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人教版八年级英语下册知识点总结

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导读: 人教版八年级英语下册知识点总结(共5篇)人教版八年级英语下册单元知识点总结及语法汇总八年级(下)英语知识讲解(人教)每单元均有重要的字、词的辨析及重要语句的分析与用法指导;有课文中的难重点分析与讲解;有针对性的训练及同步检测题,并且附有详细的解答。目录1 Unit 1 Will people have robots?2 Unit 2...

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人教版八年级英语下册知识点总结(一)
人教版八年级英语下册单元知识点总结及语法汇总

八年级(下)英语知识讲解(人教)

每单元均有重要的字、词的辨析及重要语句的分析与用法指导;有课文中的难重点分析与讲解;有针对性的训练及同步检测题,并且附有详细的解答。

目录

1 Unit 1 Will people have robots?

2 Unit 2 What should I do?

3 Unit3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived?

4 Unit 4 He said I was hard-working.

5 Unit 5 If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time!

6 Review of units 1-3

7 Review of units 4-5

8 八年级下学期期中复习(一)

9 改错小练

10 八年级下学期期中复习(二)

11 八年级期中考试模拟题

12 Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells?

13 Unit 7 Would you mind turning down the music?

14 Unit 8 Why don’t you get her a scarf?

15 Unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement park?

16 Unit 10 It’s a nice day, isn’t it?

17 介词复习

18 Review of units 6-8

19 Review of units 9-10

20 八年级第二学期期末复习题

21 八年级第二学期期末模拟试题

22 How do you study for a test

23 Unit2 I used to be afraid of the dark

Unit 1

Will people have robots?

II. Grammar:

·一般将来时

·there will be ·few,a few,little,a little,much,many

语法小结:

一、一般将来时

1.用be doing表示将来:主要意义是表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作,常用于位置转移的动词。

如:go,come,leave,arrive等,也可用于其他动作动词。

We are having fish for dinner.

We are moving to a different hotel the day after tomorrow.

这种用法通常带有表示将来的时间状语,如果不带时间状语,则根据上下文可表示最近即将发生的动作。

A: Where are you going? B: I am going for a walk. Are you coming with me?

A: Yes,I am just coming. Wait for me.

2.用be going to do表示将来:主要意义,一是表示―意图‖,即打算在最近的将来或将来进行某事。

Are you going to post that letter?

How long is he going to stay here?

I am going to book a ticket.

另一意义是表示―预见‖,即现在已有迹象表明将要发生或即将发生某种情况。

It’s going to rain.

George is putting on weight; he is going to be quite fat.

3. 用will/ shall do表示将来:

主要意义,一是表示预见。

You will feel better after taking this medicine.

Do you think it will rain?

二是表示意图.

I will not lend the book to you.

Take it easy,I will not do it any longer.

基本结构:

She will come to have class tomorrow.

Will she come to have class tomorrow?

She won’t come to have class tomorrow.

What will she do tomorrow?

二、There be结构

1. there be 结构中的be是可以运用各种时态的。

There is going to be a meeting tonight. 今晚有个会议。

There was a knock at the door. 有人敲门。

There has been a girl waiting for you. 有个女孩一直在等你。

There will be rain soon. 不久天就要下雨了。

2. 动词be单复数形式要跟there be之后的真正的主语一致。并且要根据就近一致原则

来变换be的单复数形式。

如There is a book on the desk. 课桌上有一本书。

How many people are there in the city? 这个城市里有多少人口?

There is a pen and two books on the desk. 课桌上有一个钢笔和两本书。

There are two books and a pen on the desk. 课桌上有两本书和一个钢笔。

There are some students and a teacher in the classroom.教室里有一些学生和一位老师。 There is a teacher and some students in the classroom. 教室里有一位老师和一些学生。

3. 在there be引起的句子结构中,用来修饰主语的不定式主动形式和被动形式均可。 There is no time to lose (=to be lost). 时间紧迫。

There is nothing to see (=to be seen). 看不见有什么。

There is nothing to do. (=to be done) 无事可做。

4、There is no doing.

(口语)不可能…….

There is no telling when he will be back. 无法知道他什么时候回来。

There is no knowing what he is doing. 无法知道他在做什么。

三、课文难句解析

1. Will people use money in 100years? 一百年后人们还会使用钱币吗?

1) money 金钱;货币

eg. What's the money? 价钱是多少?

paper money 纸币;钞票

2) in 100 years 在100年之后

―in+一段时间‖常用在将来时态中

eg. I'll come in an hour. 我一小时后来。

I'll see you again in three days. 三天后我再见你。

2. There will be less leisure time.空闲时间会更少。

1) less 形容词:较少的(是little的比较级),修饰不可数名词,其最高级是least;反义词是more。

eg. Jane's less beautiful than Mary. 简不如玛丽漂亮。

Five is less than six. 5比6少。

2) leisure time 空闲时间

eg.What do you do in your leisure time? 你空闲时间做些什么?

3. I think there will be more pollution. 我认为将会有更多的污染产生。

1) think后跟的是宾语从句,且宾语从句是there be句型的一般将来时,结构为―there will be+物+其他成分‖。

eg. I think it will rain tomorrow. 我认为明天会下雨。

I think there will be fewer trees. 我认为将来树木会更少。

2) pollution表示―污染‖,用作不可数名词。

例如:They did a lot to stop water pollution.他们采取大量措施制止水污染。

4. I don't agree. 我不同意。

agree在本句中作动词,I don't agree.是一句交际用语,表示―不赞成某人或某人的观点‖,如果表赞成,则为I agree。

1) 表示―同意某人意见‖时用agree with sb,该短语不能用于被动语态。

eg. Did you agree with him? 你同意他的意见吗?

I don't agree with what she said. 我不同意她所说的。

2) 表示―同意(某计划、办法、建议、条件)‖时,用agree to(to在此用作介词,其后接名词、代词或者相当于名词的成分),该短语可以用于被动语态。

eg.I agree to your idea. 我同意你的想法。

My plan was agreed to by all of them. 他们所有的人都同意我的计划。

3) 表示―就……取得一致意见‖用agree on(或upon),指―两者或两者以上的商定,达成协议‖。

eg.They both agreed on the date for the meeting.他们双方都同意开会的日期。

4) agree后还可以接不定式,不接动名词,表示―同意做某事‖。

eg.They agreed to leave tomorrow afternoon.他们同意明天下午动身。

5. What do you think Sally will be in five years? 你认为萨莉5年之后将会是什么样子? 此句中的do you think是插入语,其后接的宾语从句必须用陈述句语序。

eg. Which book do you think she will like? 你认为她会喜欢哪本书?

Who do you think did it? 你认为是谁干的那件事?

6. I went to Shanghai last year and fell in love with it. 我去年去了上海,并且喜欢上了这座城市。

1) go表示―去‖,过去式是went,―go to+地名‖表示―到某地去‖。

eg.When will you go to school? 你什么时候去上学?

He will go to the factory tomorrow.他明天要去那所工厂。

如果go后面接副词,不用to。

eg.He went home at before six yesterday evening.他昨天晚上6点前回家的。

2) last year意为―去年‖,用于一般过去时态中。

eg.He went to London last year.去年他去了伦敦。

3) love爱,热爱,其反义词是hate;fall in love with是―喜爱;爱上;与……相恋‖的意思。

eg.He went to Harbin last year and fell in love with it.去年他去了哈尔滨,并且喜欢上了那里。

7. I can't have any pets because my mother hates them. 我不能养宠物,因为我妈不喜欢他们

1) because在这句中用作连词,引导原因状语从句,表示―因为‖。注意在英语中because不能和so同时使用。

eg.John didn't go to school because he was ill. 约翰没有上学,因为他病了。

2) hate表示―不喜欢,憎恨‖,后可跟名词或代词作宾语,也可用词组hate doing sth.,表示―讨厌做某事‖。

eg.He hated flowers. 他讨厌花朵。

I hate swimming in the lake. 我讨厌在那个湖里游泳。

8. I'll probably go skating and swimming every day. 我会每天都去滑冰和游泳。

1) go doing sth. 结构,表示―去做……

go skating 去滑冰 go swimming 去游泳go shopping 去买东西 go fishing 去钓鱼 go boating 去划船

eg.My father goes fishing every week. 我爸爸每周都去钓鱼。

I like going skating.我喜欢去滑冰。

2) every day与everyday区别:every day表示―每天‖,通常与一般现在时连用;而everyday表示―日常的,每天发生的,每日所用的‖,是形容词。例如:

eg.I get up at six every day. 我每天6点起床。

He wears everyday clothes today.今天他穿一身便服。

9. During the week I’ll look smart,and probably will wear a suit.

在工作日里,我会看上去很精神,也许会穿一身套装。

1) during表示―在……期间‖,during the week是介词短语,意为―在工作日里‖。 eg.The sun gives us light during the day. 太阳在白天给我们阳光。

He fell asleep during the lesson. 他在上课时睡着了。

2) look表示―看上去‖,用作连系动词,其后接形容词作表语。

eg.That dog looks dangerous. 那只狗看起来很危险。

You look very beautiful today. 今天你看上去很漂亮。

3) wear表示―穿‖,表示状态,用一般现在时表示经常状态,用现在进行时表示暂时状态。

eg.We wear our rain boots on a rainy day. 我们在下雨天穿雨鞋。

She is wearing a new coat. 她穿着一件新衣服。

Does he wear glasses? 她戴眼镜吗?

put on是―穿上‖,―戴上‖的意思,强调动作。

eg.She put on a red coat and went out. 她穿上红色大衣出去了。

注意:put on是一时的动作,不能跟表示一段时间的状语连用。

他整天戴着草帽。 误:He puts on a hat all day. 正:He wears a hat all day.

10. I'll go to Hong Kong on vacation. 我会去香港度假。

on vacation意为―在度假‖,on表示―处于……状态中‖。

eg. He will go to Hangzhou on vacation. 他要到杭州度假。

My father will be away on business tomorrow.我爸爸明天要出差。

11. What do you think the weather will be like tomorrow? 你认为明天的天气怎样?

1) What's the weather like? 是询问天气怎么样,相当于How is the weather?What be … like?可以用来征求对方对某事的看法或意见,意思是―……怎么样?‖ 类似的说法还有What do you think of…? How do you like…?等句型。

eg.What is the book like? =What do you think of the book?

=How do you like the book? 你觉得这本书怎么样? What's the weather like today?=How is the weather today? 今天天气怎么样?

2) What is/are…1ike? 可用来提问天气情况,也可用来对人(或物)的外观、外貌提问,还可以用来对其特性提问。

eg.What's the weather like today? 今天天气怎么样?

What's the young girl like? 那个年轻女孩长什么样?

What was the book like? 那本书怎么样?

12. There were many famous predictions that never came true.(过去)有许多从没成为现实。著名的预测

1) 本句中that never came true是个定语从句,用于修饰先行词predictions,that为引导词,作定语从句的主语,不可省略。

2) come true指―理想,梦想等实现‖。come是连系动词;true是形容词,做连系动词come的表语。

eg.My dream will come true someday. 有一天我的梦想会实现。

Her dream to go to university has come true. 她上大学的愿望实现了。

Will people have robots?

表达个人主张和意见

学会表达对未来的预测和想法

人教版八年级英语下册知识点总结(二)
人教版八年级下册英语知识点总结

英语知识点

Unit 1 What’s the matter?

一、重点短语

1. have a fever 发烧2. have a cough 咳嗽3. have a toothache 牙疼4. talk too much 说得太多5. drink enough water喝足够的水6. have a cold 受凉;感冒7. have a stomachache 胃疼8. have a sore back 背疼9. have a sore throat 喉咙痛10. lie down and rest 躺下来休息11. hot tea w ith honey 加蜂蜜的热茶12. see a dentist 看牙医

13. get an X-ray 拍X 光片14. take one’ s temperature 量体温15. put some medicine on sth. 在„„上面敷药16. feel very hot 感到很热17. sound like 听起来像18. all weekend 整个周末19. in the same way ? 以同样的方式20. go to a doctor 看医生21. go along 沿着„„走22. on the side of the road 在马路边23. shout for help 大声呼救

24. without th inking twice 没有多想25. get off 下车26. have a heart problem 有心脏病27. to one’ s surprise 使....... [京讶的28. thanks to 多亏了 ;由于29. in time 及时30. save a life 挽救生命31. get into trouble 造成麻烦32. right away 立刻;马上33. because of 由于34. get out of 离开;从„„出萍35. hurt oneself 受伤

36. put a bandage on sth. 用绷带包扎37. fa ll down 摔倒38. feel sick 感到恶心39. have a nosebleed 流鼻血40. cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖42. have problems breathing 呼吸困难43. mountain climbing 登山运动44. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事45. run out (of) 用完;用尽46. so that 以便47. so. . . that 如此„ „以至于„48. be in control of 掌管;管理49. in a d iffic u lt situation 在闲境屮50. keep on doing sth. 继续或坚持做某事51. make a decision 做出决定52. take risks 冒险53. give up 放弃

二、重点句型

1. What’ s the matter? What’ s the matter with you? = What’s the trouble with you? = What’ s wrong with you?你怎么了2. W hat should she do?她该怎么办呢?

Should I take my temperature?我应该量一下体温吗?主语+ should/shouldn’t + 动词原形. ..①You should lie down and rest.你应该躺下休息一会儿。② You shouldn’ t go out at night.

你晚上不应该出去。

3. Do you think it comes from a newspaper or abook?

你认为它是来自报纸还是书呢?

4. I think I sat in the same way for too long withoutmoving.

我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。

5. She said that the man had a heart problem andshould go to the hospital

Unit 2 I ’ll help to clean up the city parks.

一、重点短语

1. Clean-Up Day 清洁日2. an old people’s home 养老院3. help out with sth. 帮助解决困难4. used to 曾经„ „ ;过去_5. care for 关心;照顾6. the look of joy 快乐的表情

7. at the age of 在......岁时8clean up 打扫(或清除)干净9. cheer up (使)变得更高兴;振雀10. give out 分发;散发11. come up w ith 想出;提出12. make a plan 制订计

划13. make some notices 做些公告牌14. try out 试用;试行15. work for 为„工作;为„. 效力

16. put up 建造;举起;张贴17. hand out 分发;散发;发给18. call up 打电话;召集

19. put off 推迟;延迟20. for example 比如;例如21. raise money 筹钱;募捐

22. take after 与......相像;像23. give away 赠送;捐赠24. fix up 修理;修补;解决

25. be similar to 与„„相似26. set up 建立;设立27. disabled people 残疾人

28. make a difference 影响;有作29. be able to 能够30. after-school reading program

二、重点句型

1. The boy could give out food at the food bank.这个男孩可以在食品救济站分发食物。

2. Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now.清洁日离现在仅仅两周的时间。

【人教版八年级英语下册知识点总结】

3. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturdaymorning.每周六上午,他都在一'家动物医院当志愿者。

4. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteerafter-school reading program. 去年,她决定去参加一个课外阅读项目的志愿者的选拔。【人教版八年级英语下册知识点总结】

5. . . . you can see in th e ir eyes that th e y? re going ona different journey w ith each new book.„„从他们的眼睛里你可以看到他们正在进行每

本不同的新书之旅。

6. I want to put off my plan to w o rk in an animal hospital u n til next summer. 我想把我在动物医院工作的计划推迟到明年夏天。

7. Most people today are only worried about gettinggood jobs to make lots of money. 现在的大部分人只是为找一份能挣许多钱的好工作而着急。

8. You helped to make it possible for me to haveLucky.在你的帮助下,我才有可能拥有“幸运儿”。

Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?

重点短语

go out for dinner 出去吃饭stay out late 在外面待到很晚go to the movies 去看电影 get a ride 搭车work on 从事finish doing sth. 完成做某事clean and tid y 干净整洁 do the dishes 洗餐take out the rubbish 倒垃圾fold your/the clothes 叠衣服 sweep the floor 扫地make your/the bed 整理床铺clean the livng room 打扫客厅 no problem 没问题welcome sb. 欢迎某人come home fro m school/ work放学/下班回家 throw down 扔下sit down 坐下come over 过来take sb. for a walk 带某人去散步 all the time 一直;总是all day/evening 整曰/夜do housew ork 做家务shout back 大声回应

walk away 走开.share the housework 分担家务a com fortable home 一个舒适的家 in surprise 惊讶地get som ething to drin k 拿点喝的东西watch one show 观看一个节目

hang out 闲逛pass sb. sth. 把某物传给某人lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人 get sth. wet 使某物弄湿hate to do sth. 讨厌做某事do chores 做杂务

help sb. (to ) d o /with sth?帮助某人干某事bring a tent带顶帐篷来

buy some snacks买些小吃go to the store去商店invite sb. to a party邀请某人参加聚会

make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事enough stress足够的压力awaste of tim e浪费时间

in order to为了get good grades取得好成绩m ind doing sth. 介意做某事

depend on依赖;依靠develop c h ild re n ’ s independence发展孩子的独立性

look after/take care of 照顾;照看do one’ s part in (doin g ) sth.做某人分内的事

二、重点句型

1. Could you please„..do sth. ? Could you please clean your room?

你能整理一下你的房间吗? 2. I have to do some work.我必须干些活。

3. Could I+ do sth. ? Could I use your computer?我可以用一下你的电脑吗?

4. She won’ t be happy if she sees th is mess.如果她看到这样乱七八糟的话,她会不高兴的。5. For one week, she did not do any housework andneither did I. 整整一周,她什么家务活都不干了,我也一样。

6. My mom came over as soon as I sat down in frontof the T V .我一在电视机前坐下,我妈妈就过来了。7. hate + ( to do/ doing) sth. I hate to do chores.

Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?

一、重点短语

1. have free time有空闲时间2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事3. hang out with sb. 与某人闲逛4. after-school classes课外活动课5. get into a fight w ith sb. 与某人吵架/打架6. until midnight直到半夜7. talk to sb. 与某人交谈8. too many太多

9. study too much学得过多10. get enough sleep有足够的睡眠11. write sb. a letter给某人写信12. call sb. up打电话给某人13. surprise sb. 令某人惊讶14. look through翻看15. be angry with sb. 生某人的气16. a big deal重要的事17. work out成功地发展;解决18. get on with不 11睦相处;关系良: 19. fight a lot经常吵架/打架20. hang over笼罩21. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事22. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事23. so that以便24. mind sb. doing sth. 介意某人做某事25. all the time一直26. in future今后27. make sb. angry使某人生气28. worry about sth. 担心某事29. copy one’ s homework抄袭某人的作业30. be oneself做自己

31. family members32. spend time alone独自消磨时光33. give sb. pressure给某人施压

34. have a fight w ith sb. 与某人吵架35. compete w ith sb. 与某人竞争36. free time activities业余活动37. get better grades取得更好的成绩38. give one’ s opinion提出某人的观点39. learn exam skills学习应试技巧40. practice sports体育训练41. cause stress造成压力42. cut out删除

二、重点句型

1. I studied until mid night last night so I did n ‘t getenough sleep. 我昨晚学习到半夜所以睡眠不足。

2. Why don 't you forge t about it?你为什么不忘掉它呢?

3. Although she ’ s wrong , i t ' s not a big deal.虽然她错了 ?但这并不是什么大事儿。

4. H e should talk to his friend so that he can say h e’sorry.

他应该跟朋友谈谈以便他能说声对不起。

5. May be you could go to his house.也许你可以去他家。

6. I guess I could, but I dont want to surpris e him.我想我可以.但我不想让他感到

惊讶

Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?

一、重点短语

1. make sure 确信;确认2. beat against... 拍打„ „3. fall asleep 进人梦乡;睡着

4. die down 逐渐变弱;逐渐消失5. wake up 醒来6. in a mess 一团糟7. break.. . apart 使„„分离8. in times of difficulty 在困难的时候9. at the time of 当.......时候

10. go off (闹钟)发出响声11. take a hot shower 洗热水澡12. miss the bus 错过公交车13. pick up 接电话14. bring... together 使„„靠拢15. in the area 在这个地区

16. miss the event 错过这个事件17. by the side of the road 在路边18. the Animal Helpline 动物保护热线

19. walk by 走路经过20. make one’s way to. ?. 在某人去„„的路上21. hear the news 听到这个消22., important events in history 历史上的重大事件23., for example 例如

24., be killed 被杀害25., over 50 5 0多(岁)26. a school pupil 一个小学生27. on the radio 通过广播28., in silence 沉默;无声29., more recently 最近地;新近30., the World Trade Center 世贸中心31., take down 拆除;摧毁32., have meaning to 对„„有意义

33., remember doing sth. 记得做过某事34., at first 首先;最初

二、重点句型

1. — What were you doing at eight last night?昨晚8 点你在干什么?

— I was taking a shower.我在洗淋浴。

2. When it began to rain, Ben was helping his mommake dinner.

当开始下雨的时候,本正在帮他妈妈做晚饭。

3. — What was Jenny doing while Linda was sleeping?琳达在睡觉的时候,珍妮正在干什么?

— While Linda was sleeping, Jenny was helpingM a ry with her homework. 琳达在睡觉的时候,珍妮正在帮玛丽做作业。

Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains

一、重点短语

1. work on doing sth. 致力于做某事2. as soon as ...... 一„„就„....

3. once upon a time 从前4. continue to do sth. 继续做某事如此„ „以至于„ *

5. make sth. happen 使某事发生6.try to do sth. 试图做某事7. the journey to sp. ......之旅8. tell the/a story 讲故事9. put on 穿上10. a little b it 有点儿11. keep doing sth. 坚持做某事12. give up 放弃13. instead of 代替;反而14. turn .. . into 变成

15. get married 结婚16. the main character 主要人物;主人公17. at other times 在另外一些时候

18. be able to 能;会19. come out (书、电影等)出版20. become interested in. ? ? 对„„感兴趣21. walk to the other side 走到另一边去22. a fa iry tale 一个神话故事23. the rest of the story 故事的其余部分24. leave sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事25. make a plan to do sth. 筹划/计划做某事26. go to sleep 去睡觉27. lead sb. to sp. 把某人领到某地

28. get lost 迷路29. change one’s plan 改变计划30. tell sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事

31. in the moonlight 在月光下32. find one’ s way home 找到某人回家的路

33. the next day 第二天34. send sb. to sp. 派某人去某地

二、重点句型

1. W hat do you th in k about/of.. . ? So what do you th ink about the story of Yu Gong?

你觉得愚公的故事怎么样?

2. It doesn’ t seem adj . to do sth .. I t doesn’ t seem very possible to move -a mountain.

把一座山给移掉好像不太可能。

3. This is because... This is because he can make 72 changes to hisshape and size, turning himself into different animalsand objects.

这是因为他会根据他的形状和大小,做出72种变

化,可以将自己变成不同的动物或东西。

„ so„ that+从句Sometimes he can make the stick so small that he

can keep it in his ear.

有时候,他能够让他的金箍棒变得很小,以至于可以放在耳朵里。

5. It take sb. some time to do sth .. Because they were so big that it took a long time towalk to the other side.这些(山)太高了,他们要花好长时间才能翻越过去。 6 .„ not.. .. util十从句Don’ t eat it until you get to the forest.

你们到达森林之后才能吃。

Unit 7 W hat’s the highest mountain in the world?

一、重点短语

1. as big as 与„„一样大2. one of the oldest countries 最古老的国家之一3. feel free to do sth. 随意地做某事4. as far as I know 据我所知5. man-made objects 人造物体

6. part o f... ...... 的组成部分7. the highest mountain 最高的山脉8. in the w orld 在世界上9. any other mountain 其他任何一座山10. of a ll the salt lakes 在所有的咸水湖中

11. run along 跨越„ „12. freezing weather ?冰冻的天气13. take in a ir 呼吸空气

14. the firs t people to do sth. 第一个做某事的人15. in the face of difficulties 面临危险16. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事17. achieve one’ s dream 实现某人的梦想

18. the forces of nature 自然界的力量19. reach the top 到达顶峰20. even though 虽然;尽管21. at b irth 在出生的时候22. be awake 醒着23. run over w ith excitement 兴奋地跑过去24. w alk into sb. 撞到某人25. fa ll over 摔倒26. take care of 照顾;照料27. every two years ?每两年28. cut down the forests 砍伐林木29. endangered animals 濒危动物

30. fewer and fewer pandas 大熊猫越来越少31. be in danger 处于危险之中

32. the importance of saving these animals拯救这些动物的重要性

二、重点句型

1. It is -\~adj. + (fo r sb. ) to do sth.

人教版八年级英语下册知识点总结(三)
新人教版八年级英语下册各知识点归纳总结

2012年秋新人教版八年级英语下册各知识点归纳总结

Unti1 what’s the matter?

短语归纳

1.too much 太多 2.lie down 躺下

3.get an X-ray 做个X光检查 4.take one ’s temperature 量体温

5.put some medicine on ......在....上敷药 6.have a fever 发烧

7.take breaks /take a break 休息 8.without thinking twice 没多想

9.get off 下车 10.take sb to the hospital 送某人去医院

11.wait for等待 12.to one’s surprise 使.......惊讶的

thanks to多亏于;由于 14.in time及时

15.think about 考虑 16.have a heart problem患有心脏病

17.get into the trouble 遇到麻烦 18.do the right thing做正确的事情事情

19.fall down 摔倒 20.put ...... on sth把...放在某物上

21.get hit/sunburned 摔伤/烧伤 22.be interested in 对.....感兴趣

23.be used to 习惯于.... 24.take risks/take a risk 挑战

25.lose one’s life 失去生命 26.because of 因为

27.run out of 用完 28.cut off 切除

29.get out of 从...出来 30.make a decision/decisions 做决定

31.be in control of 掌管;管理 32.give up 放弃

用法归纳

1.need to do sth .需要去做某事 2.see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事

3.ask sb sth 询问某人某事 4.expect sb to do sth 期望某人做某事

5.agree to do sth 想要做某事 6.help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事

7.want to do sth 想要做某事 8.tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事

9.have problems(in) doing sth 做某事有困难 10.use sth to do sth用某物去做某事

11.be/get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事 12.seem to do sth 好像做某事

13.keep on doing sth 继续做某事 14.mind doing sth 介意做某事

语法点

1.询问某人的健康问题及遇到麻烦的表达方法

2.情态动词should的用法

情态动词should的用法

表示劝告与建议,也表义务与责任

【人教版八年级英语下册知识点总结】

第一人称问句中,征询建议要记清

3.不定代词的用法

相关阅读方法

推理判断阅读法

精细解读

1. What’s the matter (with you)? 怎么了?出什么事了?

What’s2. I had a cold.我感冒了。

have a cough咳嗽

have a stomachache胃疼,肚子疼 have a toothache牙疼 have a headache头疼

3. 身体部位+ache(疼痛)构成新的复合词

stomach+ache=stomachache head+ache=headache tooth+ache=toothache

back+ache=backache后背痛

4. much too+ 为 。

5. enough【形容、副词】足够的/地,enough放在名前后,形副后。

good enough足够好,enough money=money money

6. lie down躺下, lie 躺,躺着,过去式lay;lie说谎,过去式lied

7. maybe “或许”,常用于句首,表示可能性,后加句子。Maybe you are right.

may be,是情态动词+be的结构,意为“可能,也许”,后加名词、代词或形容词。He may be angry.

8. sound like+名词代词和从句:It sounds like you don’t know the truth. It sounds like a good idea.

sound+形容词,“听起来,好像”,The music sounds nice.

9. need 需要,实义动词need+名词,需要某物;

need to do sth.需要做某事,主语通常是人,表示人主动的动作:You need to listen carefully during class. need doing sth.主语通常是物,表示被动的动作:Your dirty clothes need washing.

10. get off (the bus) 下(公交车) get on 上车

11. agree 同意,赞同;同意做某事,同意某人的看法、观

点 。

12. trouble问题,麻烦 ;,make

trouble have trouble (in) doing sth. =have difficulties (in) doing

13. right away=right now=at once,意为。

14.【复习】 advice [不可数名词]劝告,建议,向…征求意见, give sb. advice on sth.就某事给某人建议; advise [动词 15. 【复习】exercise 动词意为,可数时意为,不可数时意为。

16. hurt 及物动词,使……疼痛,……受伤, 不及物动词,……(部位)疼。 His leg hurt badly.

17. clean 【动词】词】 ,cleaner意为 。18. hit (用手或器具)打;击打 The boy hit the dog with a stone.

hit sb. on the head/ nose/ back打某人的头、鼻子、后背,on用在所打较硬的部位;

hit sb. in the face/ eye/ stomach 打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子,in用在所打较软的部位。

19. be used to sth./ doing sth.习惯于、适应了……、做某事,强调状态;His grandpa was used to country life. Mary is not used to getting up early in the morning.

used to sth./ doing sth. “变得习惯,逐渐适应……”强调过程、动作:It’s difficult for one to get used to another country’s habit.

20. 【复习】free [形容词]空闲的free time;免费的the drink is for free;自由的I want to become a free bird. free【动词】使……解脱,得到自由He could not free his arm.

21. run out用完,用尽 When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.

物sth. tun out. 某物用尽了。 人sb. run out of物sth..人用尽了某物。He run out of all his money last night.

22. risk (sb.) to do sth. 冒险去做某事 take a risk=take risks 冒险【人教版八年级英语下册知识点总结】

23. the importance of (doing) sth.(做)某事的重要性 We students should know the importance of (learning) English.

importance n. 重要(性), important adj.重要的,unimportant adj.

24. decision 【名词】决定;抉择; make a decision to do

25. be in the control of …掌管,管理 The headmaster is in the control of this new school.

be out of control无法控制,无法管理 be under control被控制住,在控制之中

26. 【复习】mind意为the window?

27. give up (doing) sth. 放弃(做)某事,give up (playing) computer games;give up后可接名词、代词和动词ing形式,也可不接,如 Never give up easily.

二、重要短语

1. have a cold 2. have a stomachache

3. see sb. do sth. 4. shout for help 5. expect (sb.) to do sth.

6. to one’s surprise 7. thanks to …

8. think about… 9. be interested in sth. 10. lose one’s life

11. save one’s life 12. take a risk=take risks

13. cut off 14. keep on doing sth.

三、重点语法

【反身代词】英语中共有八个反身代词,在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性

【人教版八年级英语下册知识点总结】

【用法】

1. 可用作宾语,指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。

如:Maria bought herself a scarf. We must look after ourselves very well.

2. 可用作表语,指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。

如: She isn’t quite herself today.

3. 可用作主语或宾语的同位语,常用来加强语气。

如:She herself will fly to London tomorrow. I met the writer himself last week.

4. 用在某些固定短语当中。

如: look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顾自己

teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself自学

enjoy oneself 玩得高兴,过得愉快

help oneself to sth 请自用……(随便吃/喝些……).

hurt oneself摔伤自己

say to oneself自言自语

leave sb. by oneself把某人单独留下

buy oneself sth.给自己买……东西

introduce oneself 介绍……自己

【提醒】

1. 反身代词不能单独做主语,但可以做主语的同位语,起强调作用。 如:我自己能完成作业。

(误)Myself can finish my homework. (正) I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself.

2. 反身代词表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的东西”,因为它没有所有格的形式。表达“某人自己的(东西)”时,须要用one’s own.

如:我用我自己的蜡笔画画。(误)I’m drawing with myself crayons. (正) I’m drawing with my own crayons.

【练习】

1. My classmate, Li Ming, made a card for _________ just now.

2. Bad luck! I cut _________ with a knife yesterday. 3. They tell us they can look after_________ very well.

4. My cat can find food by_________ . 5. Help __________to some beef, boys. 6. Jenny enjoyed_________ in the park yesterday afternoon.

7. We can finish our homework by_________ . 8. The blind girl lost_________ in the beautiful music.

9. Xiao Hui, can you introduce _________ to us ? 10. Bill wants to teach_________ French from now on.【人教版八年级英语下册知识点总结】

Unit 2 I’ll help to clean the city parks

短语归纳

1.clean up 打扫干净 2.cheer up (使)变得更高兴;振奋起来

3.give out 分发 4. used to 曾经......;过去........

5.give away 赠送;捐赠 6.set up 建立;设立

7.make a difference 8.come up with 想出

9.put off 推迟 10.put up 张贴

11.call up 打电话给 12.help out 帮助.....摆脱困难

13.care for 照顾;照看 14.give up 放弃

15.try out for 参加选拔 16.come true 实现

17.run out of 用光 18.take after 与.....相像

19.fix up 修理 20.be similiar to 与......相似

用法归纳

1.need to do sth 需要做某事 2.make plan to do sth 制定计划做某事

3.ask sb (not ) to do sth 要求某人(不要)做某事

4.used to do sth 过去常常做某事 5.give up +时间+to do sth放弃时间做某事

6.get a feeling of.....有......感觉 7.decide to do sth 决定做某事

8.help sb (to)do sth 帮助某人做某事 9.make a difference to 对......产生影响

10.make it possible for sb to do sth 使得做某事对某人来说是可能的

单元课文出现的好句子

1. We need to come up with a plan to tell people about the city park clean-up. 我们要相处一个计划来告诉人们关于这个城市公园清洁日的事。

2.We can’t put off making a plan.我们不能推迟制定计划了

3.We could put up signs. 我们可以张贴标志牌。

拓展链接

动词+副词 短语

cheer up 使高兴起来 clean up 打扫干净 put up 张贴 mix up 修理

give away 赠送 give out 分发 give up 放弃 use up用光 get up 起床

hand in 上交 put off 推迟 pick up 捡起 think over 仔细思考 turn down 关小音量 set up 建立 set off 出发 look out 小心

人教版八年级英语下册知识点总结(四)
人教版八年级英语下册各知识点归纳总结

人教版八年级英语下册各知识点归纳总结

Unti1 what’s the matter?

短语归纳

1.too much 太多 2.lie down 躺下

3.get an X-ray 做个X光检查 4.take one ’s temperature 量体温

5.put some medicine on ......在....上敷药 6.have a fever 发烧

7.take breaks /take a break 休息 8.without thinking twice 没多想

9.get off 下车 10.take sb to the hospital 送某人去医院

11.wait for等待 12.to one’s surprise 使.......惊讶的

13.thanks to多亏于;由于 14.in time及时

15.think about 考虑 16.have a heart problem患有心脏病

17.get into the trouble 遇到麻烦 18.do the right thing做正确的事情事情

19.fall down 摔倒 20.put ...... on sth把...放在某物上

21.get hit/sunburned 摔伤/烧伤 22.be interested in 对.....感兴趣

23.be used to 习惯于.... 24.take risks/take a risk 挑战

25.lose one’s life 失去生命 26.because of 因为

27.run out of 用完 28.cut off 切除

29.get out of 从...出来 30.make a decision/decisions 做决定

31.be in control of 掌管;管理 32.give up 放弃

用法归纳

1.need to do sth .需要去做某事 2.see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事

3.ask sb sth 询问某人某事 4.expect sb to do sth 期望某人做某事

5.agree to do sth 同意做某事 6.help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事

7.want to do sth 想要做某事 8.tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事

9.have problems(in) doing sth 做某事有困难 10.use sth to do sth用某物去做某事

11.be/get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事 12.seem to do sth 好像做某事

13.keep on doing sth 继续做某事 14.mind doing sth 介意做某事

语法点

1.询问某人的健康问题及遇到麻烦的表达方法

2.情态动词should的用法

3.不定代词的用法

精细解读

1. What’s the matter (with you)? 怎么了?出什么事了?

What’s2. I had a cold.我感冒了。

have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu感冒 have a fever have a cough咳嗽 have a stomachache胃疼,肚子疼 have a toothache牙疼 have a headache头疼

3. 身体部位+ache(疼痛)构成新的复合词

stomach+ache=stomachache head+ache=headache tooth+ache=toothache back+ache=backache后背痛

4. much too+形容词或副词,意为太。。。,too much+不可数名词,意为太多。。。。

5. enough【形容、副词】足够的/地,enough放在。

good enough足够好,enough money足够的钱

6. lie down躺下, lie 躺,躺着,过去式lay;lie说谎,过去式lied

7. maybe “或许”,常用于句首,表示可能性,后加句子。Maybe you are right.

may be,是情态动词+be的结构,意为“可能,也许”,后加名词、代词或形容词。He may be angry.

8. sound like+名词代词和从句:It sounds like you don’t know the truth. It sounds like a good idea.

sound+形容词,“听起来,好像”,The music sounds nice.

9. need 需要,实义动词need+名词,需要某物;

need to do sth.需要做某事,主语通常是人,表示人主动的动作:You need to listen carefully during class.

need doing sth.主语通常是物,表示被动的动作:Your dirty clothes need washing.

10. get off (the bus) 下(公交车) get on 上车

11. agree 同意,赞同;同意做某事。

12. trouble问题,麻烦 ;make trouble 烦 ,have trouble (in) doing sth. =have difficulties (in) doing sth 做某事有困难 。

13. right away=right now=at once,意为上 。

14. run out用完,用尽 When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.

物sth. run out. 某物用尽了。 人sb. run out of sth..人用尽了某物。He run out of all his money last night.

15. risk (sb.) to do sth. 冒险去做某事 take a risk=take risks 冒险

16. the importance of (doing) sth.(做)某事的重要性 We students should know the importance of (learning) English.

importance n. 重要(性), important adj.重要的,unimportant adj.不重要的

17. decision 【名词】决定;抉择;

18. be in the control of …掌管,管理 The headmaster is in the control of this new school. be out of control无法控制,无法管理

重点语法

【反身代词】英语中共有八个反身代词,在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性

用在某些固定短语当中。

如: look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顾自己

teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself自学

enjoy oneself 玩得高兴,过得愉快

help oneself to sth 请自用……(随便吃/喝些……).

hurt oneself摔伤自己

say to oneself自言自语

leave sb. by oneself把某人单独留下

buy oneself sth.给自己买……东西

introduce oneself 介绍……自己

【提醒】

1. 反身代词不能单独做主语,但可以做主语的同位语,起强调作用。 如:我自己能完成作业。

(误)Myself can finish my homework. (正) I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself.

2. 反身代词表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的东西”,因为它没有所有格的形式。表达“某人自己的(东西)”时,须要用one’s own.

如:我用我自己的蜡笔画画。(误)I’m drawing with myself crayons. (正) I’m drawing with my own crayons.

【练习】

1. My classmate, Li Ming, made a card for _________ just now. 2. Bad luck! I cut _________ with a knife yesterday.

3. They tell us they can look after_________ very well. 4. My cat can find food by_________ . 5. Help __________to some beef, boys.

6. Jenny enjoyed_________ in the park yesterday afternoon. 7. We can finish our homework by_________ .

8. The blind girl lost_________ in the beautiful music. 9. Xiao Hui, can you introduce _________ to us ?

10. Bill wants to teach_________ French from now on.

Unit 2 I’ll help to clean the city parks

短语归纳

1.clean up 打扫干净 2.cheer up (使)变得更高兴;振奋起来

3.give out 分发 4. used to 曾经......;过去........

5.give away 赠送;捐赠 6.set up 建立;设立

7.make a difference有作为 8.come up with 想出

9.put off 推迟 10.put up 张贴

11.call up 打电话给 12.help out 帮助.....摆脱困难

13.care for 照顾;照看 14.give up 放弃

15.try out for 参加选拔 16.come true 实现

17.run out of 用光 18.take after 与.....相像

19.fix up 修理 20.be similiar to 与......相似

用法归纳

1.need to do sth 需要做某事 2.make plan to do sth 制定计划做某事

3.ask sb (not ) to do sth 要求某人(不要)做某事

4.used to do sth 过去常常做某事 5.decide to do sth 决定做某事

6.help sb (to)do sth 帮助某人做某事 7.make a difference to 对......产生影响

8.make it possible for sb to do sth 使得做某事对某人来说是可能的

拓展链接

动词+副词 短语

cheer up 使高兴起来 clean up 打扫干净 put up 张贴 mix up 修理

give away 赠送 give out 分发 give up 放弃 use up用光 get up 起床

hand in 上交 put off 推迟 pick up 捡起 think over 仔细思考 turn down 关小音量 set up 建立 set off 出发 look out 小心

动词+介词 短语

look after 照顾 belong to 属于 take after 与....相像 hear from 收到.....来信 hear of 听说 pay for 支付 wait for 等待

动词+副词+介词 短语

get out of 避免 come up with 想出 catch up with 追上赶上look forward to 期待盼望 go on with 继续

动词+名词 短语

have a rest 休息一下 take a walk 散步 make mistakes 犯错 have a try 试一下 take place 发生 tell a lie 撒谎 make a decision 做决定

动词+名词+介词 短语

have a look at 看一看 make a friend with 与.....交朋友pay attention to 注意 make fun of 取笑

Be+形容词+介词 短语

be late for 迟到 be angry with 生气 be fond of 喜欢 be good at 擅长 be good for 对...有好处 be short of 缺乏 be similiar to 与......相似 be strict with 对......严格要求 be pound of 骄傲 自豪

语法点

动词不定式归纳

只跟动词不定式做宾语的动词

决心学会有希望( decide,learn,wish,hope)

同意计划莫假装(agree,plan,pretend)

忘记拒绝会失望(forget,refuse,fail)

准备设法来帮忙(prepare,try,manage,help)

提供请求负担起(offer,beg,afford)

记得阻止理应当(remember stop,be supposed)

习题链接

1.-Tom failed the exam again

-Sorry to hear that. We should do something to .

A. cheer him up B.cheer on him C.cheer him on D.cheer uo him

2.The boys volunteer three hours up the park near their school.

A. cleaning B. to clean C. cleaned D. with cleaning

3.The woman in red a teacher.She works in a hospital now.

A. used to be B. is used to be C.was used to be D.is

4.The old man lives ,but he doesn’.

A. alone;alone B. lonely;lonely C.lonely;alone D. alone;lonely

5.Tina, I have something important you.

A.telling B.tells C.tell D.to tell

6.--The old man all his money to a charity.

A.took away B.put away C.went away D.gave away

news.

A.excited;exciting B.exciting;exciting C.excited;exciting D.exciting;excited

人教版八年级英语下册知识点总结(五)
2014年新人教版八年级下册英语各单元知识点总结

新人教版八年级下册英语知识点总结 Unit 1 Will people have robots?

1. 形容词,副词的比较等级考查热点透视:

1)表示A与B在程度上相同时,“as+形容词或副词的原级+as”结构。表示A不如B时,可用“not as\so+形容词或副词的原级+as”结构。

2)表示A与B在程度上“更…….”时,可用“形容词或副词的比较级+than”结构。

3)表示三者或三者以上的比较,其中一个在程度上“最……”时。常用“the+形容词或副词的最高级”结构,后面可带“of\in的短语”来说明比较的范围。(注意:副词的最高级在句中常省略“the”。)

4)在形容词或副词的比较级前,可以用“a little, even, far, much, still”等词语来修饰,以加强语气。

5)表示“越来越…..”时,常用“形容词或副词的比较级+and+形容词或副词的比较级”结构,但要注意,对于多音节和部分双音节形容词。副词而言,若要表达此意时,要用“more and more + 形容词或副词的原级”结构。

6)在表示“其中最……之一”的含义时,常使用“one of + the + 形容词最高级形式 + 名词复数”结构,其中的定冠词the不可以省略。

7)如果强调“两者中比较……的(一个)”的意思时,可使用“the + 形容词比较级 + 其它”结构。

8)表示“越…..越…..”,可使用“the + 形容词或副词的比较级,the +形容词或副词的比较级”结构。

2. 一般将来时:

1)一般将来时的构成:由助动词shall 或will 加动词原形构成,shall 用于第一人称,will用于各种人称,will 在名词或代词后常省略为 ’ll,will not = won’t. 这个时态的肯定,否定和疑问结构可表示如下:

2)一般将来时的用法:表示将要发生的动作或情况;不以人的意志为转移,肯定要发生的事情。The day after tomorrow will be National Day. 后天是国庆日。

3. in \ after:in 是以现在时间为起点的“在一段时间以后”,也可以表示“在将来多少时间之内”,句子中的谓语动词要用一般将来时态;after常指以过去时间为起点的“一段时间之后”,所以它与过去时态连用。当after指某个特定的未来时刻或日期之后,或指以将来某一时间为起点的若干时间之后时,它可以与将来时态连用。

4. more, less, fewer的用法区别:more为many, much 的比较级,意为“更多”,可修饰可数与不可数名词。many + 可数名词的复数;much + 不可数名词;less 是little 的比较级,意为“更好,较少”,后接不可数名词;fewer 是few 的比较级,意为“更少”,后接可数名词复数。(注意:few, little 表示否定“几乎没有”;a few, a little 表示肯定“一点,几个”)

5. would like sth 意思为“想要某物”;would like to do 意思为“想要做某事”。回答would like 句型的一般疑问句时,其肯定回答为“Yes, please.”; 否定回答“No, thanks.”或“I’d like \ love to, but ……”

6. such 作形容词,意思是“如此的”“这样的”,修饰各种名词。

1)such这样的 It is such bad weather. 天气如此恶劣。

2)such 常和as搭配,表示一种类别。 We enjoy such a voice as hers. 我们喜欢象她那样的嗓子。

3)such常和表示结果的that 从句搭配,表示“如此……以至于…..” It was such a hot day that we all had to stay at home. 天气今天如此热,以至于我们全天必须呆在家里。

4)such ….. that ….. 和so….. that ….. 都可用来引出一个结果状语从句。由于such 是形容词,所以that 从句前有一个受such修饰的名词;而so是副词,用以修饰形容词或副词,因此that从句前一般不出现名词。They are such kind-hearted teachers that people in the village all respect them. 他们是如此心善的老师,在乡村人们全部都尊敬他们。

The exam was so difficult that many students failed to pass it. 考试如此的困难,以至于许多的孩子们 a) 如果名词是可数名词的单数形式,such和so的位置不同:such + a \ an + 形容词 + 单数名词; so + 形容词 + a \ an + 单数名词。 b) 如果名词是不可数名词或名词复数,只可用such,不能用so:such + 形容词 + 不可数名词或复数名词

c) 如果被修饰的不可数名词被much, little, 或复数名词被many, few等表示量的形容词修饰时,用so,不用such. d) 当little 表示“年纪小的”时。可用such + little + 名词。

7. be able to 为“能,会”,表示能力,在这个意义上与can的意思相同,一般情况下两者可以互换,但can只有现在式和过去式(could)而be able to 则用于更多的时态,主要体现在be的变化。两者在用法上有一些差异:can \ could 表示主观能力不表示意愿,它的将来时用will be able to, 而be able to 表示主观意愿强调克服困难做事情。

Unit 2 What should I do?

1. loud是形容词,loud-louder-loudest意思是“响亮的”;作副词时,常与talk, sing, laugh等词连用,如speak loud; loudly“大声地”带有喧闹的意味,常用来修饰shout, cry, call, knock等动词,通常没有比较级和最高级,作状语;aloud副词,出生地,大声地,仅指发出声音(以使能被听得见)。

2. enough为形容词,意思是“足够的”;enough + n 修饰名词;adj \ adv + enough 修饰形容词或副词;enough to do 足够做某事

3. present, gift 礼物:gift 带有一定的感情色彩,通常指昂贵的“礼物”,强调送礼人的诚意,有时有“捐赠”之意,多用于正式场合;present指为表达情谊,敬意或出于礼节,在某特定时刻或场合赠送的“礼物”,此礼物价值不一定高。make sb a present of 把...作为礼物送给

4. borrow, lend: borrow“借入”,借给“即说话人向他人借东西 borrow sth. from sb.; lend“借出,借给”即说话人把自己的东西借给他人lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb.

5. except, besides除…..之外:except 除了….都,besides强调“除了…..之外还有…..”在no one, nobody, nothing等词后加介词but也表示“除了”。

6. find out, find, look for: find out“找出,发现,查明”多指通过调查,询问,打听,研究之后搞清楚,弄明白或指找出较难找到的,无形的抽象的东西;find“找到,发现”通常指找到或发现有形的东西也可指偶然发现某物的某种情况,强调找的结果;look for“寻找”强调动作。

7. talk about谈到,谈论;talk of谈到,说到;have a talk with与….谈谈,做报告;talk to sb.对….谈话;talk with sb.与…..交谈;talk to sb. 和talk with sb. 均表示“和某人谈话”,“讲话”;talk to sb. 比较常用,侧重一方谈,一方听;talk with sb.侧重双方交谈;talk about sb. 则表示“谈论某人”。

8. miss 和lose:miss意思为“发现丢失”“觉得不在”;lose意思为“丢失”“失去”。在本质上,miss是一种主观感觉,而lose是一种客观结果。

9. be used to doing 习惯于做某事;used to do过去常常,暗含与现在明显的不同,只用于过去时;be used to do 是use 的被动语态,意思是…..被用来做某事。

10. own 与have:own强调的是拥有,占有某物为自己的财产,但所占有的东西目前不一定是由人使用,强调所有权;have为普通动词,表示的所有关系。of one’s own 完全属于某人自己的;on one’s own独立地,自愿地;with one’s own ears亲耳

11. attend, join, take part in:attend“出席,参加,上学”,attend school上学;attend meeting出席会议;take part in参加,是指参与某项活动;take an active in积极参加;join参加,当join用于加入某个团体或组织,成为其中的一员,后面直接跟名词,当join表示参加某项活动时后面跟介词in.

Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived?

1. 过去进行时:

1)过去进行时由“was \ were +动词ing”形式构成。以动词work为例,其肯定式,否定式,疑问式以及简略答语见下表:

肯定式:I \ He \ It was working. We \ You \ They were working.

否定式:I \ He \ It was not working. We \ You \ They were not working.

疑问式和简略回答:Was I working? Yes, you were. Was he working? No, he wasn’t. 注意:was not 常省略为wasn’t;were not常省略为weren’t

2)过去进行时的用法:过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。这一特定的过去时间,除有上下文暗示以外,一般用时间状语来表示。

2. not…..until直到…..才;表示动作在某时之前尚未开始,直到此时动作才开始。not….until可以用after或when来代替,但主句谓语动词要用肯定形式。Until为连词时后接时间状语从句,until做介词时,后面接表示时间的名词。until用于肯定句多表示动作或状态一直持续到until所表示的时间为止,意思为“直到…..”;from….till….中till往往表示不太具体的时间;from…..to….或from….until常用来表示具体的时间。

3. find it …. to do, it 在此句中为形式宾语代表动词不定式,动词不定式为真正的宾语,常用于这种用法的动词有find, feel, think, make等。

4. “疑问句 + 不定式”结构相当于一个名词从句,常常可用同等成分的从句代替。改写时,只需在疑问词后面加一个适当的主语(这个主语一般与主句的主语一致),并将不定式改成适当形式的谓语即可。Where to go is still a question. = Where we should go is still a question.

5. when与while:when连接的状语从句是个特殊句型,“前一个分句(谓语动词用过去进行时)+when(做并列连词,意思为“这时,突然”)+后一个分句(谓语动词用一般过去时)”表示在前一个动作正在进行的过程中突然发生了后一个动作,when强调动作的突然性,when后面的动词为非延续性动词;while表示“在….过程中”,强调在一段时间内,所以while引导的从句中的谓语动词必须为延续性动词。在状语从句中,若从句放在句首,应用逗号与主句隔开。

6. 感叹句的构成:What + a \ an + adj + 单数名词 + 谓语!What a good book it is!

What + adj + 复数名词 + 主语 + 谓语!What easy questions they are! What + adj + 不可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语!What cold weather it is! How + adj + 主语 + be动词! How nice the watch is!

How + adv + 主语 + 谓语! How hard they are working!

7. take, place, happen“发生”:take place指“发生事先计划或预想到的事物”;happen指“一切客观事情或情况的偶然或未能预见地发生”。两者都是不及物动词或短语,后面不能跟宾语,也不能用于被动语态;happen的意义很广泛,而take place仅用于历史上的事件,集会

等,是先行布置而后发生或举行的事件,它不用于地震等自然界得现象。happen to do巧遇;sth happens to sb某人遭遇某事

8. 不定代词all, both, each, every与not连用,只表示部分否定,在否定句中用and连接两个宾语,表语,定语,状语时,只表示部分否定,并且否定and后面的部分;如用or连接句中两个部分,则表示全部否定。She isn’t a bright and beautiful girl. 她并不是一个既聪明又漂亮的女孩。(部分否定)She isn’t a bright or beautiful girl. 她是一个既不聪明又不漂亮的女孩。(全部否定)

Unit 4 He said I was hard—working.

1. 在陈述句中直接引语或间接引语的转换:

1)直接引语:说话人直接引用别人的原话。

2)间接引语:说话人用自己的话把别人的意思转述出来。

3)直接引语一般前后要加引号;间接引语不用引号。

4)规则:(1)人称变化:从句中的第一人称多改为第三人称;第二人称根据情况改为第一或第三人称;第三人称不变.

(2) 时态变化:如果主句和谓语动词是一般过去时,直接引语变为间接引语时从句的谓语动

如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时,直接引语变为间接引语时,从句的动词时态保持不变;直接引语如果是客观真理变为间接引语时,时态保持不变.

(3) 其他指示代词,时间状语,地点状语和动词等的变化.直接引语中的一些指示代词,时间状语和地点状语须作相应的变化:

tomorrow。如果转述的动作发生在当天,无需改变;如果转述的动作不在当天,则需将tomorrow变为the next day.

2. habit, practice, custom:habit 指“个人由于自然条件,社会环境,爱好或经常接触而导致

可以为常的行为或特性”;practice语气比habit弱,指“个人或大家都习惯了的做法或工作与生活的方式。”custom指“经过一段时期在某人,地区或社会中形成的传统习惯或风俗。”

3. bring, take, carry:bring指“从别处把东西或人带来”“拿来”,表示将人或物带到或拿到说话者所在的位置的这个动作;take指“把东西带走或拿走”,表示将人或物拿开或带离说话者所在的位置的这个动作;carry指“随身携带(不说明方向)有时含有负担的意思”。

4. surprise用法:1)surprise作名词,表示“惊奇,诧异”;2)surprise作及物动词(后接某人作宾语)表示“使…..惊奇”;surprise的过去分词作表语,表示“感到惊奇”;to one’s surprise表示“使….吃惊的是”;be surprised at sth \ sb表示“对….感到惊奇”。

5. however与but:两者均可作“但是,然而”,而且都引出并列分句。从语义上看,but所表示的是非常明显的对比,转折的意味比however要强;从语法上看,but是并列连词,而however却是连接副词;从语序上看,but总是位于所引出的分句前,而however却可位于句首,句中和句末,但是译成汉语时一定要把它放在分句之首;从标点符号上看,but之后一般不使用逗号,而however则必须用逗号分开。However当连词用时,“无论以何种方式,不管怎样”,引导让步状语从句。

6. first, at first与first of all:1)first可以做副词,意思是.“首先,第一次,最初地”,指第一次做某事或首先做某事,first还可以用作形容词,意思是“第一的,最初的,主要的,一流的”,first作名词,意思是“首要,第一,最初”;2)at first的意思是“起初,当初”,指刚刚开始做某事的时候,暗示后来的情况有所改变;3)first of all的意思是“第一,最初,首先”,同first的用法相同,但语气上比first要强,常常用来加强语气。

7. true, real:true意思为“真的”“真正的”,强调与实际相符,它与real相对.与to 连用,意思是”忠实的”, true用作名词,与定冠词the 连用,表示”真实,真理”等;real无此意. Real 是形容词,强调客观存在的”真实””实在”, 不是想象的.

8. above, on, over: 三者都有”在…上”之意. 1) on 表示两者上下紧贴在一起, 2) over 表示一种直接的垂直概念,但没有上下紧贴的意思,反义词为under. 3) above 既不表示垂直的下下概念,也无相互紧贴的意思,反义词是 below.

Unit5 If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time.

1. If引导的条件状语从句:

1) 构成: if 引导的条件状语从句表示”如果…”. 构成形式为”主句+一般将来时时态+if从句+一般现在时态”,或”If从句+一般现在时态,主句+一般将来时态”.

2)用法:表示假设或条件

2. half与half of 的用法:

1)half the class中的”half”为形容词,意思”一半的,半个的”

2)“half of+代词/the+名词”中的half为名词,意思为”一半,半个”.当该结构在句子作主语时,谓语动词必须和该词组中的代词或名词保持数的一致.即当代词或名词为单数时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式;若所接名词或代词为复数,则谓语动词用复数形式.

3. all the time与always: all the time是个副词性的短语,意思为”一直” “始终”,表示某一特定阶段开始一直到结束,不表示频度,多置于句末.除此,all the time还有”不断”的意思;always为表示频度的副词,意思为”总是”,表示动作的反复,状态的继续,中间没有间断,其反义词为never.它与进行时态连用时,常翻译成”总是”,”老是”,带有赞美,厌烦,不满等感情色彩.

4. enough 的用法:

1)enough to do sth 表示”足够…可以做…”

2)enough 也可以用”for+宾语+to do sth 的结构;

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