 与 骚 动 [M]. 李 文 , 译 . 上 海 : 上 海 译 文 出 版 社 ,1996. [2] 李文俊 . 福克纳评论集 [M]. 北京 : 中国社会科学出版社 ,1980. [3] 肖明翰 . 威廉·福克纳研究 [M]. 北京 : 外语教学与研究出版社 , 1999. [4] 卢玮 , 刘明江 . 夜 色 中 的 星 光 —福 克 纳 《繁 华 与 骚 动 》中 的 迪 尔西形象 [J]. 十堰职业技术学院学报 ,2003(3). —— [5] 人 性 的 光 辉 —论 福 克 纳 笔 下 的 黑 人 形 象 迪 尔 西 [J]. 吉 林 省教育学院学报 ,2006(12).中外文学文化研究191

哈克贝利费恩历险记英文简介篇六
《试论《哈克贝利费恩历险记》中哈克的冲突英语论文》

XXXX大学本科毕业论文(设计)任务书

编 号:

论文(设计)题目: 试论《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》中哈克的冲突 学 院: XXX学院 专业: 英语教育 班级: XXX级英语教育X班 学生姓名: XXX 学号: XXXXX 指导教师: XXX 职称: XX 1、论文(设计)研究目标及主要任务

本论文的研究目标是探讨哈克的冲突在《哈克贝利费恩历险记》这本书中的体现以及冲突对哈克的成长成熟的重大意义。其主要任务是通过分析哈克和两个主要人物吉姆、汤姆以及社会三个方面的冲突来论证这些冲突对哈克的成长具有决定性意义。

2、论文(设计)的主要内容

本论文分为三章,第一章介绍哈克与黑奴吉姆的冲突,第二章介绍哈克和社会之间的冲突,最后一章介绍了哈克与汤姆之间的冲突。

3、论文(设计)的基础条件及研究路线

本论文的基础条件是国内外学者对《哈克贝利费恩历险记》的现有研究和对哈克成长的相关因素的理解和分析。

研究路线是对哈克的冲突从三个角度进行详细的阐述,探讨出哈克与这些冲突之间不可分割的联系,从而证明哈克的成长过程中这一系列的冲突的必要作用。

4、主要参考文献

Messent, Peter. The Cambridge introduction to Mark Twain. ed.Yu Jianhua, Shanghai: Shanghai

Foreign Language Education Press, 2008.

Smith, Henry Nash, Mark Twain: the Development of a Writer. Cambridge: Harvard University

Press, 1962.

Thrilling, Lionel. Introduction to Huckleberry Finn. New York: Rinehart, 1948.

Twain, Mark Twain. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and

Research Press, 2005

王惠君, 王惠玲译. 2001.《哈克贝利•费恩历险记》, 奎屯: 伊犁人民出版社. 易乐湘. 2009. 《马克•吐温青少年小说主题研究》, 上海: 东方出版中心.

指 导 教 师: 年 月 日 教 研 室 主 任: 年 月 日

注:一式三份,学院(系)、指导教师、学生各一份

XXXX大学本科生毕业论文(设计)开题报告

XXXX大学本科生毕业论文(设计)评议书

XXXX大学本科生毕业论文(设计)文献综述

哈克贝利费恩历险记英文简介篇七
《哈克贝利费恩历险记》

1.Mark Twain's classic novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, tells the story of a teenaged misfit who finds himself floating on a raft down the Mississippi River with an escaping slave, Jim. In the course of their perilous journey, Huck and Jim meet adventure, danger, and a cast of characters who are sometimes menacing and often hilarious.

Though some of the situations in Huckleberry Finn are funny in themselves (the cockeyed Shakespeare production in Chapter 21 leaps instantly to mind), this book's humor is found mostly in Huck's unique worldview and his way of expressing himself. Describing his brief sojourn with the Widow Douglas after she adopts him, Huck says: "After supper she got out her book and learned me about Moses and the Bulrushers, and I was in a sweat to find out all about him; but by and by she let it out that Moses had been dead a considerable long time; so then I didn't care no more about him, because I don't take no stock in dead people." Underlying Twain's good humor is a dark subcurrent of Antebellum cruelty and injustice that makes The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn a frequently funny book with a serious message.

2.First love of a good book to write, and the child's innocence. Do you believe a naughty child would risk their lives in court as a defense of innocent people of a murderous bandit offend you? You believe that when the two children in dire straits, they still disregard their own safety for the sake of each other it? You may be surprised, adults do not necessarily do it, let alone children? But when you read "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer," you would not think so, after a. Sketch book to readers of a naughty, restless child Tom's image, but there are inherent beauty, I feel deeply on this point.

One night, Tom went to the cemetery playing no wish to see: Indian River Joe murderous bandits killed a doctor and an innocent man falsely accused; later, those who are falsely accused to be sentenced to death, Tom can not afford a conscience torture, they risk their lives to this man to testify, which was almost provoke all-powerful. Tom is such a firm and resolute, full of conscience and sense of justice, the key, he can always come forward to put his own life and death of the givers. But in life, how many people will like Tom do that? Many surface Sisiwenwen, handsome and generous, can be really crucial moment, they vanished without a trace, fully embodies these people selfish, conservative, greedy habits. What a contrast ah!

In fact, children are the most innocent. In some ways we may wish to children as a teacher, to act as their own mirror, look in their own time, you can continue to erase the din of earth, heal the soul impetuous, so its always maintain a childlike innocence, with sense of justice and

goodness of nature, with a sincere heart to treat every person, no longer so greedy, selfish! I believe everyone so, let us create a more beautiful tomorrow! 3. 读<<哈克贝利.费恩历险记>> 有感当我合上这本书后,嘴角流出了一丝会心的微笑。 Reading "<Huckleberry. Finn Adventures of" Record> felt when I closed the book, the mouth and out the hint of smile. 这样一本书我还是第一次读到,我想,它写出了对奴隶制的不满、对社民的讽刺、对时代不公正现象的悲哀、还有对人格内心的剖析。 This is the first time a book I read, I think, it sets out the dissatisfaction of slavery, the people of the irony of the community, on the injustice of the sad times, but also on the inner personality

analysis. 对于主角―――哈克贝利.费恩也赋予了很多特点:对大人世界的叛逆、对黑人的同情。 For the protagonist --- Huckleberry. Fehn also gives a lot of features: on the adult world of rebellion, sympathy for Black. 以上这些,是所有读过这本书的人都能感受到的,但在这本书中,有另外一种味道,一种哈克贝利.费恩和那群小男孩散发出的味道,这是这种味道塑造出哈克贝利.费恩独特的个性,这种味道,只有真正的孩子,才能真正读懂。 These are all read this book can feel, but in this book, there is another kind of taste, a Huckleberry. Finn and the group of small boys, the smell, It is this taste out of Huckleberry shape. Fehn's unique personality, this taste, only the children really can be truly understood.

这种味道,让哈克和那一群小孩老是幻想干一些大事:做强盗、做英雄。 This taste for Huck and that a group of children always dream to do something big: do robbers as heroes. 说一些“如果本帮哥们泄露秘密,必须割断他的喉管,并把他的尸体烧掉,骨灰撒掉,把名字用血从名单中抹掉”之类一些听上去“像那么一会事”的话。 Some said, "If this helps buddy tell a secret, must cut his throat and his body burned, ashes scattered off, put their names erased from the list of blood," some of it sounds like "something like it for a while "words. 而实际上“连一辆装满萝卜的车子都对付不了。”我小时候也常认为自己是传说中神的女儿,是拯救世界的天使,而实际上连一个人呆在一个较黑的屋子里就会觉得背后有什么东西。 In fact, "with a car full of radishes are unable to cope." I often think that their child is the daughter of the legendary god is the angel to save the world, in fact even a person stay in a relatively dark room will feel something behind. 这,是一个孩子最天真的梦想。 This is a dream of a child's innocent.

这种味道,让哈克和汤姆想“用一把小刀化37年时间挖一个地洞救出黑奴吉姆”,但发现行不通时,他们便打算“事实上是用铁铲马上挖,在这之后,我们不妨只当用小刀挖了37年”,我小时候经常用我认为“公主的睡姿”睡觉,可睡一会就不舒服了,于是我就横七竖八地躺在床上,只当是用公主的睡姿睡。 This taste for Huck and Tom would like "a knife of 37 years to dig a hole rescued black Nuji Mu", but found that does not work, they would like to "actually digging with a spade once, after which , we might just as with a knife and dug 37 years, "I was a child often I think" Princess of sleeping positions, "sleep, sleep will not be comfortable, so I noodle on her bed, just as is the Princess sleep sleeping position. 这,是一个孩子几乎无所不能的想象力。 This is a child's imagination can do almost anything.

这种味道,让汤姆和哈克往吉姆那小小的“监狱”里放水蛇、老鼠等“宠物”,让吉姆用泪水浇灌一株花,而实际上吉姆已经自由了,只要汤姆说句话就可以被放出来。 This taste for Tom and Huck to Jim that little "prison" in Drainage snakes, rats and other "pet" and let the tears watering a flower with Jim, but Jim has actually free, as long as a word with Tom can be released. 这,是一个孩子奇特的幻想。 This is a strange fantasy child.

而这种味道,叫“童真”。 And the smell, called "Innocence."

4.《哈克贝里.费恩历险记》所描写的事情发生在美国南北战争之前,一个叫哈克的白人孩子帮助黑奴吉姆逃亡的的故事,揭露和讽刺了美国文明社会的丑恶现实,对腐朽的蓄奴制度,对美国社会的种族岐视予以愤怒的谴责和批判。

When we struck the boat she was about done loading, and pretty soon she got off. The king never said nothing about going aboard, so I lost my ride, after all. When the boat was gone the king made me paddle up another mile to a lonesome place, and then he got ashore and says:

"Now hustle back, right off, and fetch the duke up here, and the new carpet-bags. And if he's gone over to t'other side, go over there and git him. And tell him to git himself up regardless. Shove along, now."

I see what HE was up to; but I never said nothing, of course. When I got back with the duke we hid the canoe, and then they set down on a log, and the king told him everything, just like the young fellow had said it -- every last word of it. And all the time he was a-doing it he tried to talk like an Englishman; and he done it pretty well, too, for a slouch. I can't imitate him, and so I ain't a-going to try to; but he really done it pretty good. Then he says:

"How are you on the deef and dumb, Bilgewater?"

The duke said, leave him alone for that; said he had played a deef and dumb person on the histronic boards. So then they waited for a steamboat.

About the middle of the afternoon a couple of little boats come along, but they didn't come from high enough up the river; but at last there was a big one, and they hailed her. She sent out her yawl, and we went aboard, and she was from Cincinnati; and when they found we only wanted to go four or five mile they was booming mad, and gave us a cussing, and said they wouldn't land us. But the king was ca'm. He says:

"If gentlemen kin afford to pay a dollar a mile apiece to be took on and put off in a yawl, a steamboat kin afford to carry 'em, can't it?"

So they softened down and said it was all right; and when we got to the village they yawled us ashore. About two dozen men flocked down when they see the yawl a-coming, and when the king says:

"Kin any of you gentlemen tell me wher' Mr. Peter Wilks lives?" they give a glance at one another, and nodded their heads, as much as to say, "What d' I tell you?" Then one of them says, kind of soft and gentle:

"I'm sorry. sir, but the best we can do is to tell you where he DID live yesterday evening." Sudden as winking the ornery old cretur went an to smash, and fell up against the man, and put his chin on his shoulder, and cried down his back, and says:

"Alas, alas, our poor brother -- gone, and we never got to see him; oh, it's too, too hard!"

5. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 哈克贝利-费恩历险记的英文评价

Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1884) by Mark Twain is commonly accounted as one of the first Great American Novels. It was also one of the first major American novels ever written using Local Color Realism or the vernacular, or common speech, being told in the first person by the eponymous Huckleberry "Huck" Finn, best friend of Tom Sawyer (hero of three other Mark Twain books). The book was first published in 1884.

The book is noted for its innocent young protagonist, its colorful description of people and places along the Mississippi River, and its sober and often scathing look at entrenched attitudes, particularly racism, of the time. The drifting journey of Huckleberry Finn and his friend Nigger Jim, a runaway slave, down the Mississippi River on their raft may be one of the most enduring images of escape and freedom in all of American literature.

The book has been popular with young readers since its publication, and taken as a sequel to the comparatively innocuous The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (which had no particular social message), it has also been the continued object of study by serious

literary critics. Although the Southern society it satirized was already a quarter-century in the past by the time of publication, the book immediately became controversial, and has remained so to this day .

哈克贝利费恩历险记英文简介篇八
《英语论文荡漾在密西西比河上的“美国梦”----论马克吐温和《哈克贝利费恩历险记》》

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论文(设计)题目:荡漾在密西西比河上的“美国梦”---论马克吐温和《哈克贝利费恩历险记》

学院: XXX学院 专业: XXXX 班级: XXXX级英语XX班 学生姓名:XX 学号: XXXX 指导教师: XXX 职称:XXX

1、论文(设计)研究目标及主要任务

本论文的研究目标是探讨马克吐温的小说《哈克贝利费恩历险记》中主人公体现出的作者所理解的“美国梦”精神。其主要任务是从自由主义,冒险主义和反抗精神具体表述这种精神对美国人的影响。 2、论文(设计)的主要内容

本论文分为三章,第一章从哈克和黑奴吉姆的逃跑和密西西比河的隐含意义三方面论述了文章中的自由主义,第二章从哈克和汤姆索亚的探险分析了冒险主义,最后一章讨论了哈克和吉姆的反抗精神。 3、论文(设计)的基础条件及研究路线 本论文的基础条件是不同的文学家、文学批评家以及乔伊斯本人对其作品中人物和当时社会环境分析和解读。

研究路线是对人物的精神状况从渴望自由,冒险和反抗三方面进行详细的探讨和分析。 4、主要参考文献

Thomson, David. 2000. In Nevada: The Land, The People, God, and Chance. New York: Vintage Books.

Jelliffe, Robert A. 1956. Faulkner at Nagano. Tokyo: Kenkyusha, Ltd. Lindborg, Henry J. 2009. ―Adventures of Huckleberry Finn" 陶德臻,1991,《世界文学史》,北京:高等教育出版社 梁斌,2008,《论马克吐温对美国现实的批判》,山东大学

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