初中英语经典汇编

导读：　初中英语经典汇编(共5篇)...

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初中英语经典汇编(一)
初中英语应用文经典汇编

一、书信（Letter）

（一） 英文的信封写法

设你是Joy Smith ，你现在住在中国海南省三亚市海边宾馆，邮编572000你想 给住在美国Los Angeles 爱迪生街2876号的好朋友Henry White去信，邮编 CA94403，请你为他写个信封。

（二）正文写法 框架 Dear ...,

I’m glad to receive your letter… ------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------- Best wishes!

Yours,

Lucy a书信开头常用语

• I am very glad to receive your letter (hear form you). • Hello, Jane. Is everything going (on) well?

… /• I’m writing to you for some advice on how to… • I’m writing to ask if you can ...

• How time flies! It has been months/years since we last met. • Thank you for inviting me to ….

b 书信结尾常用语 • Best wishes (to/for you). • Wish you good luck.

范文

(No.9 the Seventh Street Washington D.C. USA) June 26, 2006

Dear Cathy,

I like your program very much. It has a lot of interesting stories, attractive games and popular English songs. From your program we can learn many new words and expressions. We can improve our listening and speaking in English .We can also know more about the culture of other countries in the world. In a word, we learn a lot from your program.

th

I’m sorry to tell you that I can’t follow you easily sometimes because you speak a little bit fast. It’s also a pity that we can only watch your program twice a week.

Thank you for giving us a lot of fun! I wish your program a bright future !

Yours sincerely， Wang Ping

求职信范文 Dear Sir,

…I am the right person for this job.

First of all, I am good at English. I can communicate with others in English very well. Secondly, I am friendly, and I am ready to help others. I’m an active boy as well. I take an active part in activities. I’m hard-working, and I’m strict in my work. What’s more, I have the experience of being a volunteer at Beijing Olympic Games. I learned a lot during that time. I believe I can …

(Yours )sincerely,

Tony

感谢信范文

Dear Lucy,

Thank you for asking me to your birthday party last night. I really enjoyed myself at the party. I got on well with all of your friends and everyone looked friendly to me. Now I have so many friends and won’t feel lonely any more.

Thanks again.

Yours, Maria

二、 电子邮件（e-mail）

假设你叫王明，昨天收到了笔友David的e-mail，得知他不久要到北京来学习中文。他想了解如何学好中文。请你用英文给他回复一封e-mail，介绍学习中文的体会和方法，提出你的建议，以及表达你帮助他学好中文的愿望。

Dear David,

I'm glad you'll come to Beijing to learn Chinese. Chinese is very useful, and many foreigners are learning it now. It's difficult for you because it's quite different from English. You have to remember as many Chinese words as possible. It's also important to do some reading and writing. You can watch TV and listen to the radio to practice your listening. Do your best to talk with people in Chinese. You can learn Chinese not only from books but also from people around you. If you have any questions, please ask me. I'm sure you'll learn Chinese well.

Hope to see you soon in Beijing.

Yours, Wang Ming

三、通知

（一）口头通知

口头通知不说Notice，直接把信息面对面地传递给对方，格式如下：

开头称呼：常用Boys and Girls, Ladies and Gentlemen, All the students, Fellow students（同学们）等引起对方的注意。

开场白： Your attention, please! Attention, please! May I have your attention, please? 通知的内容：要求准确无误（特别是时间和地点）、流畅得体、注意事项等。 结尾：Thank you (for listening). / That’s all. Thank you. 例文：

明天（星期五）全班同学将去参观科学博物馆（the Science Museum），由你（班长）通知全体同学。（通知的开头和结尾已给出）内容如下：

1. 早上8点钟在校门口集合，步行前往。 2. 下星期一交一份有关参观的报告。

3. 参观时要认真听，仔细看并记下有趣的东西。 4. 不可在博物馆内大声喧哗及拍照。 5. 带笔和笔记本。

要求：①不要逐句翻译。 ②字数60～80。 Boys and Girls,

May I have your attention,please?

We are going to visit the Science Museum tomorrow. We will meet at the school gate at eight in the morning and we will go there on foot. Take your pens and notebooks with you. We should listen and watch carefully and write down something interesting when you visit the museum. Please don't make any noise in the museum and don't take any pictures. You'll have to hand in a report about the visit next Monday.

That’s all. Thank you. (二)书面通知

(1) NOTICE

Tomorrow is Tree Planting Day. It is warm .You will have no classes. We shall plant trees in the park. We will meet at the school gate at 8:00 in the morning and go there by bike. We will have lunch there. Please bring some water and food with you. Don't be late.

The

Student Union Mar.11,2004

(2) Notice

May 24, 2012

There will be an English lecture at 2:30 p.m on Friday, May 26th. It will be held in Room 305. Professor Jason from America is going to give a talk on American Education. Please come on time. Everyone is welcome. I am sure you will enjoy it!

Monitor

四、日记

（一）日记的格式

英文日记通常由书端和正文两个部分组成。日记常以第一人称记下当天生活中的所见、所闻、所做或所想的事情。英语日记的书端是专门写日记的日期、星期和天气的。左上角是日期（年、月、日）、星期，写成September 1，2011或September 1st，2011。右上角写上当天的天气情况，如：Sunny，Fine，Rainy，Windy，Snowy，Cloudy等。

（二）日记的要求

日记的正文是日记的主要部分，写在星期和日期的正下方，可以顶格写，也可以内缩3至5个字母的空间。由于记载的内容通常已经发生，谓语动词多用一般过去时。但也可根据具体情况，用其它时态。如：记叙天气、描写景色，为了描写生动，可以使用现在时，以表现当时的情景。再如文后发表感想或评论可用现在时态或将来时态。记日记力求简单明了，有连贯性。若有文字提示，则应重视提示，把握要点。在句式上尽量使用简单句，以防繁杂，造成语法、句型错误。

例文一

March 12,2011, Sunday Fine

Today is fine. All our teachers and we students went to plant trees. At 8 in the morning we met outside the school gate. Then we rode our bikes to West Hill. About half past eight, we arrived there. As soon as we got there, some of us dug holes, some put the young trees in the holes, and others carried water and watered the trees. We all worked hard. About 11:30, we left there. Though we were very tired, we felt very happy.

例文二

根据中英文提示，与一篇日记，记叙一次(西塞山)郊游。(短文的开头已经给出。) May 1st ,Sunday,

Sunny

I got to school very early. Our class took a special bus to Mount Xisai. We got to the foot of the mount at 8:30. We began climbing the mount soon. On our way the air was so fresh and the scenery was so beautiful. Everybody was talking and laughing. We reached the top at about 10:00. The Long River appeared in the north, and over the river there was a great bridge. We felt very relaxed. Seeing some birds flying in the sky, I suddenly remembered a popular poem of Tang dynasty. " Birds are flying in front of Mount Xisai,…". I kept feeling proud of our city.

五、贺卡

（一）送给老师的贺卡 （二）送给母亲的贺卡 To my dearest mother/mum,

六、电话留言

A: Is Lucy there, please?

B: No, she isn’t in. Can I take a message?

A: Yes, please. This is Jim. Could I play basketball with her this afternoon? B: When and where will you meet?

A: At 2 o’clock on April 14th at the school gate. B: OK, I’ll give her the message.

Telephone Message

To:

Message: Jim asks you to play basketball . He will meet you at the school gate at 2:00 p.m.

七、寻物启事

例文一 假设你叫高迪，是初三（2）班的学生。你在10月16日晚上把一本英汉字典丢在阅览室里，用英语写一则寻

物启事，贴在餐厅前的留言板上，请捡到者交给你或你班班长。启事时间：10月17日

Lost

October 17th

I left my English-Chinese Dictionary in the reading-room On the evening of October 16th,. It is new. Will the finder please send it to me in Class Two, Grade Three or to our monitor? Thank you very much.

Gao Di

例文二 Lost【初中英语经典汇编】

I lost/left a key with a brown monkey toy on the playground on June 26th.Will the finder please come to Class 1,Grade 3 of No.1 Middle School or call me at 59380572.

Thank you!

Gao Feng

八、失物招领(Found)

请根据以下内容写一则英文失物招领： 6月8日上午你在体育馆（gym）捡到一只手表和一套运动服，请失主打电话与你联系。联系电话：22843215

Found

A watch and a suit of sports clothes were found in the gym on the morning of June 8th.Will the owners ring me up? My telephone number is 22843215.

FOUND

I found a purse on the soccer court yesterday afternoon. There is much money in it. Is it yours? Please call me at 15112321980.

Peter

九、 招聘启事

你想拥有一份忙碌而刺激的工作。与演员、警察或其他有趣的人工作，请打电话555-3256给晚报，招聘记者。根据以上内容写一则招聘启事。

Wanted

Do you want a busy but exciting job？Do you want to work with actors，policemen and other interesting people？We need a reporter. Call the Evening Newspaper at 555—3256.

十、 便条

（一）请假条

1.病假条 你是David,因昨天从自行车摔下，左腿损伤，特向老师Mr.Green 请假三天。 Dear Mr Green,

I’m sorry to tell you that I fell off my bike and hurt my left leg yesterday. The doctor told me to stay in bed .So I’d like to ask for three days’ leave. I’ll return to school as soon as I get well. Thank you!

Yours,

David

你是Lucy,因感冒，发烧，特向班主任Mr.Read 请假一天。

Dear Mr.Read,

I'm sorry to tell you that I have a bad cold and a fever . I’m afraid that I can’t go to school today . I’d like to ask for a day’s leave. I’ll return to school as soon as I get well. Thank you!

Yours, David

2.事假条

例文一 假设你是王亮，请你给外籍教师Mr.Brown 写张请假条。内容：明天你要到泉州参加运动会，不能跟同学们一起

去植树，请假一天。 Dear Mr. Brown,

Tomorrow I will go to Quanzhou to take part in a sports meeting, so I can’t plant trees with my classmates. I will have to ask a day’s leave.

Thank you.

Wang Liang

初中英语经典汇编(二)
初中英语应用文经典汇编

初中英语应用文经典汇编

一、书信（Letter）

（一） 英文的信封写法

设你是Joy Smith ，你现在住在中国海南省三亚市海边宾馆，邮编572000

你想

给住在美国Los Angeles 爱迪生街2876号的好朋友Henry White去信，邮

编

（二）正文写法 框架

Dear ...,

I’m glad to receive your letter…

-------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------【初中英语经典汇编】

---------------------------------

Best wishes!

Yours,

Lucy

a书信开头常用语

•

• Hello, Jane. Is everything going (on) well?

… /• I’m writing to you for some advice on how to…

• I’m writing to ask if you can ...

• How time flies! It has been months/years since we last met.

• Thank you for inviting me to ….

b 书信结尾常用语

• Best wishes (to/for you).

• Wish you good luck. 范文

(No.9 the Seventh Street

Washington D.C. USA)

June 26th, 2006

Dear Cathy,

I like your program very much. It has a lot of interesting stories,

attractive games and popular English songs. From your program we can learn many new words and expressions. We can improve our listening and speaking in English .We can also know more about the culture of other countries in the world. In a word, we learn a lot from your program.

I’m sorry to tell you that I can’t follow you easily sometimes because you speak a little bit fast. It’s also a pity that we can only watch your program twice a week.

Thank you for giving us a lot of fun! I wish your program a bright future !

Yours sincerely，

Wang Ping

求职信范文

Dear Sir,

…I am the right person for this job.

First of all, I am good at English. I can communicate with others in English very well. Secondly, I am friendly, and I am ready to help others. I’m an active boy as well. I take an active part in activities. I’m hard-working, and I’m strict in my work. What’s more, I have the experience of being a volunteer at Beijing Olympic Games.

I learned a lot during that time. I believe I can …

(Yours )sincerely,

Tony

感谢信范文

Dear Lucy,

Thank you for asking me to your birthday party last night. I really

enjoyed myself at the party. I got on well with all of your friends and

everyone looked friendly to me. Now I have so many friends and won’t feel lonely any more.

Thanks again.

Yours,

Maria

二、 电子邮件（e-mail）

假设你叫王明，昨天收到了笔友David的e-mail，得知他不久要到北京来学习中文。他想了解如何学好中文。请你用英文给他回复一封e-mail，介绍学习中文的体会和方法，提出你的建议，以及表达你帮助他学好中文的愿望。

Dear David,

I'm glad you'll come to Beijing to learn Chinese. Chinese is very useful, and many foreigners are learning it now. It's difficult for you because it's

quite different from English. You have to remember as many Chinese words as possible. It's also important to do some reading and writing. You can watch TV and listen to the radio to practice your listening. Do your best to talk with people in Chinese. You can learn Chinese not only from books but also from people around you. If you have any questions, please ask me. I'm sure you'll learn Chinese well.

Hope to see you soon in Beijing.

Yours,

Wang Ming 三、通知

（一）口头通知

口头通知不说Notice，直接把信息面对面地传递给对方，格式如下：

开头称呼：常用Boys and Girls, Ladies and Gentlemen, All the students, Fellow students（同学们）等引起对方的注意。

开场白： Your attention, please! Attention, please! May I have your

attention, please?

通知的内容：要求准确无误（特别是时间和地点）、流畅得体、注意事项等。 结尾：Thank you (for listening). / That’s all. Thank you.

例文：

明天（星期五）全班同学将去参观科学博物馆（the Science Museum），由你（班长）通知全体同学。（通知的开头和结尾已给出）内容如下：

1. 早上8点钟在校门口集合，步行前往。

2. 下星期一交一份有关参观的报告。【初中英语经典汇编】

3. 参观时要认真听，仔细看并记下有趣的东西。

4. 不可在博物馆内大声喧哗及拍照。

5. 带笔和笔记本。

要求：①不要逐句翻译。 ②字数60～80。

Boys and Girls,

May I have your attention,please?

We are going to visit the Science Museum tomorrow. We will meet at

the school gate at eight in the morning and we will go there on foot. Take

your pens and notebooks with you. We should listen and watch carefully and write down something interesting when you visit the museum. Please don't make any noise in the museum and don't take any pictures. You'll have to hand in a report about the visit next Monday.

That’s all. Thank you.

(二)书面通知

(1) NOTICE

Tomorrow is Tree Planting Day. It is warm .You will have no classes. We shall plant trees in the park. We will meet at the school gate at 8:00 in the morning and go there by bike. We will have lunch there. Please bring some water and food with you. Don't be late.

The Student Union Mar.11,2004

(2) Notice

May 24, 2012

There will be an English lecture at 2:30 p.m on Friday, May 26th. It will be held in Room 305. Professor Jason from America is going to give a talk on American Education. Please come on time. Everyone is welcome. I am sure you will enjoy it!

Monitor 四、日记

（一）日记的格式

英文日记通常由书端和正文两个部分组成。日记常以第一人称记下当天生活中的所见、所闻、所做或所想的事情。英语日记的书端是专门写日记的日期、星期和天气的。左上角是日期（年、月、日）、星期，写成September 1，2011或September 1st，2011。右上角写上当天的天气情况，如：Sunny，Fine，Rainy，Windy，Snowy，Cloudy等。

（二）日记的要求

日记的正文是日记的主要部分，写在星期和日期的正下方，可以顶格写，也可以内缩3至5个字母的空间。由于记载的内容通常已经发生，谓语动词多用一般过去时。但也可根据具体情况，用其它时态。如：记叙天气、描写景色，为了描写生动，可以使用现在时，以表现当时的情景。再如文后发表感想或评论可用现在时态或将来时态。记日记力求简单明了，有连贯性。若有文字提示，则应重视提示，把握要点。在句式上尽量使用简单句，以防繁杂，造成语法、句型错误。

例文一

March 12,2011, Sunday Fine

Today is fine. All our teachers and we students went to plant trees. At

8 in the morning we met outside the school gate. Then we rode our bikes to West Hill. About half past eight, we arrived there. As soon as we got there, some of us dug holes, some put the young trees in the holes, and others carried water and watered the trees. We all worked hard. About 11:30, we left there. Though we were very tired, we felt very happy.

例文二

根据中英文提示，与一篇日记，记叙一次(西塞山)郊游。(短文的开头已经给出。) May 1st ,Sunday,

Sunny

I got to school very early. Our class took a special bus to Mount Xisai.

We got to the foot of the mount at 8:30. We began climbing the mount soon. On our way the air was so fresh and the scenery was so beautiful. Everybody was talking and laughing. We reached the top at about 10:00. The Long River appeared in the north, and over the river there was a great bridge. We felt

very relaxed. Seeing some birds flying in the sky, I suddenly remembered a popular poem of Tang dynasty. " Birds are flying in front of Mount Xisai,…". I kept feeling proud of our city.

五、贺卡

（一）送给老师的贺卡

（二）送给母亲的贺卡

初中英语经典汇编(三)
强力推荐 新课标初中英语语法汇编

英语语法大全

初中英语语法

学习提纲

一、词类、句子成分和构词法：

1、词类：英语词类分十种：

名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。

1、名词(n.)： 表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange.

2、代词(pron.)： 主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it .

3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange .

4、数词(num.)： 表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth.

5、动词(v.)： 表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see .

6、副词(adv.)： 修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very,

here, often, quietly, slowly.

7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the.

8、介词(prep.)： 表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind.

9、连词(conj.)： 用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before .

10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello.

2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。

1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。

如：I‘m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐)

2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间)

3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名

词、代词或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍)

4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如：()

有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信)

有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信)

5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如： ()

6、状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词,通常由副词担任。如：()

7、宾语补足语用来说明宾语怎么样或干什么,通常由形容词或动词充当。如：They usually

keep their classroom () / He often helps me ( / The teacher wanted me 老师要我自学法语)

☆同位语通常紧跟在名词、代词后面,进一步说明它的情况。如：Where is your classmate (你的同学汤姆在哪里？)

3、构词法：英语构词法主要有：合成法、派生法和转换法。

1、合成法：如：spaceship, headache, basketball, playground等等。

2、派生法：

(1)派生名词：①动词+er/or ②动词+ing ③动词+(t)ion ④形容词+ness ⑤其他,如：

inventor, learner, swimming, congratulation, kindness, carelessness, knowledge

(2)派生形容词：①名词+y ②名词+ful ③动词+ing/ed ④friendly ⑤dangerous ⑥

Chinese; Japanese ⑦English ⑧French ⑨German ⑩国名+(i)an 如：snowy, sunny, hopeful, beautiful, interesting, follwing, daily(每日的),nervous, delicious

(3)派生副词：①形容词+ly ②其它,如：slowly, angrily, full→fully, good→well, possible→possibly等等。

3、转换法：

(1)形容词→动词,如：dry(干燥的)→dry(弄干), clean(干净的)→clean(打扫,弄干净),等

等。

(2)动词→名词,如：look, walk, rest, work, study, swim, go, talk等等。

(3)名词→动词,如：hand(手)→(传递),face(脸)→(面对)等等。

(4)形容词→副词,如：early→early, fast→fast等等。

(5)副词→连词,如：when(什么时候)→(当……时候),等等。

(6)介词→副词,如：in(到……里)→(在里面；在家),on(在…上)→(进行,继续),等等。

二、名词：

1、英语名词可分专有名词和普通名词两大类：

1、专有名词是个别的人、地、物、团体、机构等的专用名称。

专有名词中实词的第一个字母要大写。

如：Beijing, Tom, the People‘s Republic of China(中华人民共和国)

专有名词如果是含有普通名词的短语,则必须使用定冠词the。如：the Great Wall(长城)

姓氏名如果采用复数形式,则表示该姓氏一家人(复数含义),如：the Greens( 格林一家人)。

2、普通名词是许多人或事物的共有名称。如：pupil, family, man, foot.

普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。

▲可数名词是可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词,如： box, child, orange；

▲不可数名词是不可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词。如：water, news, oil, population,

information .

2、英语可数名词的单复数：英语可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。

1、名词由单数变复数的基本方法如下：

①在单数名词词尾加s。如：map → maps,boy→ boys,horse→ horses, table→ tables. ②s,o,x ,sh,ch结尾的词加es.如：class→classes, box→boxes, hero→heroes, dish→dishes, bench→benches.

[注]：少数以o结尾的词,变复数时只加s。如：photo→photos, piano→pianos.

③以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i,再加es。如：family→families, city→cities, party→parties.

④以f或fe结尾的名词,变f或fe为v,再加es。如：shelf→shelves, wolf→wolves, life→lives, knife→knives.

2、不规则变化：man→men, woman→women, sheep→sheep,tooth→teeth, fish→fish, child

→children, ox→oxen, goose→geese

不可数名词一般没有复数形式,说明其数量时,要用有关计量名词。如：a bag of rice→two bags of rice, a piece of paper→three pieces of paper, a bottle of milk→five bottles of milk.

3、名词所有格：

1、 名词所有格表示所属关系,相当于物主代词,在句中作定语、宾语或主语。其构成法

如下：

(1)表示人或其它有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加‟s。如：Childern‘s Day(儿童节), my sister‘s book(我姐姐的书)

(2)以s或es结尾的复数名词。只在词尾加‟。如：Teachers‘ Day(教师节)

(3)有些表示时间、距离以及世界、国家、城镇等无生命的名词,也可在词尾加‘s. 如： newspaper(), break(), population(中国的人口).

(4)无论表示有生命还是无生命的东西的名词,一般均可用介词of短语来表示所有关系。

如：

a fine daughter of the Party(党的好女儿).

2、[注解]：

① ‗s还可以表示某人的家或者某个店铺,如：my aunt‘s(我阿姨家), the doctor‘s(诊所) ② 两人共有某物时,可以采用 A and B‘s 的形式,如：Lucy and Lily‘s bedroom(露西和丽

丽合住的卧室)

③ “of+名词所有格/名词性物主代词”,称为双重所有格,如：a friend of my father‘s(我

父亲的一位朋友), a friend of mine(我的一位朋友)

4、名词或代词作主语时和谓语之间的单复数的一致问题：

1、和谓语基本保持单复数的一致,即：主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时,谓语动词

用单数形式：如：The computer was a great invention.(计算机是个了不起的发明)The (玻璃杯里的水很冷)

2、集体名词(如family, class, team, group, row, police, school等)做句子主语时,

① 如果表示整体概念,则谓语用单数形式,如：Class Three is a very good class.(三班是好班)

② 如果表示其中的所有成员时,则谓语用复数形式,如：Class Three have a map of China.(三

班有张中国地图)

3、Chinese, Japanese, fish, sheep, people等表示单个时谓语用单数,表示许多时,谓语用复

数。如：There is a sheep in the yard.(院子里有只绵羊) / There are some sheep in the yard.(院子里有一些绵羊)

4、maths, news等虽然有s结尾,但不是复数,

(这个消息令人兴奋)

5、glasses, shoes, socks, trousers, gloves等名词往往用复数形式,故谓语用复数。如： very cheap and I want to take them.(裤子很便宜,我想买)

6、a lot of 后跟名词复数时谓语用复数形式,跟不可数名词时谓语用单数形式。 baseball now.(现在有许多学生在打垒球) (大量的时间花在了那个工作上)(被动句)

7、and 连接两个名词做主语时,谓语原则上用复数,但是两个名词若构成一个整体事物时,

谓语则用单数。如：The teacher and his son are picking apples now.(老师和他的儿子在摘苹果) / Fish and chips is very famous food. (鱼和薯条是一种出名的食品)

8、 there be 句型中be的单复数一般由靠近的名词决定。如：in the room.(房间里有一张桌子和四张椅子)

9、用both…and…连接两个事物做主语时,谓语一般用复数。如： .(你和我明天要求都来)

10、主语中含有with的短语时,谓语单复数由with之前的人物决定。如：. (一名妇女带着一个七岁的孩子(当时)就站在路边)

11、either…or…或者 neither…nor…连接两个人物做句子主语时,谓语采用就近原则。如：(要么是你对,要么是他对。/你和他有一个人是对的) / Neither you nor going there.(你和我都不打算去那里)

12、表示一段时间或长度概念的复数名词做主语时,谓语一般用单数。a short time.(两个月不是个短时间)(距离).(两千千米是相当长的一段距离)

13、主语中含有half of… / (three quarters)of… / all (of) the ….等词语时,谓语的单复数由名

词确定,如：Over three quarters of the information on the Internet is in English.(因特网上四分之三以上的信息是用英语写的) / A third of the students were playing near the lake.(学生的三分之一(当时)正在湖边玩耍) / All of the water in these rivers has been polluted.(这些河流中的水已经被污染了)(被动句)

初中英语经典汇编(四)
初中英语短语汇编

初中英语短语汇编

一、常见介词开头短语结构

（一） In开头：

1. in fact in English in danger in trouble in time in surprise in fashion

in style in common in agreement in general in front of

2. in a minute in a hurry in a low voice in an hour

3. in the morning in the future in the way in the daytime in the middle

in the end in the car in the wall in the corner in the dark in the sun

in the rain in the air in the newspaper in the 1990s in the open in the air

4. in good health in order to in some ways in Southern Chian In one’s 30s

(二)On 开头

1. on weekends on vacation on holiday on business on time on show

on duty on fire on history on foot on sale on land on board on TV

2. on the bus on the train on the bike on the way on the wall on the radio

on the phone on the Internet on the farm on the right on the one hand

on the other hand

3. on Sunday on morning on one’s way home on one’s way to school

(三)At 开头

1. at once at present at times at last at first at least at noon at home

at school at word

2. at the party at the meeting at the table at the door at the office

at the station at the corner at the beginning of at the end of at the age of

at the same time at the best price

3. at this at that at time

(四)By开头

1. by mistake by accident by oneself by bike by bus by car by train

by subway by taxi by ship by plane by air by sea by noon by now

by then

2. by the way by the time

(五)of 开头

1. of course 2. of medium build

(六)With 开头

1. with a smile with a knife 2. with+工具/部位 3. with one’s help

(七)To开头

1. to one’s surprise to joy 2.to the east of 3. to start with

(八)From开头

1.from now from the on 2.from „to „

(九)For 开头

1. for the first time 2. for example for instance

(十)After/Before开头

1. after all after that after supper after school after class

2. before long

二、 常见“be+形+介”结构（短语动词为主）

1. be bad for be famous for be good for be late for be ready for be sorry for

be used for get ready for

2. be angry with be busy with be covered with be filled be friendly with

be pleased with be strict with be popular with

3. be close to be friendly to be frateful to be next to be nice to

be thankful to be used to be good to

4. be afraid of be full of be made of be proud of be terrified of be tired of

5. be interested in be poor in be strict of be successful of be weak of

6. be amazen at be good at be mad at be surprised at

7. be excited about be nervous about be worried about

8. be different from be far from be made from

三、常见“动词+介词”结构（短语动词为主）

1. look after look at look for look like look through

2. get in get on get off get over get to

3. go across go through go to

4. hear about hear from hear of

5.arrive at knock at laugh at point at shoot at shout at

6.ask for care for leave for pay for send for wait for work for

7.agree with argue with begin with deal with do with play with talk with

8.concentrate on depend on feed on knock on live on work on

9.car about complain about talk about worry about

10. belong to listen to point to talk to write to

11. arrive in live in major in

12. fall into jump into knock into

13. dream of think of

14.其它：come from fall behind sound like take after walk through

四、常见“动词+副词”结构（短语动词为主）

1. call up cheer up clean up cut up dress up eat up end up fix up

grow up hurry up jump up look up make up mix up open up

pick up ring up send up set up show up stand up stay up think up

turn up use up wake up give up

2. come out give out go out hand out hang out help out keep out

look out put out rush out sell out take out turn out work out

3. break down calm down come down cut down fall down

go down jump down let down lie down pull down slow down

sit down turn down

4.break off fall off get off go off hurry off put off run off

take off turn off

5. get on go on pass on put on turn on

6. give away put away run away take away

7. come over go over look over turn over

8. come along get along go along walk along

9.come back home get home go home go back home

10. come in hand in give in

11. go through look through

12. drop by go by

13.其它：turn left turn right get together show around

五、常见“动词+副词+介词”结构（短语动词为主）

1. get out of look out of pull out of run out of

2. catch up with come up with

3. get on with go on with

4. hold on look forward to

5.其它：do badly well in stay away from send up into

六、常见“动词+名词/代词+介词”结构（短语动词为主）

1. help oneself to make a contribution to pay a vistit to pay attention to

2. lose oneself in take an interest in take part in take pride in

3.have a look at put one’s heart into take care of

七、其它短语

（一）动词搭配

1.come to oneself enjoy oneself learn by oneself say to oneself

2. have a cold have a fever have a headanche have a lesson have a look

have a meeting have a party have a shower have a swim have a talk

have a walk have a good time

3. go bike riding go boating go camping go fishing go hiking go shopping

go sightseeing go skating go skiing go swimming

4. go to bed go to college go to school go to sleep go to work go to a movie

go to the concert

5. buy---for--- make---for--- get---for--- cook---for--- save--- for--- sing---for --- choose--- for--- thank---for---

6. give---to--- lend---to--- sell---to--- show---to--- write---to--- send---to---

pay---to--- pass---to--- teach---to--- tell---to--- do---to--- bring---to---

read---to---

7. fill---with--- help---with--- fall in love with--- make friends with---

8. borrow---from--- get---from--- keep---from---

9. be in bed be in hospital cut in line wait in line come true

do one’s homework do sports play sports play basketball be able to have to

play the piano make progress make one’s bed make a noise have fun

do some cleaning do some shopping do some washing do some reading

go for a walk keep fit keep health stay health take a photo take a walk

get married get injured get lost get longer get tired get online

take it easy have nothing to do with take place

（二）其它形式

初中英语经典汇编(五)
初中英语语法要点汇编

初中英语语法要点汇编：

1 get＋过去分词

一、基本用法

英语被动语态通常由“助动词be+过去分词”构成，有时也可用“get+过去分词”构成： James got beaten last night. 詹姆斯昨晚被打了。

How did that window get opened? 那个窗户是如何打开的?

Cleaning women in big cities usually get paid by the hour. 大城市的清洁女工通常按小时计酬。

二、用法说明

但总的说来，用get构成的被动语态不如用be构成的被动语态常见，尤其是在含有施动者的by短语时，用get构成被动语态更是少见。不过有时用be+过去分词构成被动语态构成误解时，人们可能会选get+过去分词来避免这种误解：

The window was broken. 窗户破了(表状态)。/ 窗户被打破了(表动作)

The window got broken. 窗户被打破了(表动作)

2 状语从句的省略的问题

为了简洁起见，有的状语从句(如时间状语从句、条件状语从句、方式状语从句等)有时可省略从句的主语和部分谓语(尤其是当从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句谓语包括有动词be时)：

She fell asleep while (he was) doing his homework. 他在做作业时睡着了。

While (he was) doing so, he trembled a little. 他这样做时稍稍颤抖了一下。 He opened his mouth as if (he was) to speak. 他张开口，好像要说话似的。 Often she would weep when (she was) alone. 她一个人时，常常哭泣。

I’d like to see you whenever (it’s) convenient. 在你方便的时候我想来看看你。

If (you are) traveling north，you must change at Leeds. 如果你是向北行，你必须在里兹换车。

【注】有些由if构成的省略结构，已属固定短语，如if any, if necessary, if possible, if not, if so：

There are few, if any, mistakes in that book. 那本书就是有错误也不多。

If necessary, ring me at home. 如果必要，可以打电话到我家找我。

If possible, I wish to go there next summer. 如果可能，我希望明年夏天去。

He may be busy. If so, I’ll call later. If not, can I see him now? 他可能很忙，要是这样，我以后再来拜访。要是不忙，我现在可以见他吗?

3 the用作副词

一、用于最高级前

Of all her friends, she likes Mary the best. 在她所有的朋友中，她最喜欢玛丽。 That was the most interesting story she had ever told. 这是她讲过的最有趣的故事。 She is the most suitable person imaginable. 她是能想像出的最合适的人选。

二、用于比较级前

表示某人或某物比以前更好或更坏，此时句中通常会有表示原因、理由或条件的短语或从句。如：

I feel the better for my walk. 散了一下步我觉得舒服多了。

I love him all the more for his faults. 正因为他这些缺点，所以我越发爱他。

三、用于“the +比较级，the +比较级”

表示“越„„越„„”。如：

The more a man has, the more he wants. 人越有越想要。

The higher up we go, the colder it becomes. 越往上走，天气就越冷。

The better I knew him, the more I liked him. 我越了解他就越喜欢他。

4 定冠词的五种特指的用法

Look! A car has stopped there. The car is beautiful. 瞧，有辆小汽车在那儿停下了。那辆汽车可真漂亮。

(2) 特指说话双方都知道或能体会到的人或物：

Why not ask the teacher? 为什么不问问老师?

Pass me the dictionary, please. 请把词典递给我。

(3) 用于带后置定语的名词前，表示特定的人或物：

I like the magazine on the desk. 我喜欢桌上的那本杂志。

The supper her mother cooked was delicious. 她妈妈做的晚餐味道很好。

(4) 用于比较级前，特指两个被比较对象中的一个：

Of the two brothers, the younger is more interesting. 在这两兄弟中，年轻的这个更有趣。

(5) 用于加强特指含义，意为“正好是”、“刚好是”等(此时的定冠词需重读)： This is the word to be used here. 这是用在这里最恰当的字眼。

He is the man for the job. 他是最适合做这项工作的人。

5 一般现在时表示将来

一、“主将从现”原则

当主句为将来时态或表示将来意义时，时间和条件的状语从句必须用一般现在时表将来：

I’ll write to her when I have time. 我有空会给她写信。

Turn off the lights before you leave. 走前关灯。

If we hurry, we may catch the bus. 如果赶紧走我们可能赶得上公共汽车。

Tell me in case you get into difficulty. 遇到困难请告诉我。

【注】① 除表示时间和条件的状语从句外，表示让步、相似、比例的从句也必须用一般现在时表将来：

I’ll follow him wherever he goes. 他去哪儿，我就跟着去哪儿。

Whatever you say, I won’t pay. 无论你说什么，我都不会付钱。

Whether we help him or not, he will fail. 无论我们帮他与否，他都会失败。

I’ll have a good time whether I win or lose. 赢也好，输也好，我都将会玩好。 The more you eat, the fatter you will become. 你吃得越多就会越胖。

② 另外，当主句为用将来时态时，定语从句也通常用一般现在时表将来：

I’ll give you anything you ask for. 你要什么我都给你。

You can have anything I find. 我找到的任何东西你都可以拿去。

Everyone who comes first will get a present. 每个先来的人都可得到一份礼物。

二、简化原则

按照英语习惯，一个句子中若主要动词已经表明了所谈论动作的时间，那么与之相关的其他动词就不必再次指明同一时间，而往往使用一个比较简单的时态，如用一般现在时表示一般将来时等。比较：

This discovery means that we will spend less on food.这一发现意味着我们将减少在食品上的花费。

This discovery will mean that we spend less on food. 这一发现意味着我们将减少在食品上的花费。

三、几种值得注意的情况

在make sure(弄清楚)，make certain(弄清楚)，take care(注意，当心)，be careful(注意，当心)，mind(注意)，watch(注意)等后的that从句中通常也只用一般现在时表将来意义： Take care that it does not occur again. 注意别再发生这样的事。

We must take care that no one sees us. 我们必须注意别让人看见我们。

Make sure you come back soon. 你要保证快点回来。

Be careful that you don’t hurt her feelings. 当心别伤了她的感情。

Watch that the baby doesn’t go near the heater. 注意别让宝宝接近加热器。

Mind you read the examination questions carefully before you begin to answer them. 在答题前要注意仔细阅读考题。

【注】在it doesn’t matter, I don’t care, I don’t mind 等结构(以及类似结构)后的名词性从句也通常用一般现在时表将来意义：

It doesn’t matter where we go on holiday. 我们去哪儿度假都行。

Does it matter who goes first? 谁先去这有关系吗?

I don’t care whether we win or lose. 我不在乎我们是赢还是输。

Don’t you care what happens to them? 难道你不关心他们出什么事了?

四、可用两种时态的情况

在I hope , I bet, see (to it) 等后的宾语从句中通常用一般现在时表示将来意义，但有时也可直接用将来时态：

I hope that you like [will like] it. 你希望你会喜欢它。

I bet it rains [will rain] tomorrow. 我打赌明天会下雨。

See (to it) that children don’t catch cold. 当心别让孩子感冒。

I’ll see that nobody disturbs [will disturb] you. 我将确保没人打扰你。

【注】see (to it) 后的that从句通常用一般现在时表将来，直接用将来的情形较少见。

五、用于比较状语从句

在as, than 引出的比较状语从句中可用一般现在时表示将来，也可直接用将来时态： We’ll get there as soon as you do [will]. 你一到，我们就到。

We’ll probably drive faster than you do [will]. 我们开车很可能比你快。

六、表示计划或安排

表示按规定、时间表、计划或安排要发生的动作：

Are you on duty next weekend? 下周末你上班吗?

The train leaves at 12:00. 火车12点开出。

Where do we go now? 我们现在到哪里去?

【注】用于此用法时，句中通常有具体的时间状语。

七、by the time„

当主句为将来时态时，与之相关的by the time后接的从句要用一般现在时表示将来意义： By the time he comes, I will have left. 等他到时，我会已离开了。

The film will have started by the time we get to the cinema.我们到电影院时电影会已经开始了。

八、表示现在将要宣布某事

I declare the meeting open. 我宣布会议开始。

We learn Lesson Ten today. 今天我们学习第10课。

九、表示客观性很强的将来

Today is Friday, so tomorrow is Saturday. 今天是星期五，所以明天是星期六。 My birthday is on a Sunday this year. 我今年的生日在星期天。

【注】有时说话者对某一将来事实非常肯定，也用一般现在时：

The future is bright. 前途是光明的。

Final victory is ours. 最后的胜利是我们的。

6 不定式否定式的用法

1. 不定式的否定式的构成

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