2016年政府工作报告英文版学习笔记

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　中国招生考试网www.chinazhaokao.com  小编精心为大家整理了2016年政府工作报告英文版学习笔记，希望对你有帮助。

　2016年政府工作报告英文版学习笔记

　　《政府工作报告》通常由工作回顾、工作任务、政府自身建设 、外交和国际形势等部分组成，基本上可以涵盖各方面的大略内容。CATTI 基本不会直接考报告，但汉译英试题风格较为接近。所以一般来说，准备 CATTI 系列考试，至少应该适当了解一些常规的语言表述。为避免被广为诟病的“中式英语”影响，建议搭配《中式英语之鉴》学习。

　　免攻击声明：译文为官方发布版本;解析为个人学习整理;仅供参考。全文中英对照及2015年笔记可到博客 gocatti.com 查阅。

　　2016年政府工作报告

　　REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT

　　——2016年3月5日在第十二届全国人民代表大会第四次会议上

　　Delivered at the Fourth Session of the 12th National People’s Congress of

　　the People’s Republic of China on March 5, 2016

　　国务院总理 李克强

　　Li Keqiang Premier of the State Council

　　各位代表：

　　现在，我代表国务院，向大会报告政府工作，请予审议，并请全国政协各位委员提出意见。

　　Esteemed Deputies,

　　On behalf of the State Council, I will now report to you on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval. I invite comments on my report from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).

　　冠词使用：the State Council,

　　政协委员 the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference

　　Deliberation /dɪˌlɪbəˈreɪʃən/

　　Deliberation is the long and careful consideration of a subject. 仔细的考虑

　　例：In this house nothing is there by chance: it is always the result of great deliberation.

　　在这房子里，没有什么东西是偶然的——总是非常仔细考虑后的结果。

　　一、2015年工作回顾

　　Let me start with a review of the work we did in 2015.

　　过去一年，我国发展面临多重困难和严峻挑战。在以习近平同志为总书记的党中央坚强领导下，全国各族人民以坚定的信心和非凡的勇气，攻坚克难，开拓进取，经济社会发展稳中有进、稳中有好，完成了全年主要目标任务，改革开放和社会主义现代化建设取得新的重大成就。

　　In the past year, China has encountered many difficulties and challenges in its development. However, under the leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, and with confidence and courage, all the people of China have worked to overcome obstacles and have pressed ahead with a pioneering spirit. As a result, progress has been achieved and stability ensured in economic and social development, the main tasks and targets for the year have been fulfilled, and major achievements have been made in reform, opening up, and socialist modernization.

　　全国各族人民 all the people of China

　　攻坚克难 overcome obstacles

　　开拓进取 press ahead with a pioneering spirit

　　——经济运行保持在合理区间。国内生产总值达到67.7万亿元，增长6.9%，在世界主要经济体中位居前列。

　　— The economy operated within an appropriate range. GDP reached 67.7 trillion yuan, representing an increase of 6.9% over the previous year - a growth rate faster than that of most other major economies.

　　[多信息英译 | 分句过多]

　　分词 ing + 独立主格 + with + or + 定语从句 ··· 等联用

　　[好用词汇] representing

　　根据 沈园《从政府工作报告的翻译谈中译英的几个问题》，报告汉译英过程典型问题为 ：

　　1) 汉语无主句的问题 ;

　　2)新旧信息分布的问题 ;

　　3)汉语名词短语 前过长过多的修饰语 ;

　　4)汉语并列句多，不分主从关系 ;

　　5)汉语多次重复用 词 。

　　其中第四和第五是最难的，也建议大家在学习时重点关注。

　　粮食产量实现“十二连增”，居民消费价格涨幅保持较低水平。

　　Food crop production increased for the 12th year in a row. Consumer prices grew slowly.

　　粮食产量 Food crop production

　　连续 in a row

　　特别是就业形势总体稳定，城镇新增就业1312万人，超过全年预期目标，成为经济运行的一大亮点

　　Of particular note, the employment situation overall remained stable, with 13.12 million new urban jobs created over the course of the year, surpassing the year’s target and becoming an economic highlight.

　　[典型多分句案例]

　　译文框架：主谓宾 + with + ing + and + ing

　　特别是 Of particular note

　　经济运行的一大亮点 an economic highlight

　　超过 surpass / overtake (见下文)

　　——结构调整取得积极进展。服务业在国内生产总值中的比重上升到50.5%，首次占据“半壁江山”。

　　— Encouraging progress was made in structural adjustment.

　　The service sector as a proportion of GDP rose to 50.5%, accounting for more than half for the first time.

　　积极进展 Encouraging progress

　　结构调整 structural adjustment

　　服务业在国内生产总值中的比重 The service sector as a proportion of GDP

　　消费对经济增长的贡献率达到66.4%。高技术产业和装备制造业增速快于一般工业。单位国内生产总值能耗下降5.6%。

　　The contribution of consumption toward economic growth reached 66.4%. High-tech industries and equipment manufacturing grew faster than other industries. Energy consumption per unit of GDP fell by 5.6%.

　　下降 ··· fall by

　　高技术产业 High-tech industries

　　装备制造业 equipment manufacturing

　　单位国内生产总值能耗 Energy consumption per unit of GDP

　　消费对经济增长的贡献率 The contribution of consumption toward economic growth

　　——发展新动能加快成长。创新驱动发展战略持续推进，互联网与各行业加速融合，新兴产业快速增长。

　　— New driving forces for development grew rapidly. Further progress was made in implementing the strategy of innovation-driven development, the penetration of the Internet into all industries picked up pace, and emerging industries grew rapidly.

　　加速 pick up pace

　　快速增长 grow rapidly

　　大众创业、万众创新蓬勃发展，全年新登记注册企业增长21.6%，平均每天新增1.2万户。

　　Business startups and innovations by the general public flourished, with the number of newly registered businesses rising by 21.6% in 2015, or an average of 12,000 new businesses per day.

　　增长 rise

　　蓬勃发展 flourish

　　大众创业、万众创新 Business startups and innovations by the general public

　　新动能对稳就业、促升级发挥了突出作用，正在推动经济社会发生深刻变革。

　　New driving forces played a major role in keeping employment stable and pushing ahead industry upgrading, and are now driving profound economic and social change in China.

　　推动 drive

　　促升级 push ahead industry upgrading

　　发挥了突出作用 play a major role

　　——人民生活进一步改善。全国居民人均可支配收入实际增长7.4%，快于经济增速。

　　— Living standards improved. Personal per capita disposable income increased by 7.4% in real terms, overtaking the growth rate of the economy.

　　快于 overtake： If someone or something overtakes a competitor, they become more successful than them. 超过

　　Lung cancer has now overtaken breast cancer as a cause of death for women in the U.S.

　　肺癌作为一种美国女性死亡原因现已超过了乳腺癌。

　　去年末居民储蓄存款余额增长8.5%，新增4万多亿元。又解决6434万农村人口饮水安全问题。扶贫攻坚力度加大，农村贫困人口减少1442万人。

　　By the end of last year, personal savings deposits had risen by 8.5%, an increase of more than four trillion yuan. In rural areas, another 64.34 million people gained access to safe drinking water and greater alleviation efforts reduced the number of people living in poverty by 14.42 million.

　　“扶贫攻坚力度加大，农村贫困人口减少1442万人。” 翻译时将前半句动作转化成名词形式，减少动词使用量。

　　科技领域一批创新成果达到国际先进水平，第三代核电技术取得重大进展，国产C919大型客机总装下线，屠呦呦获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。

　　A number of world-class innovations were made in science and technology. Major headway was made in the development of 3G nuclear power technology, China’s self-developed C919 large jetliner rolled off the assembly line, and Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine.

　　国际先进水平 world-class

　　取得重大进展 Major headway was made in···

　　第三代核电技术 3G nuclear power technology

　　诺贝尔生理学或医学奖 the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine

　　对我国发展取得的成就，全国各族人民倍感振奋和自豪!回顾过去一年，成绩来之不易。

　　These achievements in China’s development, a source of pride and motivation for our people, did not come easily.

　　这些成绩，是在极为复杂严峻的国际环境中取得的。去年世界经济增速为6年来最低，国际贸易增速更低，大宗商品价格深度下跌，国际金融市场震荡加剧，对我国经济造成直接冲击和影响。

　　They were made in the context of an extremely complicated and challenging international environment. In 2015, world economic growth fell to its lowest rate in six years, growth in international trade slowed, commodity prices plummeted, and there was growing volatility in the global financial market. All this had a direct impact on China’s economy.

　　去年世界经济增速为6年来最低 world economic growth fell to its lowest rate in six years

　　深度下跌 plummet

　　震荡加剧 growing volatility

　　[All this had a direct impact on China’s economy.]

　　总结句常见的翻译处理方法：All this | By doing so 等等。

　　这些成绩，是在国内深层次矛盾凸显、经济下行压力加大的情况下取得的。

　　They were made at the same time as deep-seated domestic problems were becoming prominent and downward pressure on the economy was mounting.

　　面对“三期叠加”的局面，经济工作遇到不少两难甚至多难问题，需要远近结合，趋利避害，有效应对。

　　While dealing with the slowdown in economic growth, making difficult structural adjustments, and absorbing the effects of previous economic stimulus policies, China was also confronted with many difficult problems and choices in the running of the economy, and this called for effective responses based on the need both to combine long-term and short-term considerations and to seek benefit and avoid harm.

　　趋利避害 seek benefit and avoid harm

　　经济工作 the running of the economy

　　需要 call for

　　远近结合 combine long-term and short-term considerations

　　这些成绩，是在我国经济总量超过60万亿元的高基数上取得的。

　　Finally, they were made at a time when China’s economic output had exceeded 60 trillion yuan.

　　此句翻译时避开了原文框架，避开在·····基数上，而是用时间 at a time when 来替换。

　　现在国内生产总值每增长1个百分点的增量，相当于5年前1.5个百分点、10年前2.5个百分点的增量。经济规模越大，增长难度随之增加。

　　Every percentage point of GDP growth today is equivalent to 1.5 percentage points of growth five years ago or 2.5 percentage points of growth ten years ago. The larger the economy grows, the greater the difficulty of achieving growth.

　　在困难和压力面前，全国各族人民付出了极大辛劳，一步一步走了过来。这再次表明，任何艰难险阻都挡不住中国发展前行的步伐!

　　In the face of these difficulties and pressures, all our people have truly exerted themselves and progressed step by step to get us where we are today. This once again demonstrates that no difficulty or hardship will ever stop China from moving forward.

　　Exert：If you exert yourself, you make a great physical or mental effort, or work hard to do something. 耗费 (自己的精力)

　　Do not exert yourself unnecessarily.不要无谓地耗费自己的精力。

　　一年来，我们主要做了以下工作：

　　I will now move on to discuss the main work we did last year:

　　一是着力稳增长调结构防风险，创新宏观调控方式。

　　First, we maintained stable growth, made structural adjustments, guarded against risks, and developed new ways of conducting macro regulation.

　　稳增长 maintain stable growth

　　调结构 make structural adjustments

　　防风险 guard against risks

　　宏观调控 conduct macro regulation

　　为应对持续加大的经济下行压力，我们在区间调控基础上，实施定向调控和相机调控。

　　In responding to the mounting downward pressure on the economy, we exercised targeted and well-timed regulation on the basis of range-based regulation.

　　应对 In responding to

　　实施 exercise

　　持续加大的 mounting

　　经济下行压力 downward pressure on the economy

　　相机调控 well-timed regulation

　　积极的财政政策注重加力增效，扩大结构性减税范围，实行普遍性降费，盘活财政存量资金。

　　We adopted proactive fiscal policy that focused on increasing intensity and efficacy by expanding the scope of structural tax reductions, reducing fees across the board, and putting dormant budgetary funds to good use.

　　积极的财政政策，翻译偏正短语打头的句子，适当转化成主谓形式。

　　We adopted proactive fiscal policy ····

　　分句多的汉语句子，翻译时先讲结果，再说方式途径;或先宏观后微观。

　　We (做什么事)··· by doing ···and ···(措施)

　　加力增效 increase intensity and efficacy

　　结构性减税 structural tax reductions

　　盘活 put ··· to good use

　　普遍 across the board

　　Efficacy /ˈɛfɪkəsɪ/ 功效

　　Recent medical studies confirm the efficacy of a healthier lifestyle.

　　近来的医学研究证实了更健康的生活方式的功效。

　　发行地方政府债券置换存量债务3.2万亿元，降低利息负担约2000亿元，减轻了地方政府偿债压力。

　　Local government bonds issued to replace outstanding debt reached 3.2 trillion yuan, lessening the interest payment burden of local governments by approximately 200 billion yuan while also reducing their debt repayment pressure.

　　多分句处理：while 替换 and

　　By，表示幅度，无论下降还是增长多少都要用这个词。

　　表示···是···的意义时，reach, report, stand at, register 等鲜活有力的动词替换 is/am/are

　　存量债务 outstanding debt

　　偿债压力 debt repayment pressure

　　降低 lessen

　　Outstanding 尚未解决的

　　We still have some outstanding issues to resolve before we'll have a treaty that is ready to sign.

　　我们在签署这份条约之前还有一些悬而未决的问题要解决。

　　稳健的货币政策注重松紧适度，多次降息降准，改革存贷比管理，创新货币政策工具，加大对实体经济支持力度。

　　We pursued prudent monetary policy with an appropriate amount of intensity, making several cuts to interest rates and required reserve ratios, reforming management of the loan-to-deposit ratio, creating new monetary policy tools, and increasing support for the real economy.

　　松紧适度 an appropriate amount of intensity

　　存贷比 the loan-to-deposit ratio

　　扩大有效投资，设立专项基金，加强水利、城镇棚户区和农村危房改造、中西部铁路和公路等薄弱环节建设。

　　Effective investment increased, special-purpose funds were established, and development was strengthened in areas in need of attention, including water conservancy, rundown urban areas and dilapidated rural housing, and railways and highways in the central and western regions.

　　水利 water conservancy

　　城镇棚户区 rundown urban areas

　　农村危房 dilapidated rural housing

　　铁路和公路 railways and highways

　　Dilapidate [di'læpideit] (如由于使用不当或缺乏保养)使(部分)破损(或破掉、破败、坍毁);使倾坍[常用被动语态]

　　The building had been dilapidated by neglect.

　　这座大楼因失修而圮毁。

　　实施重点领域消费促进工程，城乡居民旅游、网购、信息消费等快速增长。

　　Consumer spending was promoted in key areas, spurring rapid growth in spending on recreational travel, online shopping, and information goods and services.

　　添加逻辑结构关系: spurring，增加英文句子内部联系。

　　旅游 recreational travel

　　去年还积极应对股市、汇市异常波动等金融领域的多种风险挑战，守住了不发生系统性区域性风险的底线，维护了国家经济金融安全。

　　In 2015, we also responded proactively to a variety of risks and challenges in the financial sector, such as unusual fluctuations in the stock market and the foreign exchange market, ensuring that no systemic or regional threats arose, thus safeguarding China’s economic and financial security.

　　thus 引导总结陈述，适用于“措施+结果”类型。

　　积极应对 respond proactively to

　　二是围绕激发市场活力，加大改革开放

　　Second, we intensified reform and opening up to invigorate the market.

　　激发市场活力 invigorate the market

　　译文对原文进行了深度加工，主要是从意思上把握。很多公文文章，水分较多，其中的大力、高度、围绕、结合、全面等等字眼，往往是为行文押韵、规整强行添加。翻译时，可以酌情省略，避免重复累赘。

　　最近在做一些项目，校对稿件时发现很多翻译太专注于文字本身，仅理解为字对字的语言转换。个人更倾向于翻译是信息转换，不能停留在语言表面。

　　我们不搞“大水漫灌”式的强刺激，而是持续推动结构性改革。深入推进简政放权、放管结合、优化服务改革。

　　Rather than adopting strong stimulus policies that would have an economy-wide impact, we continued to move forward with structural reform. We intensified reform to streamline administration, delegate more powers, improve regulation, and provide better services.

　　强刺激 strong stimulus

　　结构性改革 structural reform

　　简政放权 streamline administration, delegate more powers

　　按照《中式英语之鉴》的观点，译文中的 move forward 可以删去。因为它本身没有多么大的意思，必须带上后面的 structural reform 才能表达实质意义。加上之后，既增加了字数，又减弱了信息表达。这里直接用continue with 也可以。

　　例如

　　The company, which employs 550 people, will continue with year-round production at its Redgrave plant.

　　I went up to my room to continue with my packing.

　　我上我房间去继续收拾行李。

　　The politburo decided to continue with the stimulus remedy, a sign that it believes not enough have been done despite the 7.1% growth number.

　　取消和下放311项行政审批事项，取消123项职业资格许可和认定事项，彻底终结了非行政许可审批。

　　We delegated the power or cancelled the requirement for government review for 311 items, cancelled the requirement for verification or approval for 123 professional qualifications, and put a complete stop to the practice of non-administrative review.

　　行政审批 government review

　　非行政许可审批 non-administrative review

　　彻底终结 put a complete stop to

　　工商登记前置审批精简85%，全面实施三证合一、一照一码。加强事中事后监管，优化公共服务流程。

　　The number of items which require government approval for new businesses prior to registration was cut by 85%, and the system of a separate business license, organization code certificate, and taxation registration certificate was replaced by a unified business license with a unified social credit code. Both operational and post-operational oversight over businesses were strengthened, and public service procedures were improved.

　　事中事后监管 operational and post-operational oversight

　　【“三证合一”】：就是将企业依次申请的工商营业执照、组织机构代码证和税务登记证三证合为一证，提高市场准入效率。

　　the system of a separate business license, organization code certificate, and taxation registration certificate was replaced by a unified business license with a unified social credit code.

　　【“一照一码”】：通过“一口受理、并联审批、信息共享、结果互认”，实现由一个部门核发加载统一社会信用代码的营业执照。

　　a unified business license with a unified social credit code.

　　从考试角度来说“三证合一”难度较大，一般不会考到。从实际应用角度来说，说不定会用到。笔译还好，如果是做口译，领导或者外宾什么都可能讲到，而且有时候不只是简单一提，而是深入分析，这时就需要翻译有足够的知识储备。

　　群众和企业办事更加方便，全社会创业创新热情日益高涨。

　　Government-related procedures for individuals and businesses were made much simpler, such that enthusiasm for stepping out into business and making innovations is rising by the day.

　　办事，理解为办理各类手续 Government-related procedures。

　　Such that: 因此，表示结果，一种清新脱俗的感觉。这类词需要多从外刊积累，避免十年如一日地使用 so that 或者 in order to。多看国内各类公文英译也可以，毕竟是外交部或者外文局发布，他们也是很努力摆脱翻译套路，值得多借鉴。

　　We trade our labor for the the things we want, such that supply and demand always balance.

　　We need a breakthrough such that our hybrid social service system can produce better results at lower costs.

　　财税金融等重点改革深入推进。中央对地方专项转移支付项目减少三分之一，一般性转移支付规模增加。营改增稳步实施，资源税从价计征范围扩大。

　　Fiscal, tax, financial, and other key reforms were deepened. The central government cut, by one third, the number of items for which special transfer payments are permitted, while scaling up its general transfer payments. Steady progress was made in replacing business tax with VAT. Ad valorem taxation was extended to cover more types of resource taxes.

　　By one third，用好插入语，可以让汉译英更灵活生动。

　　范围扩大，避免 the coverage is extended，多用 extend。简洁生动有力为上。

　　Ad valorem /æd vəˈlɔːrəm/

　　从价征税 in proportion to the estimated value of the goods taxed

　　从价计征，即以课税对象的自然数量与单位价格的乘积为计税依据，按这种方法计征的税种称从价税。

　　增加: scale up

　　a major push to scale up treatment programmes for people in poor countries.

　　一项为贫困国家人民增加医疗项目的重大努力。

　　取消存款利率浮动上限，推出存款保险制度，建立人民币跨境支付系统。价格改革力度加大，中央政府定价项目减少80%，地方政府定价项目减少一半以上。

　　The upper limit of the floating band on deposit rates was removed, the deposit insurance system was introduced, and the RMB cross-border payment system was established. Pricing reform was intensified, with the number of central government set prices reduced by 80% and the number of local government set prices cut by more than 50%.

　　人民币跨境支付系统 the RMB cross-border payment system

　　存款利率 deposit rates

　　存款保险 deposit insurance

　　Band：A band is a range of numbers or values within a system of measurement. (测量的) 范围

　　For an initial service, a 10 megahertz-wide band of frequencies will be needed.

　　初期制动将需要10兆赫兹宽的频带。

　　国有企业、农村、投融资、生态文明等领域改革有序推进，全面深化改革的成效正在显现。

　　We carried out state-owned enterprise (SOE) reforms, rural reforms, and investment and financing reforms, ecological management reforms, and others. Efforts to intensify reform in all respects are beginning to deliver results.

　　取得成效 deliver results

　　坚持以开放促改革促发展。努力稳定对外贸易，调整出口退税负担机制，清理规范进出口环节收费，提高贸易便利化水平，出口结构发生积极变化。

　　Momentum was created for reform and development through opening up. We worked hard to keep foreign trade stable by adjusting the mechanism for sharing the cost of export tax rebates between the central and local governments, overhauling and regulating charges for imports and exports, increasing trade facilitation, and making changes to the export mix.

　　退税 tax rebates

　　Overhaul 彻底检查，仔细检验

　　I was overhauled last week.

　　上周我进行了一次全面性的体检。

　　提高贸易便利化水平 = increasing trade facilitation，省略范畴词“水平”

　　外商投资限制性条目减少一半，95%以上实行备案管理，实际使用外资1263亿美元，增长5.6%。 The number of restrictions on overseas investment in China was cut by 50%, and over 95% of overseas-funded projects may now be undertaken on a simple reporting basis. China utilized US$126.3 billion of overseas investment, an increase of 5.6%.

　　外商投资 overseas investment (没有直接体现“商”，避免生硬)

　　95%以上实行备案管理 over 95% of overseas-funded projects (增译 projects)

　　非金融类对外直接投资1180亿美元，增长14.7%。推广上海自贸试验区经验，新设广东、天津、福建自贸试验区。人民币加入国际货币基金组织特别 提款权货币篮子。

　　Non-financial outward foreign direct investment reached $118 billion, up 14.7%. Pilot free trade zones were established in Guangdong, Tianjin, and Fujian based on the model of the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone. The RMB was included in the IMF’s Special Drawing Rights basket.

　　增长14.7% up 14.7%人民币 The RMB

　　特别 提款权货币篮子 Special Drawing Rights basket

　　亚洲基础设施投资银行正式成立，丝路基金投入运营。签署中韩、中澳自贸协定和中国-东盟自贸区升级议定书。

　　The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank was officially inaugurated, and the Silk Road Fund opened for business. China signed free trade agreements with the Republic of Korea and Australia, respectively,and signed the Protocol to Amend the Framework Agreement on Comprehensive Economic Cooperation between China and ASEAN.

　　成立 inaugurate

　　投入运营 open for business

　　“一带一路”建设成效显现，国 际产能合作步伐加快，高铁、核电等中国装备走出去取得突破性进展。

　　Progress was made in the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative (the Belt and Road Initiative), the pace of our industrial-capacity cooperation with other countries was stepped up, and breakthroughs were made in China’s export of high-speed railway and nuclear power equipment.

　　一带一路 the Belt and Road Initiative

　　国际产能 industrial-capacity cooperation

　　高铁 high-speed railway

　　三是聚焦提质增效，推动产业创新升级。

　　Third, we worked to promote industrial innovation and upgrading to improve economic performance.

　　制定实施创新驱动发展战略纲要和意见，出台推动大众创业、万众创新政策举措，落实“互联网+”行动计划，增强经济发展新动力。一大批创客走上创业创 新之路。

　　To strengthen the new growth engines, an innovation-driven development plan was adopted along with guidelines on its implementation, policies and measures were introduced to encourage public participation in starting businesses and making innovations, and the Internet Plus action plan was implemented. A great number of makers started businesses and made innovations.

　　政策举措 policies and measures

　　增强经济发展新动力 strengthen the new growth engines

　　完善农业支持政策，促进农业发展方式加快转变。针对工业增速下降、企业效益下滑，我们一手抓新兴产业培育，一手抓传统产业改造提升。

　　Improvements were made to policies in support of agriculture to promote transformation of the agricultural growth model. In addressing the decline in industrial growth and the downward slide in corporate performance, we worked to foster new industries and upgrade traditional ones.

　　企业效益 corporate performance (所以performance在英译汉时也要灵活)

　　针对 In addressing ······(还是强调灵活翻译)

　　一手抓新兴产业培育，一手抓传统产业改造提升

　　foster new industries and upgrade traditional ones (避免重复，巧妙整合)

　　启动实施《中 国制造2025》，设立国家新兴产业创业投资引导基金、中小企业发展基金，扩大国家自主创新示范区。积极化解过剩产能，推进企业兼并重组。

　　We launched the Made in China 2025 initiative to upgrade manufacturing, set up government funds to encourage investment in emerging industries and to develop small and medium-sized enterprises, and established more national innovation demonstration zones. We cut overcapacity and encouraged business acquisitions and restructuring.

　　中小企业 small and medium-sized enterprises (中英有别)

　　扩大······区 established more ···(灵活翻译，避免生硬)

　　近三年淘汰落后 炼钢炼铁产能9000多万吨、水泥2.3亿吨、平板玻璃7600多万重量箱、电解铝100多万吨。促进生产性、生活性服务业加快发展。

　　Cuts made in outdated production capacity over the past three years have included over 90 million metric tons of steel and iron, 230 million metric tons of cement, over 76 million weight cases of plate glass, and more than one million metric tons of electrolytic aluminum. The development of production- and consumer-oriented service industries picked up momentum.

　　淘汰 cut (避免字对字翻译)

　　吨 metric ton

　　加快发展 pick up momentum

　　狠抓节能减排和环境 保护，各项约束性指标超额完成。公布自主减排行动目标，推动国际气候变化谈判取得积极成果。

　　We took serious measures to conserve energy, reduce emissions, and protect the environment, exceeding obligatory targets. We released self-imposed emissions reduction targets and contributed to the positive outcomes of international negotiations on climate change.

　　exceeding obligatory targets 分词结构表结果，减轻句子负担

　　狠抓 take serious measures to

　　节能 conserve energy

　　自主减排 self-imposed emissions

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