导读： working mothers职称英语篇一：2013职称英语综合B完形填空翻译 ...
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working mothers职称英语篇一：2013职称英语综合B完形填空翻译
第十篇 Working Mothers
Carefully conducted researches that have followed the children of working mothers have not been able to show any long-term problems，compared with children whose mothers stayed at home. My personal (1) _______ is that mothers should be allowed to work if they wish. Whether we like it or not ，there are a (2) _______ of mothers who just have to work.. There are those who have invested such a big part of their lives in establishing a career that they cannot (3) _______ see it lost. Then there are many who must work out of pure economic (4) _______. Many mothers are not (5) _______ out to be full-time parents. After a few months at home with a much loved infant ，they feel trapped and isolated.
There are a number of options when it (6) _______ to choosing childcare. These range from child minders and nannies through to Granny or the kind lady (7) _______ the street. (8) _______, however ，many parents don't have any choice; they have to accept anything they can get. Be prepared! No (9) _______ how good the childcare may be ，some children are going to protest wildly if they are left. This is a (10) _______ normal stage of child development. Babies separate well in the first six months，but soon after that they start to get a crush on Mum and close family (11) _______ . Make sure that in the first week you allow (12) _______ time to help your child settle in.
All children are different. Some are independent ，while others are more (13) _______ to their mothers. Remember that if you want to(14) _______ the best for your children ，it's not the quantity of time you spend with them，it's the (15) _______ that matters.
词汇:
conduct /kən'dʌkt / v. 实施，实行 isolate / 'aisəleit/ v. 使隔离，使孤立
invest / in'vest / v. 投资 option / 'ɔpʃən / n. 选项，选择
establish / i'stæbliʃ / v. 建立 nanny / 'næni /n. 保姆
economic /,i:kə'nɔmik/ adj. 经济上的 protest / prə'test / v. 抗议
infant / 'infənt/ n. 婴儿，幼儿 crush / krʌʃ / n: 迷恋
trap / træp / v. 使陷入困境，使受限制 quantity /'kwɔntiti/ n. 数量
注释:
1. range from ...to...: 从……变动到……，在……范围内变化
2. ... babies separate well in the first six months:……婴儿刚出生的前六个月对与母亲分开没有感觉……
3. ... to help your child settle in:……帮助你的孩子安稳下来……
练习:
1. A) view B) idea C) thought D) decision
2. A) percentage B) group C) number D) proportion
3. A) afford B) decide C) hope D) expect
4. A) reason B) duty C) necessity D) task
5. A) made B) cut C) brought D) born
6. A) refers B) concerns C) turns D) comes
7. A) of B) opposite C) across D) next to
8. A) In addition B) In fact C) In reality D) In contrast
9. A) way B) matter C) surprise D) exception
10. A) perfectly B) extremely C) very D) certainly
11. A) people B) adults C) members D) grown-ups
12. A) little B) no C) lots D) plenty of
13. A) used B) attached C) keen D) fond
14. A) make B) give C) have D) do
15. A) quality B) attitude C) behavior D) manner
答案与题解:
1. A 此处阐明作者的观点，只有view 能代表对某方面的"见解"或"观点"，其他选项只是单 纯的"想想、法"或是"决定", 不合题意。
2. C a number of 是固定搭配，修饰可数名词，表示数量上"很多"。
3. A can't afford to do sth.为惯用语，表示"负担不起……"。
4. C 此题四个选项在语法上都能与前面的 out of 搭配，out of reason 意为"无理的,不合理的" ，out of duty 与 out of task 意思是"出于责任，任务的"，out of necessity "有必要，出于.…...的必要，综合分析只有C选项填入此空较为合理。
5. B 固定搭配 be cut out for/be cut out to do sth. 意为"适合于，天生就是做某事的料" ，make out"理解，辨认出;亲热" ，bring out"使显出;出版;生产"，只有 B 选项符合文意。
6. D it comes to sth. 为惯用说法，在这里意思是"涉及"，整句说的是"当涉及儿童托管时，有许多方式可供选择"，refer to 意为"指……而言"。
7. C across the street 意为"街对面"，其他选项的词搭配不当，故选 C。
8. C 此处讨论在现实状况下，很多父母根本没有选择的余地。"在现实状况下"就是 in reality ，此题容易误选 B ，in fact 意为"事实上，实际上"，常常表示经过推论得出的结果，放在此处其实也不算错，但是完形填空不是让我们选出正确的答案，而是选出最合适的选项，故此题选 C。
9. B no matter +疑问词，表示"无论……"，此句意为"不管你选的托管方式有多好，一些孩子被留下时，都会激烈抗议"。
10. A perfectly normal 为惯用说法，意思是"完全正常的"，其他选项虽说在语法上与逻辑上也不错，但 perfectly 更好些。
11. C family members"家庭成员"，其他选项均不适合，C 为正确答案。
12. D 首先从逻辑上排除 A 和 B 选项，一定是留给孩子足够"多"的时间。C 选项 lots 后面若能加上介词 of 则构成修饰可数名字的短语，lots of"许多的"，原文中被修饰词 time 是不可数名词，只有 D 选项 plenty of 可以修饰不可数名词，表示"大量的"。
13. B 四个选项中除了 fond 与 of 搭配，意为"喜欢"之外，其他的选项都可与 to 搭配，be used to sth./doing"习惯于(做)某事"，be attached to"依附于，依恋于" ，be keen to do sth. "急切， 渴望"，此处孩子要"依恋于"母亲，因此 B 选项正确。
14. D 此处意为"为你的孩子做到最好"，一般用 do one' s best for ，而不用 make one' s best ，若想用 give，则是 give one' s best to，因此只有 D 选项符合要求。
15. A 上半句的 quantity 已经对此题的答案做出了暗示，一定是"质量" quality 与"数量" quantity 相对。
译文：
职业母亲
与全职母亲的孩子相比，对职业母亲的孩子仔细进行的调查并没有展示出任何长期的问题。我的个人观点是，只要妈妈们想工作，那么她们就可以工作。不管我们是否喜欢这一点，有许多妈妈不得不工作，这是事实。有这样的母亲，她们已投入了大半生去创建事业，若是失去这份事业，她们承受不起。还有许多母亲完全是出于经济上的原因必须工作。很多母亲并不是做全职母亲的这块料，与这么可爱的婴儿在家待几个月之后，她们感觉受到了限制，被孤立了。
涉及儿童托管，有很多方式可供选择，从托儿所和保姆到奶奶或是街对面的好心女士。然而实际上，
许多父母没有任何选择，不管能有什么都得接受。准备好了啊!不管你选的托管方式有多好，一些孩子被留下时，都会激烈抗议，这是儿童发展过程中完全正常的一个阶段。婴儿刚出生的前六个月对与母亲分开没有感觉，但不久之后他们便会对母亲和亲密家庭成员产生依恋。要保证在第一周付出足够多的时间来帮助他安稳下来。
每个孩子都是不一样的，有的很独立，有的却很依恋母亲。如果你想为你的孩子做到最好，那么记住这一点，你与孩子相处时间的长短不重要，相处过程中的质量才重要
。
第七篇 The Difference between Man and Computer
The Difference between Man and Computer
What makes people different from computer programs? What is the missing element that our theories don’t yet (1) ______ for? The answer is simple: People read newspaper stories for a reason: to learn more about (2) ______they are interested in. Computers, on the other hand， don't. In fact，computers don't (3) ______ have interests; there is nothing in particular that they are trying to find out when they read. If a computer (4) ______is to be a model of story understanding ，it should also read for a "purpose".
Of course ，people have several goals that do not make (5) ______ to attribute to computers. One might read a restaurant guide (6) ______order to satisfy hunger or entertainment goals, or to
(7) ______a good place to go for a business lunch. Computers do not get hungry, and computers do not have business lunches.
However ，these physiological and social goals give (8) ______to several intellectual or cognitive goals. A goal to satisfy hunger gives rise to goals to find (9) ______ about the name of a restaurant which (10) ______ the desired type of food ，how expensive the restaurant is，the location of the restaurant, etc. These are goals to (11) ______ information or knowledge, what we are calling (12) ______ goals. These goals can be held by computers too; a computer (13) ______ "want" to find out the location of a restaurant ，and read a guide in order to do so (14) ______ the same way as a person might. While such a goal would not (15) ______out of hunger in the case of the computer，it might well arise out of the "goal" to learn more about restaurants.
词汇:
element / 'elimənt / n. 元素，成分，要素
intellectual /,intil'ektʃuəl/ adj. 智力的，聪明的
entertainment /,entə'teinmənt/ n. 娱乐，消遣
physiological /,fiziə'lɔdʒikəl/ adj. 生理学的，生理的
cognitive / 'kɔgnitiv / adj. 认知的，认识上的
注释:
1. ... attribute to computers ... :……把……归于电脑，归属于电脑……
2. ... in the case of computer ... :……对于电脑来说……
练习:
1. A) express B) explain C) account D) count
2. A) why B) how C) what D) when
3. A) once B) even C) ever D) often
4. A) program B) instruction C) system D) function
5. A). success B) sense C) scene D) point
6. A) of B) or C) in D) and
7. A) find B) search C) look D) watch
8. A) way B) play C) rise D) birth
9. A) place B) food C)reference D)information
10. A) orders B) sells C)supports D) serves
11. A) acquire B) ask C) require D) consult
12. A) understanding B) learning C) knowledge D) awareness
13. A) could B) might C)should D) would
14. A) as B) on C)by D) in
15. A) arise B) rise C)consent D) derive
答案与题解:
1. C 此处考查对固定搭配的掌握情况，只有account能与for 搭配，意为"解释"，其他三个选项的词都是及物动词，不与介词搭配。
2. C 分析全句，此处应填一个宾语从句的引导词，从句中缺少宾语，故应填 what ，此句意为 "去了解他们所感兴趣的东西"，其他三个选项均为关系副词，不能充当从句中的宾语。
3. B 此处选 even 加强语气，"事实上，电脑甚至都没有兴趣"。
4. A computer program 是常见搭配，意为"电脑程序"，其他选项与句意不符，故排除。
5. B make sense 是固定搭配，意思是"有道理, 合理, 能被理解"。整句的意思为"当然人也有目标，但这些目标若被归在电脑身上便不合逻辑了"。
6. C in order to 是固定搭配，表示目的，意为"为了……"，故选 C。
7. A 结合上下文我们得知，此处应填具有"寻找"含义的词，watch 没有此含义，首先被排除，C 选项后若加上 for ，便符合文意，search 有"搜寻，查找"的含义，但一般指深人彻底地调查，只 有 A 选项 find 在含义和语气上都符合句意。
8. C 从下一句便可找到答案为 C 选项，give rise to 意为"引起，导致，使发生"。
9. D 选择 D 意为"找到关于餐馆名字的信息"，其他选项放此处均不合适。
10. D 此处需填一个谓语动词，因此要搞清主语"餐馆"与宾语"食物"之间的关系，只有"餐馆供应食物"合乎逻辑，故答案为 serve。
11. A 上文提到了种种人生理的、智力上的、认知的目标，因为饿得到了有关餐馆的信息，因而 此处要填"获取" ，B ，C，D 与文意不符。
12. B 此空依然承接上文的意思，那些目标都是获取信息的目标，都是学习的目标,答案为 B 选项。
13. B 此处缺一个情态动词，阅读到后半句时便很容易选出答案，此处的 might 与后面 as a person might 相呼应，表示不确定的推测，意为"可能，也许"。
14. D 能与 way 搭配的介词一般只有 in ，表示"以……方式"，此处的含义为"与一个人可能想要做事的方式相同"。
15. A arise out of 是固定搭配，意为"起于……"，即使不知道短语的含义，看到后面又出现一次 arise out of ，也应可以选出答案。
译文：
人与电脑的区别
是什么让人有别于电脑程序?我们的理论还没有解释的缺少的要素是什么?答案很简单：人们阅读报纸故事为了学习更多他们感兴趣的东西，而电脑不是。事实上，电脑甚至连兴趣都没有，当它们试图阅读时它们没有寻找任何特别的东西。如果一个电脑程序是理解故事模式，那它也是为了某个意图去阅读。
诚然，人类的意图若是被强加到电脑身上便没有任何意义。一个人可能会读就餐指南，只是为了解决饥饿或是有娱乐目的，也可能是为了寻找一个吃商务餐的好地方。电脑不会饿，也不吃商务餐。
然而，这些心理和社会目标会导致一些智力或者认知目标。一个想要解决饥饿的意图会促使这样的念头产生：找到一个提供我们想要的食物的餐厅，这餐厅叫什么名，价位如何，在什么位置等。我们把这些为了获取信息或者知识的目标叫做学习目标。电脑也能有这些目标；一台电脑也许“想要”寻找餐厅的方位，并且为了做得像一个人一样去阅读一个指南。虽然这样的目标就电脑来说不是产生于饥饿，但电脑很可能从这个目标去获得更多关于餐厅的信息。
第六篇 Teaching and Learning
Many teachers believe that the responsibilities for learning lie with the student. If a long reading assignment is given, instructors expect students to be familiar with the (1)________in the reading even if they do not discuss it in class or take an examination. The (2) _______ student is considered to be one who is motivated to learn for the sake of(3) _______, not the one interested only in getting high grades. Sometimes homework is returned(4) _______ brief written comments but without a grade. Even if a grade is not given, the student is(5) _______ for learning the material assigned. When research is(6) _______ , the professor expects the student to take it actively and to complete it with(7) _______ guidance. It is the student's responsibility to find books, magazines, and articles in the library. Professors do not have the time to explain(8) _______ a university library works; they expect students(9) _______ graduate students to exhaust the reference(10) _______ in the library. Professors will help students who need it, but(11) _______ that their students should not be (12) _______ dependent on them. In the United Stats professors have many other duties (13) _______ teaching， such as administrative or research work. Therefore, the time that a professor can spend with a student outside of class is (14) _______ . If a student has problems with classroom work , the student should either (15) _______ a professor during office hours or make an appointment.
词汇:
assignment / ə'sainmənt/n. 任务，作业 administrative / əd'ministrətiv / adj. 管理的， 行政的 motivate /'məuti,veit/ V. 剌激，激发……的积极性 appointment / ə'pɔintmən / n. 约定，约会 exhaust / ig'zɔ:st / V. 耗尽，使筋疲力尽;彻底 讨论
注释:
1. ...lie with ... :……是……的责任
working mothers职称英语篇二：职称英语-阅读理解与完形填空-综合B
2014年职称英语综合类(B级--阅读理解与完形填空汇总)
第四部分 阅读理解
第十七篇 Eiffel Is an Eyeful引人注目的埃菲尔铁塔
第十八篇 Goal of American Education美国教育的目标
第十九篇 The Family家庭
第二十篇 Tales of the Terrible Past讲述可怕的过去
第二十一篇 Spacing in Animals动物的空间距离
第二十二篇 Some Things We Know about Language我们知道的关于语言的一些事情
第二十三篇 The Only Way Is Up只好向上
第二十四篇 Clone Farm克隆农场
第二十五篇 Income收入
第二十六篇 Seeing the World Centuries Ago看许久以前的世界
第二十七篇 Importance of Services服务业的重要性
第二十八篇 the national park servince国家公园的服务机构
第二十九篇 I Will be Bach 我也能成为巴赫
第三十一篇 Pool Watch泳池监护
第三十二篇 The Cherokee Nation柴罗基部落
第六部分 完形填空
7.第七篇 The Difference between Man and Computer 人与电脑的区别
9.第九篇 The First Bicycle 第一辆自行车
10.第十篇 Working Mothers 职业母亲
职称英语教材上的文章占考试试卷的比例有多少?
职称英语考试的教材，教材每年大概出30到40分的题目，首先是我们的阅读理解的部分比较的重要，阅读理解比较重要的是有15分的题目，再有完形填空的15分，也是从书上去出题目的，对于占试卷的比例严格讲大概在30%到40%，因为词汇选项大概有4到10道题是来自于书上，近两年的考试有仅仅十道题左右是书上的，加上阅读理解和完形填空一般来说基本上从教材上历年的说法有45分，我们会出现更多的或者是更少的从教材上出题的情况。
2007年的理工A，08年理工和卫生B、C阅读理解都出了两个题是教材原题，原题总分达到了60分，同一年理工B就没有原题，综上所述职称英语考试原题的比例一般是45分左右，如果是考试这一年比较的幸运可能会出到60分，基本上把教材搞透就通关了，如果是运气不好只有30分的原题，其他的要根据自己的考点规律的总结去进行答题。为什么会出现这样的情况，可能是出题的老师疏忽了,也有可能是故意这样的，就是想去考察一下今年的考生综合的水平是如何的，这也是我带课堂上一起给大家强调的，一定要注重基础的学习，这也是讨论到的2014年的复习一定要重新的开始进行有效的备考。
第四部分 阅读理解
第十七篇 Eiffel Is an Eyeful
Some 300 meters up, near the Eiffel Tower’s wind-whipped summit the world comes to scribble. Japanese, Brazilians. Americans—they graffiti their names, loves and politics on the cold iron—transforming the most French of monuments into symbol of a world on the move.
With Pairs laid out in miniature below, it seems strange that visitors would rather waste time marking their presence than admiring the view. But the graffiti also raises a question: Why, nearly 114 years after it was completed, and decades after it ceased to be the world’s tallest structure, is la Tour Eiffel still so popular?
The reasons are as complex as the iron work that graces a structure some 90 stories high. But part of the answer is, no doubt, its agelessness, regularly maintained, it should never rust away. Graffiti is regularly painted over, but the tower lives on.
“Eiffel represents Paris and Paris is France. It is very symbolic,” says Hugues Richard, a 31-year-old Frenchman who holds the record for cycling up to the tower’s second floor—747 steps in 19 minutes and 4 seconds, without touching the floor with his feet. “It’s iron lady, it inspires us,” he says.
But to what? After all, the tower doesn’t have a purpose. It ceased to be the world’s tallest in 1930 when the Chrysler Building went up in New York. Yes, television and radio signals are beamed from the top, and Gustave Eiffel, a frenetic builder who died on December 27, aged 91, used its height for conducting research into weather, aerodynamics and radio communication.
But in essence the tower inspires simply by being there---a blank canvas for visitors to make of it what they will. To the technically minded, it’s an engineering triumph. For lovers, it’s romantic.
“The tower will outlast all of us, and by a long way,” says Isabelle Esnous, whose company manages Eiffel Tower.
练习:
1. Why does the author think the Eiffel Tower is transformed into symbol of a world on the move?
A) Tourists from all over the world come to the Eiffel Tower by car or by plane.
B) Tourists of all nationalities come to scribble on the cold iron of the Tower.
C) The Eiffel Tower is the tallest building in the world.
D) The Eiffel Tower represents all the towers in the world. 2. What seems strange to the author?
A) Visitors prefer wasting time scribbling to enjoying the view.
B) Visitors spends much time watching other people scribbling.
C) Only Japanese, Brazilians and Americans like to mark their presence.
D) Scribbling spread from country to country. 3. Which statement is NOT true of Hugues Richard?
A) He is a cyclist.
B) He is a record holder.
C) He climbed 747 steps up the tower in 19 minutes and 4 seconds.
D) He cycled up to the tower’s second floor. 4. What did the builder use the Eiffel Tower for?
A) Sending radio and television signals all over the world.
B) Conducting research in various fields.
C) Giving people inspiration.
D) Demonstrating French culture.
5. Which of the following is nearest in meaning to “(the Eiffel tower is like) a blank canvas for visitors to make of it what they will”?
A) Visitors can do whatever they want on the tower.
B) Visitors can paint on the tower whatever they want.
C) Visitors can imagine freely what the tower represents.
D) Visitors can draw on a blank canvas provided by the Tower management company.
答案：B A C B C
第十七篇 引人注目的埃菲尔铁塔
世界各地的人们都来到大约300米高，接近埃菲尔铁塔顶端的地方涂鸦。日本人、巴西人、美国人都在冰冷的铁上涂上白己的名字、喜好和政治观点，使这最具有法兰西色彩的纪念碑成为动感世界的象征。
从塔上可以看到巴黎市的远景，但奇怪的是观光者们宁愿花时间留下到此一游的痕迹，而不去观赏风景。但这些涂鸦者也引起了一个问题：为什么在建成1 14年后，埃菲尔铁塔仍然这么受欢迎？尽管它在几十年前就已经不是世界上最高的建筑物了。
这个问题的答案就像那构成90层的铁塔的工程一样复杂。一部分的理由是，毫无疑问，铁塔是永不过时的。周期性的维护使得它永远不会被腐蚀掉。埃非尔铁塔定期油漆，覆盖那些涂鸦，但是它仍将继续存在下去。
“埃菲尔是巴黎的象征，而巴黎仅代表了法国。所以，埃菲尔十分具有象征性。”Hugues Richard说道。这位31岁的法国人保持着在19分零4秒的时间内骑自行车经过747级台阶登上铁塔二层的纪录。“这是铁娘子，能让人产生灵感，”他说。
但是它能使人们产生怎样的灵感呢？毕竟，铁塔并没有任何目的。1930年纽约的克莱斯勒大厦取代它成为世界上最高的建筑。但是电视和广播信号仍然从塔顶发送出来，而古斯塔夫-埃菲尔，这个狂热的建造者利用它的高度进行气象学、空气动力学和无线电通讯的研究。他在12月27日逝世，终年9l岁。
本质上来说，铁塔伫立在那儿本身就是一个灵感——它就像一张空白的画布，任游客自由遐想。对于那些善于从技术角度考虑问题的人来说，它是一个工程上的胜利；而对于恋人们来说，它则象征着浪漫。
“这座塔将在我们所有的人离去后长久存在。”埃菲尔铁塔管理公司的伊莎贝尔说。
第十八篇 Goal of American Education
Education is an enormous and expensive part of American life. Its size is matched by its variety.
Differences in American schools compared with those found in the majority of other countries lie in the fact that education here has long been intended for everyone — not just for a privileged elite. Schools are expected to meet the needs of every child, regardless of ability, and also the needs of society itself. This means that public schools offer more than academic subjects. It surprises many people when they come here to find high schools offering such courses as typing, sewing, radio repair, computer programming or driver training, along with traditional academic subjects such as mathematics, history, and languages. Students choose their curricula depending on their interests, future goals, and level of ability. The underlying goal of American education is to develop every child to the utmost of his or her own possibilities, and to give each one a sense of civic and community consciousness.
Schools have traditionally played an important role in creating national unity and “Americanizing” the millions of immigrants who have poured into this country from many different backgrounds and origins. Schools still play a large role in the community, especially in the small towns.
The approach to teaching may seem unfamiliar to many, not only because it is informal, but also because there is not much emphasis on learning facts. Instead, Americans try to teach their children to think for themselves and to develop their own intellectual and creative abilities. Students spend much time, learning how to use resource materials, libraries, statistics and computers. Americans believe that if children are taught to reason well and to research well, they will be able to find whatever facts they need throughout the rest of their lives. Knowing how to solve problems is considered more important than the accumulation of facts.
This is America's answer to the searching question that thoughtful parents all over the world are asking themselves in the fast-moving time: “How can one prepare today's child for a tomorrow that one can neither predict nor understand?”
练习: 1. Which of the following best states the goal of American education?
A) To teach every learner some practical skills.
B) To provide every learner with rich knowledge.
C) To give every student the opportunity to fully develop his/her ability.
D) To train every student to be a responsible citizen. 2. It is implied in the passage that .
A) all high-school students take the same courses
B) every high-school students must take some practical ability training courses
C) every public school offers the same academic subjects
D) the subjects every student takes may vary
3. American schools place great emphasis on the learner’s .
A) enrichment of knowledge
B) accumulation of facts
C) acquisition of the ability to be creative
D) acquisition of the ability to work with his hands
4. According to the passage, American education meets the needs of all the following EXCEPT .
A) the brightest students
B) the slow students
C) the students from foreign countries
D) the immigrants
5. Which of the following best states the feature of American education that makes it different from education in other countries?
A) The large number of its schools.
B) The variety of the courses offered in its schools.
C) Its special consideration given to immigrants.
D) Its underlying goal to develop every child’s abilities to the fullest extent.
答案：C D C C D
第十八篇 美国教育的目标
教育是美国人的生活中很重要的一部分，花销也大。其规模宏大，种类多样。
与其他大多数国家相比，美国教育的不同在于美国教育是为每一个人设置的——不只是为享有特权的优等生。学校是要满足每个孩子的需要，不论其能力如何，同时也要满足社会本身的需求。这意味着公立学校提供的教育不只限于学术方面的课程。很多人来到美国之后会吃惊地发现，高中除了提供传统课程，例如：数学、历史和语言之外，他们还提供一些课程如打字、缝纫、无线电修理、计算机课程或驾驶训练课程。学生选择课程是根据个人喜好、目标以及能力水平。美国教育的潜在目标是将每一个孩子的能力最充分地发挥出来，培养每一个孩子的公民和社区觉悟感。
成千上万的移民者涌人这个国家，他们的出身背景不同。传统上，学校在建立民族团结以及使移民者美同化两方面起着重大作用。在社区中，尤其在小城镇，学校仍然起着重要作用。 大家对美国的教学方法似乎也很陌生。因为这种教学方法不仅不正式，而且不把重点放在学习具体知识上。相反，美国人教孩子独立思考，教他们自己去开发自己的智慧以及创造能力。学生花很多时问学习怎样使用参考资料、图书馆、数据以及计算机。美国人认为只要孩子具有好的推理能力，好的研究方法，他们就能在以后找到自己所需的具体知识。他们还认为懂得怎样解决问题比积累事实更重要。
在这个变化万千的时代里，全世界细心的父母都在思考一个尖锐而深刻的问题：“怎样为孩子的明天做准备呢？孩子的明天既不能预料也不能理解。”上述的教学方法正是美国对这一问题的回答。
第十九篇 The Family
The structure of a family takes different forms around the world and even in the same society. The family's form changes as it adapts to changing social and economic influences. Until recently, the most common form in North America was the nuclear family，consisting of a married couple with their minor children. The nuclear family is an independent unit. It must be prepared to fend for itself. Individual family members strongly depend on one another. There is little help from outside the family in emergencies. Elderly relatives of a nuclear family are cared for only if it is possible for the family to do so. In North America，the elderly often do not live with the family ; they live in retirement communities and nursing homes.
There are many parallels between the nuclear family in industrial societies，such as
North
America，and of families in societies such as that of the Inuits，who live in harsh environments. The nuclear family structure is well adapted to a life of mobility. In harsh conditions，mobility allows the family to hunt for food. For North Americans，the hunt for jobs and improved social status also requires mobility.
The nuclear family was not always the North American standard. In a more agrarian time，the small nuclear family was usually part of a larger extended family. This might have included grandparents，mother and father，brothers and sisters，uncles，aunts，and cousins. In North America today，there is a dramatic rise in the number of single-parent households. Twice as many households in the United States are headed by divorced，separated，or never-married individuals as are comprised of nuclear families. The structure of the family，not just in North America, but throughout the world，continues to change as it adapts to changing conditions.
练习:
1. Another good title for this passage would be_____.
A) What Makes a Family?
B) The Life of the Inuits.
C) Living with Hardship.
D) The Failure of theNuclear Family.
2. A nuclear family is defined as_____.
A) a married couple with their minor children
B) a single father with，minor children
C) parents，grandparents，and children
D) parents，children，and aunts and uncles
3. The information in this passage would most likely be found in_____.
A) an anthropology textbook B) a biology textbook
C) a mathematics textbook D) a geography textbook
4. The information in the first paragraph is presented mainly through _____.
A) listing statistics B) telling a story
C) pointing out similarities D) pointing out differences
5. The word mobility means_____.
A) money B) readiness to move C) organization D) skill
答案：A A A C B
第十九篇 家 庭
在全世界，甚至在同一个社会中，家庭结构有着不同的形式。家庭的构成形式随着不断变化的社会和经济影响而改变。直到最近，北美洲最普遍的家庭形式为核心家庭，由-对夫妇和他们未婚的孩子构成。核心家庭是一个独立的单位。它必须能够照料自己。家庭成员紧密依赖着彼此。在紧急情况下，外界提供给家庭的帮助微乎其微。核心家庭中，只有当条件允许的时候，才会照料家中年长的亲属。在北美洲．老人很少和家人一起生活，他们一般住在退休社区和养老机构。 在工业社会，例如北美洲，核心家庭之问有很多相似点。在居住在恶劣环境中的因纽特人的社会中，家庭间也有很多相似点。核心家庭结构良好地适应于流动性的生活。在恶劣的条件下，流动性能让一个家庭吃饱饭。对北美洲人来说，找工作和提高社会地位同样需要流动性。
核心家庭并不总是北美洲人的标准。在农业社会时期，小型的核心家庭经常是大家庭的一部分。其中可能包括了祖父母、父母、兄弟姐妹、叔伯、阿姨以及表兄弟姐妹。在现在的北美洲，单亲家庭的数目大幅度增加。由核心家庭构成的单亲家庭的数目是美国由于离婚、分居或者未婚导致的单亲家庭的两倍。不仅在北美洲，在世界范围内，家庭结构都会随着不断变化的条件而改变。
第二十篇 Tales of the Terrible Past
It is not the job of fiction writers to analyze and interpret history. Yet by writing about the past in a vivid and compelling manner，storytellers can bring earlier eras to
working mothers职称英语篇三：2015职称英语综合B完形填空重要篇目含译文
第十篇 Working Mothers
Carefully conducted researches that have followed the children of working mothers have not been able to show any long-term problems，compared with children whose mothers stayed at home. My personal (1) _______ is that mothers should be allowed to work if they wish. Whether we like it or not ，there are a (2) _______ of mothers who just have to work.. There are those who have invested such a big part of their lives in establishing a career that they cannot (3) _______ see it lost. Then there are many who must work out of pure economic (4) _______. Many mothers are not (5) _______ out to be full-time parents. After a few months at home with a much loved infant ，they feel trapped and isolated.
There are a number of options when it (6) _______ to choosing childcare. These range from child minders and nannies through to Granny or the kind lady (7) _______ the street. (8) _______, however ，many parents don't have any choice; they have to accept anything they can get. Be prepared! No (9) _______ how good the childcare may be ，some children are going to protest wildly if they are left. This is a (10) _______ normal stage of child development. Babies separate well in the first six months，but soon after that they start to get a crush on Mum and close family (11) _______ . Make sure that in the first week you allow (12) _______ time to help your child settle in.
All children are different. Some are independent ，while others are more (13) _______ to their mothers. Remember that if you want to(14) _______ the best for your children ，it's not the quantity of time you spend with them，it's the (15) _______ that matters.
练习:
1. A) view B) idea C) thought D) decision
2. A) percentage B) group C) number D) proportion
3. A) afford B) decide C) hope D) expect
4. A) reason B) duty C) necessity D) task
5. A) made B) cut C) brought D) born
6. A) refers B) concerns C) turns D) comes
7. A) of B) opposite C) across D) next to
8. A) In addition B) In fact C) In reality D) In contrast
9. A) way B) matter C) surprise D) exception
10. A) perfectly B) extremely C) very D) certainly
11. A) people B) adults C) members D) grown-ups
12. A) little B) no C) lots D) plenty of
13. A) used B) attached C) keen D) fond
14. A) make B) give C) have D) do
15. A) quality B) attitude C) behavior D) manner
答案与题解:
1. A 此处阐明作者的观点，只有view 能代表对某方面的"见解"或"观点"，其他选项只是单 纯的"想想、法"或是"决定", 不合题意。
2. C a number of 是固定搭配，修饰可数名词，表示数量上"很多"。
3. A can't afford to do sth.为惯用语，表示"负担不起……"。
4. C 此题四个选项在语法上都能与前面的 out of 搭配，out of reason 意为"无理的,不合理的" ，out of duty 与 out of task 意思是"出于责任，任务的"，out of necessity "有必要，出于.…...的必要，综合分析只有C选项填入此空较为合理。
5. B 固定搭配 be cut out for/be cut out to do sth. 意为"适合于，天生就是做某事的料" ，make out"理解，辨认出;亲热" ，bring out"使显出;出版;生产"，只有 B 选项符合文意。
6. D it comes to sth. 为惯用说法，在这里意思是"涉及"，整句说的是"当涉及儿童托管时，有许多方式可供选择"，refer to 意为"指……而言"。
7. C across the street 意为"街对面"，其他选项的词搭配不当，故选 C。
8. C 此处讨论在现实状况下，很多父母根本没有选择的余地。"在现实状况下"就是 in reality ，此题容易误选 B ，in fact 意为"事实上，实际上"，常常表示经过推论得出的结果，放在此处其实也不算错，但是完形填空不是让我们选出正确的答案，而是选出最合适的选项，故此题选 C。
9. B no matter +疑问词，表示"无论……"，此句意为"不管你选的托管方式有多好，一些孩子被留下时，都会激烈抗议"。
10. A perfectly normal 为惯用说法，意思是"完全正常的"，其他选项虽说在语法上与逻辑上也不错，但 perfectly 更好些。
11. C family members"家庭成员"，其他选项均不适合，C 为正确答案。
12. D 首先从逻辑上排除 A 和 B 选项，一定是留给孩子足够"多"的时间。C 选项 lots 后面若能加上介词 of 则构成修饰可数名字的短语，lots of"许多的"，原文中被修饰词 time 是不可数名词，只有 D 选项 plenty of 可以修饰不可数名词，表示"大量的"。
13. B 四个选项中除了 fond 与 of 搭配，意为"喜欢"之外，其他的选项都可与 to 搭配，be used to sth./doing"习惯于(做)某事"，be attached to"依附于，依恋于" ，be keen to do sth. "急切， 渴望"，此处孩子要"依恋于"母亲，因此 B 选项正确。
14. D 此处意为"为你的孩子做到最好"，一般用 do one' s best for ，而不用 make one' s best ，若想用 give，则是 give one' s best to，因此只有 D 选项符合要求。
15. A 上半句的 quantity 已经对此题的答案做出了暗示，一定是"质量" quality 与"数量" quantity 相对。
译文：
职业母亲
与全职母亲的孩子相比，对职业母亲的孩子仔细进行的调查并没有展示出任何长期的问题。我的个人观点是，只要妈妈们想工作，那么她们就可以工作。不管我们是否喜欢这一点，有许多妈妈不得不工作，这是事实。有这样的母亲，她们已投入了大半生去创建事业，若是失去这份事业，她们承受不起。还有许多母亲完全是出于经济上的原因必须工作。很多母亲并不是做全职母亲的这块料，与这么可爱的婴儿在家待几个月之后，她们感觉受到了限制，被孤立了。
涉及儿童托管，有很多方式可供选择，从托儿所和保姆到奶奶或是街对面的好心女士。然而实际上，许多父母没有任何选择，不管能有什么都得接受。准备好了啊!不管你选的托管方式有多好，一些孩子被留下时，都会激烈抗议，这是儿童发展过程中完全正常的一个阶段。婴儿刚出生的前六个月对与母亲分开没有感觉，但不久之后他们便会对母亲和亲密家庭成员产生依恋。要保证在第一周付出足够多的时间来帮助他安稳下来。
每个孩子都是不一样的，有的很独立，有的却很依恋母亲。如果你想为你的孩子做到最好，那么记住这一点，你与孩子相处时间的长短不重要，相处过程中的质量才重要
。
第七篇 The Difference between Man and Computer
The Difference between Man and Computer
What makes people different from computer programs? What is the missing element that our theories don’t yet (1) ______ for? The answer is simple: People read newspaper stories for a reason: to learn more about (2) ______they are interested in. Computers, on the other hand， don't. In fact，computers don't (3) ______ have interests; there is nothing in particular that they are trying to find out when they read. If a computer (4) ______is to be a model of story understanding ，it should also read for a "purpose".
Of course ，people have several goals that do not make (5) ______ to attribute to computers. One might read a restaurant guide (6) ______order to satisfy hunger or entertainment goals, or to (7) ______a good place to go for a business lunch. Computers do not get hungry, and computers do not have business lunches.
However ，these physiological and social goals give (8) ______to several intellectual or cognitive goals. A goal to satisfy hunger gives rise to goals to find (9) ______ about the name of a restaurant which (10) ______ the desired type of food ，how expensive the restaurant is，the location of the restaurant, etc. These are goals to (11) ______ information or knowledge, what we are calling (12) ______ goals. These goals can be held by computers too; a computer (13) ______ "want" to find out the location of a restaurant ，and read a guide in order to do so (14) ______ the same way as a person might. While such a goal would not (15) ______out of hunger in the case of the computer，it might well arise out of the "goal" to learn more about restaurants.
练习:
1. A) express B) explain C) account D) count
2. A) why B) how C) what D) when
3. A) once B) even C) ever D) often
4. A) program B) instruction C) system D) function
5. A). success B) sense C) scene D) point
6. A) of B) or C) in D) and
7. A) find B) search C) look D) watch
8. A) way B) play C) rise D) birth
9. A) place B) food C)reference D)information
10. A) orders B) sells C)supports D) serves
11. A) acquire B) ask C) require D) consult
12. A) understanding B) learning C) knowledge D) awareness
13. A) could B) might C)should D) would
14. A) as B) on C)by D) in
15. A) arise B) rise C)consent D) derive
答案与题解:
1. C 此处考查对固定搭配的掌握情况，只有account能与for 搭配，意为"解释"，其他三个选项的词都是及物动词，不与介词搭配。
2. C 分析全句，此处应填一个宾语从句的引导词，从句中缺少宾语，故应填 what ，此句意为
"去了解他们所感兴趣的东西"，其他三个选项均为关系副词，不能充当从句中的宾语。
3. B 此处选 even 加强语气，"事实上，电脑甚至都没有兴趣"。
4. A computer program 是常见搭配，意为"电脑程序"，其他选项与句意不符，故排除。
5. B make sense 是固定搭配，意思是"有道理, 合理, 能被理解"。整句的意思为"当然人也有目标，但这些目标若被归在电脑身上便不合逻辑了"。
6. C in order to 是固定搭配，表示目的，意为"为了……"，故选 C。
7. A 结合上下文我们得知，此处应填具有"寻找"含义的词，watch 没有此含义，首先被排除，C 选项后若加上 for ，便符合文意，search 有"搜寻，查找"的含义，但一般指深人彻底地调查，只 有 A 选项 find 在含义和语气上都符合句意。
8. C 从下一句便可找到答案为 C 选项，give rise to 意为"引起，导致，使发生"。
9. D 选择 D 意为"找到关于餐馆名字的信息"，其他选项放此处均不合适。
10. D 此处需填一个谓语动词，因此要搞清主语"餐馆"与宾语"食物"之间的关系，只有"餐馆供应食物"合乎逻辑，故答案为 serve。
11. A 上文提到了种种人生理的、智力上的、认知的目标，因为饿得到了有关餐馆的信息，因而 此处要填"获取" ，B ，C，D 与文意不符。
12. B 此空依然承接上文的意思，那些目标都是获取信息的目标，都是学习的目标,答案为 B 选项。
13. B 此处缺一个情态动词，阅读到后半句时便很容易选出答案，此处的 might 与后面 as a person might 相呼应，表示不确定的推测，意为"可能，也许"。
14. D 能与 way 搭配的介词一般只有 in ，表示"以……方式"，此处的含义为"与一个人可能想要做事的方式相同"。
15. A arise out of 是固定搭配，意为"起于……"，即使不知道短语的含义，看到后面又出现一次 arise out of ，也应可以选出答案。
译文：
人与电脑的区别
是什么让人有别于电脑程序?我们的理论还没有解释的缺少的要素是什么?答案很简单：人们阅读报纸故事为了学习更多他们感兴趣的东西，而电脑不是。事实上，电脑甚至连兴趣都没有，当它们试图阅读时它们没有寻找任何特别的东西。如果一个电脑程序是理解故事模式，那它也是为了某个意图去阅读。
诚然，人类的意图若是被强加到电脑身上便没有任何意义。一个人可能会读就餐指南，只是为了解决饥饿或是有娱乐目的，也可能是为了寻找一个吃商务餐的好地方。电脑不会饿，也不吃商务餐。
然而，这些心理和社会目标会导致一些智力或者认知目标。一个想要解决饥饿的意图会促使这样的念头产生：找到一个提供我们想要的食物的餐厅，这餐厅叫什么名，价位如何，在什么位置等。我们把这些为了获取信息或者知识的目标叫做学习目标。电脑也能有这些目标；一台电脑也许“想要”寻找餐厅的方位，并且为了做得像一个人一样去阅读一个指南。虽然这样的目标就电脑来说不是产生于饥饿，但电脑很可能从这个目标去获得更多关于餐厅的信息。 第六篇 Teaching and Learning
Many teachers believe that the responsibilities
for learning lie with the student. If a long reading _______in the reading even if they do not discuss it in class or take an examination. The (2) _______ student is considered to be one who is motivated to learn for the sake of(3) _______, not the one interested only in getting high grades. Sometimes homework is returned(4) _______ brief written comments but without a grade. Even if a grade is not given, the student is(5) _______ for learning the material assigned. When research is(6) _______ , the professor expects the student to take it actively and to complete it with(7) _______ guidance. It is the student's responsibility to find books, magazines, and articles in the library. Professors do not have the time to explain(8) _______ a university library works; they expect students(9) _______ graduate students to exhaust the reference(10) _______ in the library. Professors will help students who need it, but(11) _______ that their students should not be (12) _______ dependent on them. In the United Stats professors have many other duties (13) _______ teaching， such as administrative or research work. Therefore, the time that a professor can spend with a student outside of class is (14) _______ . If a student has problems with classroom work , the student should either (15) _______ a professor during office hours or make an appointment.
练习:
1. A) suggestion B) context C) abstract D) information
2. A) poor B) ideal C) average D) disappointed
3. A) fun B) work C) learning D) prize
4. A) by B) in C) for D) with
5. A) criticized B) innocent C) responsible D) dismissed
6. A) collected B) distributed C) assigned D) finished
7. A) maximum B) minimum C)possible D) practical
8 A) when B) what C)why D) how
9. A) particularly B) essentially C) obviously D) rarely
10. A) selections B) collections C) sources D) origins
11. A) hate B) dislike C) like D) prefer
12. A) too B) such C)much D) more
13. A) but B) except C) with D) besides
14. A) plentiful B) limited C) irregu1ar D) flexible
15. A) greet B) annoy C) approach D) attach
答案与题解:
1. D 综合第一句的大意，只有 D 选项"信息"填在这里恰当，A 选项的意思是"提议，暗示" ，B"语境，上下文" ，C"摘要"。
2. B 此句大意为"理想的学生是为了学习而学习"，只有 ideal最符合要求，故选 B。
3. C 本文讲的是与学生学习相关的内容，A，B，D 均不合文意及句意，故排除。
4. D 此处要区分几个介词的含义，be returned with 一般有"带着……回来"之意，此句意为 "有时，被发回来的作业上只有简短的评价，并无分数"。be returned by 意为"被……带回来"，而 for ，in 于此搭配不当，答案选 D。
5. C be responsible for 是固定搭配，表示"对……负责任"。其他选项放在此处都不合上下文含意。
6. C 此句意思是"当一项研究课题被选定时，教授们期望学生积极去做"。A 和 D 不合题意，
最大的干扰项 B 意思为"分配，分布"，一般指一个整体被分散给许多个体，与之相比，C 选项更为合适。
7. B 老师肯定希望学生能够在尽可能少的指导下完成研究。只有 B 选项意为"最小的"，为正确答案。
8. D 首先排除 B 选项，因为此处需要一个关系副词充当宾语从句的状语，而 what 是关系代
词，之后要看整句的意思，教授们没有时间去给学生解释一个大学图书馆是怎样运作的。A
和 C 虽然符合语法要求，但放此处意思不通，故选 D。
9. A A 选项意为"尤其" ，B"本质上" ，C"明显地"，D"很少地，难得"。此处强调毕业生，A 选项较为合适。
10. C 此句意为"教授们期望学生，尤其是研究生阅尽图书馆中的文献资源 "。 A 意为"选集"，B 为"集合"，两者一般都指文学作品的"集合"，而此处是学术界的文献。C 与 D 选项都有"来源，源头"的意思，但 D 选项侧重于"起源，开端"，C 更侧重于"原始资料"，为正确答案。
11. D 根据下文意思，A和B 选项可直接排除，教授们肯定是喜欢学生不依赖他们，不是不喜欢。D 选项的含义比 C 选项更递进了一步，符合题意，故选D。
12. A dependent 是形容词，前面不能与 such ，much 搭配，D 选项 more 放在此处构成比较级，但前文并无原级与之相比较，因此只剩下 A 为答案，此句意为"教授们愿意帮助那些需要帮助的学生，但更希望学生不要太过依赖他们"。
13. D 此题重点在于区分三个有"除……之外"含义的介词。A 选项一般翻译成"而不是，并不是" ，B 选项意为"除去……之外"，D 选项意为"除去……之外还……"，此句意思为"美国的教授除了教书之外还有许多其他的职责"，故 D 为答案。
14. B 根据上文含义，一个教授能花在学生身上的时间一定是有限的，A，C，D 不合题意，直接排除，
B 选项为正确答案。
15. C 此题还是承接上文含义，正因为教授时间有限，因此学生若想与之沟通，定要等教授在学校的时
working mothers职称英语篇四：2015年职称英语综合类-完形填空译文全
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2015年职称英语国家指定教材完形填空新增文章
综合类
2015年职称英语_国家指定教材_完形填空_所有文章中英文对照版 ........................................................................ 2
完形填空文章_综合类_C级 ............................................................................................................2 第一篇 A Life with Birds【有鸟陪伴的生活】 ........................................................................................................ 2 第二篇 A Lucky Break【幸福的骨折】 . 第三篇 Global Warming 【全球变暖】 . 第四篇 A Success Story【一个成功的故事】 . 第五篇 Traffic in Our Cities 【城市的交通】 .
完形填空文章_综合类_B级 .11 第六篇 Teaching and Learning【教与学】 第七篇 The Difference between Man and Computer 第八篇 Look on The Bright Side 【看光明的一面】 . 第九篇 The First Bicycle【第一辆自行车】 第十篇 Working Mothers 【职业母亲】
完形填空文章_综合类_A级 .21 第十一篇 School Lunch【学校午餐】 第十二篇 A Powerful Influence【强大的影响 】 第十三篇 The Old Gate【古老之门】 第十四篇 Family History【家族史】 第十五篇 Helen and Martin
完形填空文章课后练习参考答案__32
完形填空文章_综合类_C级
第一篇 【有鸟陪伴的生活】
Tower, of the gatehouses. “____3____ our bedroom we have a marvellous view of Tower Bridge and the
The Tower of London is famous ___4____its ravens, the large black birds which have lived there for over three centuries. David was immediately fascinated by the birds and when he was ____5___ the post of Raven Master eight years ago he had no ____6____ in accepting it. “The birds have now become my life and I'm always ____7___ of the fact that I am ___8____ a tradition. The legend says that if the ravens leave the Tower, England will fall to enemies, and it's my job to ____9____ sure this doesn't happen!”
David ____10____about four hours a day to the care of the ravens. He has grown to love them and the
____11____ that he lives right next to them is ideal. “I can ____12____ a close eye on them all the time, and not just when I'm working.” ____13____, David's wife Mo was not ____14____ on the idea of life in the Tower, but she too will be sad to leave when he retires next year. “When we look out of our windows we see history ___15_____ around us, and we are taking it in and storing it up for our future memories. ”
文章翻译：
有鸟陪伴的生活
作为伦敦塔的守卫者之一David Cope在那里工作了近17年，被游客们称为Beefeaters。岁，生活在Byward塔顶部的一个三居室的单元里，一个警卫室。David说：“伦敦塔桥和泰晤士河的一个美好景色。”
伦敦塔以大黑色的鸟——乌鸦而著名，它们已经在那里生活了三个多世纪。当他在八年前被提供乌鸦主人的职位时他毫不犹豫地接受了它。“种情况不会发生!”
David每天大约用四个小时的时间来护理乌鸦。他已经爱上了它们，选择。“David的妻子Mo对生活在塔里的想法并不热衷，但David当我们透过我们的窗口向外看，”
练习：
1. A) more B) better D) very
2. A) height B) summit D) top
3. A) Since B) Out D) Through
4. A) for B D) by
5. A) award D) offered
6. A) regret C) hesitation D) choice
7. A) aware C) pleased D) delighted
8. A) holding 9. A) take C) surviving D) lasting C) have D) keep
C) passes D) provides
B) chance C) opportunity D) fact
B) have C) keep D) put
B) First of all C) At first D) First
B) keen C) fond D) happy
B) all C) much D) so
答案与题解：
1．B better据上下文，这里at the top of排除D，再根据句意，为“更为人所熟知”，因而better是正确答案。
2．D 根据句意，词组搭配at the top of，表示在……顶部最为合适。Height意为summit意为“最高点”，peak意为“顶峰”，所以选D。
3．C 根据句意，从卧室的角度看去，from最为恰当。
4．A 固定搭配be famous for意为“以……而著名”，文中要表达的是伦敦塔以乌鸦耳而for为正确答案。
5．D 根据句意，David是被提供了这样一个职位，所以offered最为恰当。award表厅applied表示“应用”，presented表示“给予，呈现”，均不符合句意。原版Q:⒎②妻◎○Ⅶ○08。
6．c 根据上下文，很容易理解David是这么迷恋这种黑鸟，因而毫不犹豫地接受了主所以hesitation为正确答案。
7．A be aware of表示“意识到”，有这样一个警觉。其他三项均不符合句意。
8．B 固定搭配maintain a tradition，保持一个传统，maintain最为恰当。hold表示survive表示“存活，幸存”，last表示“维持”。
9．B 固定搭配make sure，意为“确保”，在文中表达的是“确保这种状况不会发生”，因而选10.A 根据句意，David，专用于……”最为恰当。spend后需加动词ing形式。pass表示“经过”，provide表示“
11.D 这是一个定语从句，根据句意，David理想的，所以fact是正确答案。
12. C keep an eye on为固定搭配，意为“注意，关注”，所以选C。
13. C 根据句意，作者要表达的意思是起初，David的妻子Moat first表示“起初，开始时”符合句意。
14. B be keen on为固定搭配，表示“对……感兴趣，对……in，fond后应配介词of，因此正确答案是B。
15. B all为最佳答案。
第二篇 A Lucky Break In the film Play it to the the part of a middleweight boxer alongside Woody Harrelson. ____3____ the ____4____complaining that the fight ____5____ weren't very ____6___ his in the third round, Harrelson hit Banderas ____9____ hard in the face that he his His wife, actress Melanie Griffith, was furious that he had been playing “silly macho ___12_____ of becoming a soccer star, of performing in front of a big crowd, but doctors told him his playing days were probably over. “That's when I decided to take ___13_____ acting; I saw it as ___14_____ way of performing, and achieving recognition. What happened to me on that football ____15____ was, you might say, my first lucky break. ”
文章翻译：
幸福的骨折
演员Antonio Banderas经常骨折，而且它似乎总是发生在运动时。在影片《拳拳到骨》中，他与Woody Harrelson并肩，扮演一个中量级拳击手。在影片制作过程中，Harrelson不停地抱怨整个打斗场面并不是很令人信服，所以一天，他提议他和Banderas应该进行一场真正的打斗。这位西班牙演员起初对这一想法并不热衷，但最终他还是被他的搭档说服了，他戴上他的手套，爬上了拳击台。然而，当他意识到他的对手是全心全意投入进来时，他开始后悔自己要打斗的决定。在第三轮，Harrelson狠狠地打在Banderas的脸上，以至于居然打破了Banderas的鼻子。女演员Melanie Griffith，他的妻子对他进行这样一场“傻男子气概的游戏”非常愤怒。 “她是对的”，Banderas承认道，“我在电影拍摄过程中进行这样一个冒险真是一个傻瓜。”
在众多观众前比赛。但他的医生告诉他，他的比赛生涯也许就要结束了。“骨折。”
练习：
1. A) practicing B) making
C) doing C) gives C) While C) carried
D) after
D) participant
D) so
D) get
D) replayed
D) looked forward
D) over
D) another
D) course 2. A) plays B) does 3. A) When B) As 5. A) actions 6. A) interested 4. A) kept B) continued B) matches B) keen C) dreamed C) to C) different C) court 7. A) lastly B) eventually 8. A) competitor B) contender 9. A) very B) more 10. A) take B 11. A) remembered 12. A) hoped 13. A) up 14. A) further
1．C do。practise表示“练习”，后面应跟某sport，所以正确答案为C。
2．„为固定搭配，意为“扮演一个„„的角色”，其他三项均不合适。
3．D during。
4．A 根据句意，Harrelson在影片制作过程中不断地抱怨，而且后面的动词complain用的是ing形式，因此动词keep“连续，不断”最为恰当。continue后加动词ing形式一般表示在停顿后重新开始、继续，carry -般后面跟介词on，表示“进行某项事务”，insist表示“坚决主张”，不合句意，所以选A。
5．C 联系上下文，因为是影片中的打斗场景，所以这里scene是正确答案。
6．B be keen on为固定搭配，表示“对„„感兴趣，对„„热衷”，interest后面配介词in，enthusiastic后面配介词of。
7．B 联系上下文，作者要表达的是最终他还是被他的搭档说服了，副词eventually放在动词persuade之前，lastly表示“最后一点，最后”，“at the end”一般放在段落的最后，表示最后怎么样。
8．C 根据句意，“当他意识到„„是全心全意投入进来时，他开始后悔自己要打斗的决定”，显然是对手非常认真的对待这场打斗，所以opponent是正确答案。
9．D so„that„同定搭配，太„„以至于„„，根据句意，“Harrelson如此狠地打在Banderas的脸上，以至于居然打破了Banderas的鼻子”，其他选项都不适合。
10.A 固定搭配take a risk，表示“冒险”。
11.B 事促使他想起了故乡的那次比赛，remind表示“提醒”，符合句意。remember句意。押题，⑦2Ⅶ零灵Ⅶ零0⑻。
12.C 根据句意和后面的介词of，显然，“他一直梦想成为一个足球明星”，pretend表示“假装”，后面跟介词to，不合句意；look forward
13.A 固定搭配take up sth,up是正确答案。
14.D
15.B 词组football pitch，表示“足球场”。前面由介词onmatch“比赛”。court表示“网球场”，course
第三篇 Global Warming 【全球变暖】
____1____ the blame for recent natural increase ____2____the world's temperatures and are
Environmental on governments to take action to reduce the ____10____ of
全球变暖
现在很少有人质疑全球变暖的现实及其对世界气候的影响。许多科学家把全球气温上升归咎于最近的自然灾害，他们确信，地球现在比以往任何时候都更受到风、雨和太阳这些力量的威胁。据他们说，全球变暖制造了极端天气事件，例如飓风、干旱，甚至更为严重的以至于世界各地的海平面上升。
环保团体对政府施加压力，要求政府采取行动减少工厂和发电厂排放的二氧化碳量，攻击它的资源问题。他们都赞成把更多的资金用到研发太阳能、风能和波浪能装置上，以取代现有的发电站。
然而，还有一些科学家，他们相信即使明天我们不再排放二氧化碳和其他气体到大气层中，我们也将不
working mothers职称英语篇五：2012年职称英语综合类 新增文章(含练习解析及译文) 完美编辑版
2012年职称英语综合类
新增文章
阅读判断（2篇）
第七篇ModerateEarthquakeStrikesEngland
ComputerMouse*第十一篇
概括大意与完成句子（2篇）
第六篇
第十篇HowWeFormFirstlmpressionWashoeLearnedAmericanSignLanguage
阅读理解（15篇）
第一篇
第八篇
第十篇
第十一篇
第十六篇
*第十九篇
*第二十篇
*第二十六篇
*第三十篇
*第三十三篇
+第三十四篇
+第三十五篇
+第三十七篇
+第三十八篇
+第四十七篇TellingTalesaboutPeopleTheChangingMiddleClassALetterfromAlanTheDevelopmentofBalletTheSaharaTheFamilyTalesoftheTerriblePastSeeingtheWorldCenturiesAgo”LordLucan-----AliveorDead“LuckyLucky”OseolaMcCartyToHaveandHaveNotGoingHerOwnWayPopMusicinAfricaWhySoManyChildren?NarrowEscape
补全短文（2篇）
第九篇
*第十一篇HeatIsKillerVirtualDriver
完形填空（15篇）
第一篇
第二篇
第三篇
第四篇
第五篇
第六篇
*第七篇ALifewithBirdsALuckyBreakGlobalWarmingASuccessStoryTrafficinOurCitiesTeachingandlearningTheDifferencebetweenManandComputer
*第八篇
*第九篇
*第十篇
+第十一篇
+第十二篇
+第十三篇
+第十四篇
+第十五篇LookonTheBrightSideTheFirstBicycleWorkingMothersSchoolLunchAPowerfulInfluenceTheOldGateFamilyHistoryHelenandMartin
阅读理解和完形填空的译文见最后
注：1、+表示A级文章；*表示B即文章；其他为C级文章；
2、阅读判断，请参见第4页；概括大意与完成句子，请参见第8页；阅读理解，请参见第13页；补全短文，请参见第43页
3、2012年词汇部分与2011年教材相比未作任何变化。
阅读判断
第七篇ModerateEarthquakeStrikesEngland
AmoderateearthquakestruckpartsofsoutheastEnglandon28April2007，topplingchimneysfromhousesandrousingresidentsfromtheirbeds.Severalthousandpeoplewereleftwithoutpower1inKentCounty.Onewomansufferedminorheadandneckinjuries.
"ltfeltasifthewholehousewasbeingslidacrosslikeafun-fairride,3"saidthewoman.
TheBritishGeologicalSurveysaidthe4.3-magnitudequake4struckat8:19a.m.andwascenteredundertheEnglishChannel5，about8.5milessouthofDover6andneartheentrancetotheChannelTunnel7.
Witnessessaidcracksappearedinwallsandchimneyscollapsedacrossthecounty.Residentssaidthetremorhadlastedforabout10to15seconds.
"Iwaslyinginbedanditfeltasifsomeonehadjustgotupfrombednexttome."saidHendrickvanEck，27，ofCanterbury8about60milessoutheastofLondon."Ithenheardthesoundofcracking，anditwasgettingheavierandheavier9.Itfeltasifsomeonewasattheendofmybedhoppingupanddown."
Therearethousandsofmoderatequakesonthisscalearoundtheworldeachyear，buttheyarerareinBritain.TheApril28quakewasthestrongestinBritainsince2002whena4.8-magnitudequakestruckthecentralEnglandcityofBirmingham10.
Thecountry'sstrongestearthquaketookplaceintheNorthSeain1931，measuring6.1ontheRichterscale11.BritishGeologicalSurveyscientistRogerMussonsaidthequaketookplaceon28AprilinanareathathadseenseveralofthebiggesterthquakesevertostrikeBritain，includingonein1580thatcauseddamageinLondonandwasfeltinFrance.12Mussonpredictedthatitwasonlyamatteroftime13beforeanotherearthquakestruckthispartofEngland.However，peopleshouldnotbescaredtoomuchbythisprediction，Mussonsaid，asthemodernearthquakewarningsystemofBritainshouldbeabletodetectaforthcomingquakeandannounceitseveralhoursbeforeittakesplace.Thiswouldallowtimeforpeopletoevacuateandreducedamagetotheminimum.
词汇:
moderate/'m dərit/adj.中等的magnitude/'mægnitju:d/n.值，强度量
topple/’t pl/v.倾倒，震倒rouse/ravz/v.唤醒
tremor/’tremə(r)/n.震动hop/h p/v.齐足跳起
fun-fairn.公共露天游乐场scale/skeil/n.震级
forthcoming/‘f :θ’k miŋ)/adj.即将来临的evacuate/i'vækjveit/v.疏散
geological/d iə'l d ikəl/adj.地质的
注释:
1.power:电力
2.KentCounty:肯特郡[位于英格兰东南部]
3.Itfeltasifthewholehousewasbeingslidacrosslikeafun-fairride.它(地震)给人的感觉是
整幢房子就像游乐场的滑行机一样在滑动.ride是游乐场供人玩乐的乘坐式的活动装置。asif是"好像……一样；仿佛"，例如:HetreatedmeasifIwerehisson.他待我如同待他的儿子一样。
4.the.4.3-magnitudequake:里氏4.3级地震
5.EnglishChannel:英吉利海峡
6.Dover:多佛尔[英格兰东南部港口城市]
7.ChannelTunnel:海峡隧道。ChannelTunnel(常简称为Chunnel)是连接英法两国的海峡隧道。
8.Canterbury:坎特伯雷[英格兰东南部城市，中世纪时曾是宗教朝圣圣地]
9.itwasgettingheavierandheavier:爆裂声越来越响
10.Birmingham:伯明翰[英格兰中部城市]
11.theRichterscale:里氏震级表。美国地震学家CharlesFrancisRichter(1900-1985)于1935年制定了地震震级表。
12.BritishGeologicalSurveyscientistRogerMussonsaidthequaketookplaceon28AprilinanareathathadseenseveralofthebiggestearthquakesevertostrikeBritain，includingonein1580thatcauseddamageinLondonandwasfeltinFrance.英国地质勘测所的科学家RogerMusson说，4月28日发生地震的地区曾经遭受过几起英国最大的地震，其中的一次发生在1580年，那次地震蹂躏了伦敦，并波及法国。
13.amatteroftime:时间问题。又如:It'snotamatterofmoney.这个不是钱的问题。
练习:
1.DuringtheApril28earthquake，thewholeEnglandwasleftwithoutpower.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
2.TheChannelTunnelwasclosedfor10hoursaftertheearthquakeoccurred.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
3.Itwasreportedthatoneladyhadgotherheadandneckinjured，butnotseriously.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
4.FranceandseveralotherEuropeancountriessenttheirmedicalteamstoworksidebysidewiththeBritishdoctors.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
5.Thecountry'sstrongestearthquaketookplaceinLondonin1580.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
6.MussonpredictedthatanotherearthquakewouldoccurinsoutheastEnglandsoonerorlater.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
7.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatEnglandisrarelyhitbyhighmagnitudeearthquakes.
ARightBWrongCNotmentioned
答案与题解:
1.B题句说2007年4月28日的地震致使全英格兰都停电，与短文第一段第一句表达的内容不符。短文说地震殃及英格兰东南部的肯特郡部分地区，电力中断，几千名居民无电可用。所以，题句是错误的，答案为B。
2.C本题所说的意思是:地震发生后，海峡隧道关闭了10小时。题句表达的内容短文中找不到，故答案为C。
3.A题句的意思是:地震中一个妇女的头部和颈部受了点轻伤。题句表达的意思与第一段最后一句表达的内容相符。所以选项A是答案。
4.C题句表达的意思是:法国和其他几个欧洲国家派遣他们的医疗队去英国与当地的医生并肩工作。这一内容短文中找不到，故答案为C。
5.B题句所说的英国最强烈的地震于1580年发生在伦敦，这与短文表述的事实不符。短文第七段第一句明白无误地说，英国最强烈的地震于1931年发生在北海。题句表达的信息是错误的，故答案为B。
6.A题句说Masson预言在英格兰东南部迟早将发生另一次地震。这一说法与短文最后一段第三句所表达的意思相符。所以答案是A。
7.A短文第六段第一句说，全球每年发生强度为里氏4级左右的地震有几千次，但是这种中等强度的地震在英格兰很少发生。据此，读者可以容易地推断出，高震级的地震在英格兰就更少见了。
*第十一篇ComputerMouse
Thebasiccomputermouseisanamazinglycleverinventionwitharelativelysimpledesignthatallowsustopointatthingsonthecomputeranditisveryproductive.Thinkofallthethingsyoucandowithamouselikeselectingtextforcopyingandpasting1，drawing，andevenscrollingonthepagewiththenewermicewiththewheel.Mostofususethecomputermousedailywithoutstoppingtothink2howitworksuntilitgetsdirtyandwehavetolearnhowtocleanit.Welearntopointatthingsbeforewelearntospeak，sothemouseisaverynaturalpointingdevice.Qthercomputerpointingdevicesincludelightpens，graphicstabletsandtouchscreens，butthemouseisstillourworkhorse.
Thecomputermousewasinventedin1964byDouglasEnglehartofStanfordUniversity.Ascomputerscreensbecamemorepopularandarrowkeyswereusedtomovearoundabodyoftext，itbecameclearthatapointingdevicethatallowedeasiermotionthroughthetextandevenselectionoftextwouldbeveryuseful.Theintroductionofthemouse，withtheAppleLisacomputerin1983，reallystartedthecomputerpublicontheroadtorelyingonthemouseforroutinecomputertasks.3
Howdoesthemousework?Wehavetostartatthebottom，sothinkupsidedownfornow.Itallstartswiththemouseball.Asthemouseballinthebottomofthemouserollsoverthemousepad，itpressesagainstandturnstwoshafts.Theshaftsareconnectedtowheelswithseveralsmallholesinthem.Thewheelshaveapairofsmallelectroniclight-emittingdevicescalledlight-emittingdiodes(LED)mountedoneitherside4.OneLEDsendsalightbeamtotheLEDontheotherside.Asthewheelsspinandaholerotatesby，thelightbeamgetsthroughtotheLEDontheotherside.Butamomentlaterthelightbeamisblockeduntilthenextholeisinplace.TheLEDdetectsachangingpatternoflight，convertsthepatternintoanelectronicsignal，andsendsthesignaltothecomputerthroughwiresinacablethatgoesoutofthemousebody.Thiscableisthetailthathelpsgivethemouseitsname.Thecomputerinterpretsthesignaltotellitwheretopositionthecursoronthecomputerscreen.
Sofarwehaveonlydiscussedthebasiccomputermousethatmostofyouprobablyhaveorhaveused.5Oneproblemwiththisdesignisthatthemousegetsdirtyastheballrollsoverthesurfaceandpicksupdirt.Eventuallyyouhavetocleanyourmouse.Theneweropticalmiceavoidthisproblembyhavingnomovingparts.
词汇:
scroll/skrəul/v.(在显示屏上)上下移动文本pad/pæd/n.垫板
mousepad鼠标垫板graphics/'græfiks/n.图形，图表
tablet/'tæblit/n.书写板graphicstablet图形书写板
workhorse/'wə:kh :s/n.重负荷工作部件shaft/ a:ft/n.轴，杆状物
emit/i'mit/v.射出diode/'daiəud/n.二极管
cursor/'kə:Sər/n.光标optical/' ptikl/adj.光学的
注释:
1.copyingandpasting:复制和粘贴
2.withoutstoppingtothink:没有停下来想一下。"stop+动词不定式"是"停下来去做某件事"，"stop+动名词"是"停止做某件事"。例如:Westoppedtorestforawhile.我们停下来休息一会儿。Hestoppedsmoking.他停止抽烟。
3....startedthecomputerpublicontheroadtorelyingonthemouseforroutinecomputertasks.使广大计算机用户开始踏上一条依赖鼠标完成常规计算机工作的道路。computerpublic:广
working mothers职称英语篇六：全国职称英语考试历年真题及答案
2011年真题：
第1部分：词汇选项（第1—15题，每题1分，共15分）
下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1.His shoes were shined to perfection.
A. cleared B. polished
C. washed D. Mended
2.She can be relied on in
A. looked after
C. turned on
B.believedin
D.depended on
3.Marsha confessed that she knew nothing of computer.
A. admitted B. reported
C. hoped D. answered
4.The test produced disappointing results.
A. unsatisfactory B. indirect
C. similar D. positive
5.My doctor said I should vary my diet more
A, change B. prepare
C. cook D. choose
6.Greene spent a brief time at Cambridge.
A. hard C. short
B. good D. long
7. The book took ten years of thorough research
A. basic B. careful.
C, social D. major
8. The high-speed trains can have a major impact on our lives.
A. effor B. problem
C. influence D. Concern
9.Eventually, she got a job and moved to London
A. Certainly B. Luckily
C. Naturally D. Finally
10.The love of money is the root of'all evil
A. result B. end
C. causeD. Force
11.We explored the possibility of expansion at the conference
A. offered B. investigated
C. included D. accepted.
12. His long-term goal is to set up his own business.
A. idea B. energy
C. aim D. Order
13.A number of theor.ies have been proposed to explain the situation
A. suggested B. tested
C. used D. announced
14.They converted the spare bedroom into an office.
A．reduced B. turned
C．moved D. reformed
15.Things have changed a lot since I was a child
A. graduatly B. suddenly
C. frequently D. greatly
第2部分：阅读判断（第16—22题，每题1分，共7分）
下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
TraveIAcross Africa
For six hours we shot through the barren (荒芜的) landscape of the Karoo desert in South Africa. Just rocks and sand and baking sun. Knowing our journey was ending, Daniel and ljust wanted to remember all we had seen and done. He used a camera. used words. I had already finished three notebooks and was into the fourth, a beautiful leather notebook l'd bought in a market in Mozambique.
Southern Africa was full of stories. And visions, We were almost drunk on sensations The roaring (咆哮) of the water at Victoria Falls, the impossible silence of the Okavango Delta in Botswana.
And then the other things: dogs in the streets, whole families in Soweto IMng in one room, a kilometre from clean water.
As we drove towards the setting sun, a quietness fell over us. The road was empty-we hadn't seen another car for hours. And as I drove, something caught my eye, something moving close enough to touch them, to smell their hot breath. I didn't know how long they had been there next to us.
I shouted to Dan: "Look! but he was in a deep sleep, his camera lying useless by his feet. They raced the car for a few seconds, then disappeared far behind us, a memory of heroic forms in the red landscape. When Daniel woke up an hour later I told him what had happened.
"Wild horses? he said. "Why didn't you wake me up, Sophia?"
"I trred: But they were gone after a few seconds.
"Are you sure you didn't dream it?"
"You were the one who was sleeping!"
"Typical: he said. "The best photos are the ones we never take.
We checked into a dusty hotel and slept the sleep of the dead.
16. Daniel and Sophia drove slowly through the busy desert.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
17. Sophia wrote about her experiences in notebooks.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
18. Daniel took photos of the Nile River.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
19. Daniel and Sophia saw a lot of wonderful things.
A. Right B. Wror/g C. Not mentioned
20. While driving Daniel and Sophia saw wild horses.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
21. The horses didn't come near the car.
A; Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
22. Sophia woke Daniel up so that he could take photos of the horses
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23—30题，每题1分，共8分）
下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选择1个最佳标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。
Operatunity
1 Operatunity is a TV talent show for amateur opera singers. The winners get the chance to sing with the English National Opera. When two housewives, Denise Leigh and Jane Gilchrist won in 2002, their lives changed forever, As they sang Verdi's Rigoletto at the Coliseum（音乐厅） in Rome, they were transformed from working mothers into opera celebrities（名人）．
2 "I live in the village I was born in," says Denise, who is blind. "Lots of my neighbours are family, and my life is all about my three children.- Jane, who worked as a cleaner and a shop assistant, was in a similar situation. She says, "AII l had to look forward to was seeing my four children grow up, and I love that, but ... you think 'there must be more to life'. Winning Operatunity has opened up avenues I never knew existed." .
3 "This last year has been amazing," Denise continues. "Last month was Paris, before that we were recording at Abbey Road, in London, and. recently we had our album launch at the Royal Opera House.. "We've been treated like princesses," laughs Jane. "...champagne, chocolates, five-star hotels ..."
4 But it wasn't all so easy. For Denise, the worst part was waiting at the beginning. "After l'd sent in my application form I worried for a month. Then I had to wait ten days after my first
audition（试唱）. That was awful." Even when they won the competition they were allowed to tell their close family but they weren't allowed to tell anyone else until later. Denise and Jane also found the travelling difficult. They couldn/t take their children
with them while they were away singing .so they had to organise childcare. However, there's been no problem with the physical side of singing: "We didn't have to worry about
that as we've had lots of help and wonderful voice training," says Jane. They also had to learn to deal with the media.- "The kids loved the fact that they could stay up and watch us on TV, but ljust couldn't understand why some newspapers were more interested in the fact I divorced at 21, rather than the fact I had just sung at the Coliseum, says Denise.
23. Paragraph 1
24. Paragraph 2
25. Paragraph 3
26. Paragraph 4
A.Advice
B.Living the new life
C.The competition
D.Becoming famous
E.Their lives before
F.The difficult parts
27. Operatunity may help ordinary people to
28, Before becoming famous, Denise and Jarie worked in order to
29. While traveling, Denise and Jane had to ask someone to
30. Being celebrities, Denise and Jane had to'Iearn to
A.help others out
B.take care of their children
C.deal with the media
D.raise their children
E.realize their dreams
F.see the world
第4部分：阅读理解（第31~45题，每题3分，共45分）
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。 第一篇
How to Be a Successful Businessperson
Have you ever wondered why some people are successful in business and others are not? Here's a story about one successful businessperson. He started out washing dishes and today he
owns 168 restaurants.
Zubair -Kazi was born in Bhatkal, a small town in southwest India. His dream was to be an airplane pilot, and when he was 16 years old, he learned to fly a small plane.
At the age of 23 and with just a little money in his pocket, Mr. Kazi moved to the United States. He hoped to get a job in the airplane industry in California. Instead, he ended up working for a company that rented cars.
While Mr. Kazi was working at the car rental(祖赁的) company, he frequently ate at a nearby KFC restaurant. To save money on food, he decided to get a job with KFC. For two months, he worked as a cook's assistant. His job was to clean the kitchen and help the cook. "I didn't like it," Mr. Kazi says, "but I always did the best I could."
One day, Mr. Kazi's two co-workers failed to come to work. That day, Mr. Kazi did the work of all three people in the kitchen. This really impressed the owners of the restaurant.
A few months later, the owners needed a manager for a new restaurant. They gave the job to Mr. Kazi. He worked hard as the manager and soon the restaurant was making a profit.
A few years later, Mr. Kazi heard about a restaurant that was losing money. The restaurant was dirty inside and the food was terrible. Mr. Kazi borrowed money from a bank and bought the restaurant. For the first six months, Mr. Kazi worked in the restaurant from 8 a.m. t0 10 p.m., seven days a week. He and his wife cleaned up the restaurant, remodeled the front of the building, and improved the cooking. They also tried hard to please the customers. lf someone had to wait more than ten minutes for their food, Mrs. Kazi gave them a free soda. Before long the restaurant was making a profit.
A year later, Mr. Kazi sold his restaurant for a profit. With the money he earned, he bought three more restaurants that were losing money. Again,'he cleaned them up, improved the food, and retrained the employees. Before long these restaurants were making a profit, too.
Today Mr. Kazi owns 168 restaurants, but he isn't planning to stop there. He's looking for more poorly managed restaurants to buy. "I love it when I go to buy a restaurant and find it's a mess," Mr. Kazi says. "The only way it can go is up."
31. When Mr. Kazi was young, his dream was to
A. be an airplane pilot.
B. sellcars.
C. own a restaurant.
D. become a good cook.
32. Mr. Kazi decided to work with KFC to
A. learn how to'cook.
B. save money for a'car.
C. save money on food.
D. learn how to run a restaurant.
33. Mr. Kazi became the manager of a new restaurant because
working mothers职称英语篇七：2012年职称英语综合类所有新增文章(含练习解析及译文)
2012年职称英语综合类
新增文章
载）
阅读判断（2篇）
第七篇 Moderate Earthquake Strikes England
*第十一篇 Computer Mouse
概括大意与完成句子（2篇）
第六篇 How We Form First lmpression
第十篇 Washoe Learned American Sign Language
阅读理解（15篇）
第一篇 Telling Tales about People
第八篇 The Changing Middle Class
第十篇 A Letter from Alan
第十一篇 The Development of Ballet
第十六篇 The Sahara
*第十九篇 The Family
*第二十篇 Tales of the Terrible Past
*第二十六篇 Seeing the World Centuries Ago
*第三十篇 “Lucky” Lord Lucan ----- Alive or Dead
*第三十三篇 Oseola McCarty
+第三十四篇 To Have and Have Not
+第三十五篇 Going Her Own Way
+第三十七篇 Pop Music in Africa
+第三十八篇 Why So Many Children?
+第四十七篇 Narrow Escape
补全短文（2篇）
第九篇 Heat Is Killer
*第十一篇 Virtual Driver
完形填空（15篇）
第一篇 A Life with Birds
第二篇 A Lucky Break
第三篇 Global Warming
第四篇 A Success Story
第五篇 Traffic in Our Cities
第六篇 Teaching and learning
*第七篇 The Difference between Man and Computer
*第八篇 Look on The Bright Side
*第九篇 The First Bicycle
*第十篇 Working Mothers
+第十一篇 School Lunch
+第十二篇 A Powerful Influence
+第十三篇 The Old Gate
+第十四篇 Family History
+第十五篇 Helen and Martin
译文见最后
注：1、+表示A级文章；*表示B即文章；其他为C级文章；
2、阅读判断，请参见第4页；概括大意与完成句子，请参见第8页；阅读理解，请参见第13页；补全短文，请参见第43页
3、2012年词汇部分与2011年教材相比未作任何变化。
载）
阅读判断
第七篇 Moderate Earthquake Strikes England
A moderate earthquake struck parts of southeast England on 28 April 2007，toppling chimneys from houses and rousing residents from their beds. Several thousand people were left without power1 in Kent County. One woman suffered minor head and neck injuries.
"lt felt as if the whole house was being slid across like a fun-fair ride,3" said the woman.
The British Geological Survey said the 4.3-magnitude quake4 struck at 8:19 a.m. and was centered under the English Channel5，about 8.5 miles south of Dover6 and near the entrance to the Channel Tunnel7.
Witnesses said cracks appeared in walls and chimneys collapsed across the county. Residents said the tremor had lasted for about 10 to 15 seconds.
"I was lying in bed and it felt as if someone had just got up from bed next to me." said Hendrick van Eck，27，of Canterbury8 about 60 miles southeast of London."I then heard the sound of cracking，and it was getting heavier and heavier9.It felt as if someone was at the end of my bed hopping up and down."
There are thousands of moderate quakes on this scale around the world each year，but they are rare in Britain. The April 28 quake was the strongest in Britain since 2002 when a 4.8-magnitude quake struck the central England city of Birmingham10.
The country's strongest earthquake took place in the North Sea in 1931，measuring 6.1 on the Richter scale11. British Geological Survey scientist Roger Musson said the quake took place on 28 April in an area that had seen several of the biggest erthquakes ever to strike Britain，including one in 1580 that caused damage in London and was felt in France.12 Musson predicted that it was only a matter of time13 before another earthquake struck this part of England. However，people should not be scared too much by this prediction，Musson said，as the modern earthquake warning system of Britain should be able to detect a forthcoming quake and announce it several hours before it takes place. This would allow time for people to evacuate and reduce damage to the minimum.
词汇:
moderate /'mɔdərit / adj. 中等的 magnitude /'mægnitju:d/ n. 值，强度量
topple /‘tɔpl/ v. 倾倒，震倒 rouse /ravz/ v. 唤醒
tremor /‘tremə (r) / n.震动 hop /hɔp/ v. 齐足跳起
fun-fair n. 公共露天游乐场 scale /skeil/ n. 震级
forthcoming /‗fɔ:θ‘kʌmiŋ)/ adj. 即将来临的 evacuate /i'vækjveit / v. 疏散
geological / dʒiə'lɔdʒikəl/ adj. 地质的
注释:
1. power:电力
2. Kent County:肯特郡[位于英格兰东南部]
3.It felt as if the whole house was being slid across like a fun-fair ride. 它(地震)给人的感觉是
整幢房子就像游乐场的滑行机一样在滑动.ride是游乐场供人玩乐的乘坐式的活动装置。as if 是"好像……一样；仿佛"，例如:He treated me as if I were his son. 他待我如同待他的儿子一样。
4. the.4.3-magnitude quake:里氏4.3级地震
5. English Channel:英吉利海峡
6. Dover:多佛尔[英格兰东南部港口城市]
7. Channel Tunnel:海峡隧道。Channel Tunnel (常简称为Chunnel)是连接英法两国的海峡隧道。
8. Canterbury:坎特伯雷[英格兰东南部城市，中世纪时曾是宗教朝圣圣地]
9. it was getting heavier and heavier:爆裂声越来越响
10. Birmingham:伯明翰[英格兰中部城市]
11. the Richter scale:里氏震级表。美国地震学家 Charles Francis Richter (1900-1985)于1935年制定了地震震级表。
12. British Geological Survey scientist Roger Musson said the quake took place on 28 April in an area that had seen several of the biggest earthquakes ever to strike Britain，including one in1580 that caused damage in London and was felt in France.英国地质勘测所的科学家 Roger Musson 说，4月28日发生地震的地区曾经遭受过几起英国最大的地震，其中的一次发生在1580年，那次地震蹂躏了伦敦，并波及法国。
13. a matter of time:时间问题。又如: It's not a matter of money. 这个不是钱的问题。
练习:
1. During the April 28 earthquake，the whole England was left without power.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
2. The Channel Tunnel was closed for 10 hours after the earthquake occurred.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
3. It was reported that one lady had got her head and neck injured，but not seriously.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
4. France and several other European countries sent their medical teams to work side by side with the British doctors.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
5. The country's strongest earthquake took place in London in 1580.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
6. Musson predicted that another earthquake would occur in southeast England sooner or later.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
7. It can be inferred from the passage that England is rarely hit by high magnitude earthquakes.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
答案与题解:
1. B 题句说2007年4月28日的地震致使全英格兰都停电，与短文第一段第一句表达的内容不符。短文说地震殃及英格兰东南部的肯特郡部分地区，电力中断，几千名居民无电可用。所以，题句是错误的，答案为B。
2. C 本题所说的意思是:地震发生后，海峡隧道关闭了10小时。题句表达的内容短文中找不到，故答案为C。
3. A 题句的意思是:地震中一个妇女的头部和颈部受了点轻伤。题句表达的意思与第一段最后一句表达的内容相符。所以选项A是答案。
4. C 题句表达的意思是:法国和其他几个欧洲国家派遣他们的医疗队去英国与当地的医生并肩工作。这一内容短文中找不到，故答案为C。
5. B 题句所说的英国最强烈的地震于1580年发生在伦敦，这与短文表述的事实不符。短文第七段第一句明白无误地说，英国最强烈的地震于1931年发生在北海。题句表达的信息是错误的，故答案为B。
6. A 题句说Masson预言在英格兰东南部迟早将发生另一次地震。这一说法与短文最后一段第三句所表达的意思相符。所以答案是A。
7. A 短文第六段第一句说，全球每年发生强度为里氏4级左右的地震有几千次，但是这种中等强度的地震在英格兰很少发生。据此，读者可以容易地推断出，高震级的地震在英格兰就更少见了。
*第十一篇 Computer Mouse
The basic computer mouse is an amazingly clever invention with a relatively simple design that allows us to point at things on the computer and it is very productive. Think of all the things you can do with a mouse like selecting text for copying and pasting1，drawing，and even scrolling on the page with the newer mice with the wheel. Most of us use the computer mouse daily without stopping to think2 how it works until it gets dirty and we have to learn how to clean it. We learn to point at things before we learn to speak，so the mouse is a very natural pointing device. Qther computer pointing devices include light pens，graphics tablets and touch screens，but the mouse is still our workhorse.
The computer mouse was invented in 1964 by Douglas Englehart of Stanford University. As computer screens became more popular and arrow keys were used to move around a body of text，it became clear that a pointing device that allowed easier motion through the text and even selection of text would be very useful. The introduction of the mouse，with the Apple Lisa computer in 1983，really started the computer public on the road to relying on the mouse for routine computer tasks.3
How does the mouse work? We have to start at the bottom，so think upside down for now. It all starts with the
mouse ball. As the mouse ball in the bottom of the mouse rolls over the mouse pad，it presses against and turns two shafts. The shafts are connected to wheels with several small holes in them. The wheels have a pair of small electronic light-emitting devices called light-emitting diodes (LED) mounted on either side4. One LED sends a light beam to the LED on the other side. As the wheels spin and a hole rotates by，the light beam gets through to the LED on the other side. But a moment later the light beam is blocked until the next hole is in place. The LED detects a changing pattern of light，converts the pattern into an electronic signal，and sends the signal to the computer through wires in a cable that goes out of the mouse body. This cable is the tail that helps give the mouse its name. The computer interprets the signal to tell it where to position the cursor on the computer screen.
So far we have only discussed the basic computer mouse that most of you probably have or have used.5One problem with this design is that the mouse gets dirty as the ball rolls over the surface and picks up dirt. Eventually you have to clean your mouse. The newer optical mice avoid this problem by having no moving parts.
词汇:
scroll / skrəul/ v. (在显示屏上)上下移动文本 pad /pæd/ n. 垫板
mouse pad 鼠标垫板 graphics /'græfiks/ n. 图形，图表
tablet /'tæblit/ n. 书写板 graphics tablet 图形书写板
workhorse /'wə:khɔ:s/ n. 重负荷工作部件 shaft /ʃa:ft / n. 轴，杆状物
emit /i'mit/v. 射出 diode /'daiəud/ n. 二极管
cursor /'kə:Sər/ n. 光标 optical /'ɔptikl / adj. 光学的
注释:
1. copying and pasting: 复制和粘贴
2. without stopping to think: 没有停下来想一下。"stop+动词不定式"是"停下来去做某件事"，"stop+动名词"是"停止做某件事"。例如: We stopped to rest for a while. 我们停下来休息一会儿。He stopped smoking. 他停止抽烟。
3. ...started the computer public on the road to relying on the mouse for routine computer tasks. 使广大计算机用户开始踏上一条依赖鼠标完成常规计算机工作的道路。computer public: 广
大计算机用户。road to 中的to是介词，所以后接动名词relying。
4. mounted on either side = mounted on both sides
5. So far we have only discussed the basic computer mouse that most of you probably have or have used. 到目前为止，我们只限于讨论大多数人应该拥有或用过的基本型的计算机鼠标。
练习:
1. Most computer users want to know how the computer mouse works.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
2. According to the author，general computer users need not to know how the computer mouse was invented.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
3. The computer mouse derives its name from the cable that goes out its body，which looks like the tail of a mouse.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
4. The key components of a computer mouse are the two LEDs.
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
5. When an ordinary computer mouse gefs dirty，it has to be replaced with a new one.
working mothers职称英语篇八：2013职称英语综合B完型填空解析(教材原题)
完型填空
综合B复习范围：第1-10篇，第6-10篇为带星号文章，综合B的重点文章，第8篇为2012真题
1.第一篇：A Life with Birds
2.第二篇：A Lucky Break
3.第三篇：Global Warming
4.第四篇：A Success Story
5.第五篇：Traffic in Our Cities（2012年4月真题）
6*.第六篇：Teaching and Learning
7.*第七篇：The Difference between Man and Computer
8.*第八篇：Look on The Bright Side（2012年4月真题）
9.*第九篇：The First Bicycle 10.*第十篇：Working Mothers
A Life with Birds
For nearly 17 years David Cope has worked as one of the Tower of London's yeoman warders, __1__ known to tourists as beefeaters. David, 64, lives in a three-bedroomed flat right at the __2__ of the Byward Tower, one of the gatehouses. "__3__ our bedroom we have a marvellous view of Tower Bridge and the Thames, " says David.
The Tower of London is famous __4__ its ravens, the large black birds which have lived there for over three centuries. David was immediately fascinated by the birds and when he was __5__ the post of Raven Master eight years ago he had no __6__ in accepting it. "The birds have now become my life and I'm always __7__ of the fact that I am __8__ a tradition. The legend says that if the ravens leave the Tower, England will fall to enemies, and it's my job to __9__ sure this doesn't happen!"
David_10_about four hours a day to the care of the ravens. He has grown to love them and the _11__ that he lives right next to them is ideal. "I can _12__ a close eye on them all the time, and not just when I'm working." __13__, David's wife Mo was not __14__ on the idea of life in the Tower, but she too will be sad to leave when he retires next year. "When we look out of our windows, we see history __15__ around us, and we are taking it in and storing it up for our future memories."
词汇：
marvellous /'mɑ:viləs/a.奇妙的，不可思议的 fascinate / 'fæsmeIt / v. 着迷，吸引 raven /'reivən/ n. 乌鸦，黑色的鸟 legend / 'led3;lnd / n. 传奇，传说 注释：
1. ...from our bedroom we have a marvellous view of ... :从我们的卧室看去，有一个奇妙的角度。。。
2. ... keen on the idea of life in the Tower..: 热衷于塔里的生活
练习：
1. A. more B. better C. sooner D. very
2. A. height B. summit C. peak D. top
3. A. Since B. Out C. From D. Through
4. A. for B. because C. of D. by
5. A. award B. applied C. presented D. offered
6. A. regret B. delay C. hesitation D. choice
7. A. aware B. knowing C. pleased D. delighted
8. A. holding B. maintaining C. surviving D. lasting 9. A. take B. make C. have D. keep
10. A. devotes B. spends C. passes D. provides
11. A. reason B. chance C. opportunity D. fact
12. A. hold B. have C. keep D. put
13. A. Firstly B. First of all C. At first D. First 14. A. interested B. keen C. fond D. happy
15. A. every B. all C. much D. so
答案与题解：
1. B 根据上下文，这里应选择比较级，所以排除D，再根据句意，为“更为人所熟知”，因而better是正确答案。
2. D 根据句意，词组搭配 at the top of ，表示在……顶部最为合适。Height 意为“高度“，summit 意为“最高点”，peak 意为“顶峰“，所以选 D。
3. C 根据句意，从卧室的角度看去，from 最为恰当。
4. A 固定搭配 be famous for 意为“以……而著名”，文中要表达的是伦敦塔以乌鸦而著名，因而 for 为正确答案。
5. D 根据句意，David 是被提供了这样一个职位，所以 offered 最为恰当award 表示“授予”，applied 表示“应用” ，presented 表示“给予，呈现“，均不符合句意。
6. C 根据上下文，很容易理解 David 是这么迷恋这种黑鸟，因而毫不犹豫地接受了这个职位，所以 hesitation 为正确答案。
7. A be aware of 表示“意识到”，有这样一命警觉。其他三项均不符合句意。
8. B 固定搭配 maintain a tradition ，保持一个传统，maintain 最为恰当。hold 表示“抓住”，survive 表示“存活，幸存”，last 表示“维持”。
9. B 固定搭配 make sure，意为“确保”，在文中表达的是“确保这种状况不会发生“，因而选 B。
10. A 根据句意，David 每天大约用四个小时来护理乌鸦，表达出对乌鸦的爱护之情，devote “献身于……，专用于…
…”最为恰当。spend 后需加动词 ing 形式。pass 表示“经过”， provide 表示“提供”，均不符合句意。
11. D 这是一个定语从句，根据句意，David 已经爱上了它们，而他正居住在它们旁边(这样一个事实)是理想的，所以 fact 是正确答案。
12. C keep an eye on 为固定搭配，意为“注意，关注”，所以选 C。
13. C 根据句意，作者要表达的意思是起初，David 的妻子 Mo 并不感兴趣，因为只有词组 at first 表示“起初，开始时”符合句意。
14. B be keen on 为固定搭配，表示“对……感兴趣，对……热衷”，interest 后面配介词 in ，fond后应配介词 of ，因此正确答案是 B。
15. B 根据句意，作者表达的感情非常强烈，过去的那些都环绕在身边，所以 all 为最佳答案。
有鸟陪伴的生活
作为伦敦塔的守卫者之一David Cope在那里工作了近17年，被游客们称为Beefeaters。David，64岁，生活在Byward塔顶部的一个三居室的单元里，一个警卫室。 David说：“从我们的卧室看去，我们可以看到伦敦塔桥和泰晤士河的一个美好景色。”
伦敦塔以大黑色的鸟——乌鸦而著名，它们已经在那里生活了三个多世纪。David立刻被这种鸟迷住了，当他在八年前被提供乌鸦主人的职位时他毫不犹豫 地接受了它。“这种鸟类现在已经成为我的生命，我总是警觉到我在保持一个传统。传说中说，如果乌鸦离开伦敦塔，英国将落到敌人手中，我的工作就是确保这种 情况不会发生!”
David每天大约用四个小时的时间来护理乌鸦。他已经爱上了它们，而他紧挨在它们的旁边生活是最佳选择。“我可以在所有的时间内密切关注它们，不仅 仅是在工作的时候。”起初，David的妻子Mo对生活在塔里的想法并不热衷，但David明年即将退休，她要离开时也会很伤心。“当我们透过我们的窗口 向外看，我们看到历史环绕在我们身边，我们正接受它并为我们未来的记忆存储它。”
A Lucky Break
Actor Antonio Banderas is used to breaking bones, and it always seems to happen when he's 1 sport. In the film Play It to the Bone he 2 the part of a middleweight boxer alongside Woody Harrelson. 3 the making of the film Harrelson 4 complaining that the fight 5 weren't very convincing, so one day he suggested that he and Banderas should have a fight for real. The Spanish actor wasn't 6 on the idea at first, but he was 7 persuaded by his co-star to put on his gloves and climb into the boxing ring. However, when he realized how seriously his 8 was taking it all, he began to regret his decision to fight. And then in the third round, Harrelson hit Banderas 9 hard in the face that he actually broke his nose. His wife, actress Melanie Griffith, was furious that he had been playing "silly macho games". "She was right," confesses Banderas, "and I was a fool to 10 a risk like that in the middle of a movie."
He was 11 of the time he broke his leg during a football match in his native Malaga. He had always 12 of becoming a soccer star, of performing in front of a big crowd, but doctors told him his playing days were probably over. "That's when I decided to take 13 acting; I saw it as 14 way of performing, and achieving recognition. What happened to me on that football 15 was, you might say, my first lucky break."
词汇:
middleweight / 'midlweit/ n. 中量级拳击手 convincing /kən'vinsiŋ/ a.有说服力的，令人信服的 furious /'fju:riəs/ a. 暴怒的，强烈的 macho / 'mɑ:tʃəu/ a. 雄壮的，男子气概的
confess / kən'fes/ v. 承认，坦白
注释:
1. ... plays the part of a middleweight boxer alongside ... :……与……并肩，扮演一个中量级拳击 手……
2. ... was reminded of the time ... :......想起……的时候……
练习:
1. A) practising B) making C) doing D) losing
2. A) plays B) does C) gives D) fights
3. A) When B) As C) While D) During
4. A) kept B) continued C) carried D) insisted
5. A) actions B) matches C) scenes D) stages
6. A) interested B) keen C) enthusiastic D) happy
7. A) lastly B) eventually C) at the end D) after
8. A) competitor B) contender C) opponent D) participant
9. A) very B) more C) such D) so
10. A) take B) make C) have D) get
11. A) remembered B) reminded C) recorded D) replayed
12. A) hoped B) pretended C) dreamed D) looked forward
13. A) up B) on C) to D) over
14. A) further B) additional C) different D) another
15. A) match B) pitch C) court D) course
答案与题解:
1. C 根据句意，每次骨折似乎总是发生在做运动时，应当选用动词 do 0 practise 表示“练习”， 后面应跟某一项具体的训练，而不是 sport，所以正确答案为 C。
2. A play the part of ...为固定搭配，意为“扮演一个......的角色”，其他三项均不合适。
3. D 联系上下文，根据句意，在影片制作过程中，所以应当用 during。
4. A 根据句意，Harrelson 在影片制作过程中不断地抱怨，而且后面的动词complain 用的是ing 形式，因此动词 keep“连续，不断”最为恰当。continue 后加动词 ing 形式一般表示在停顿后重新开始、继续，carry 一般后面跟介词on ，表示“进行某项事务”，insist 表示“坚决主张”，不合句意，所以选 A。
5. C 联系上下文，因为是影片中的打斗场景，所以这里 scene 是正确答案。
6. B be keen on 为固定搭配，表示“对……感兴趣，对......热衷”，interest 后面配介词 in ，enthusiastic 后面配介词 of。
7. B 联系上下文，作者要表达的是最终他还是被他的搭档说服了，副词eventually 放在动词 persuade 之前，lastly 表示“最后一点，最后”，“at the end”一般放在段落的最后，表示最后怎么样。
8. C 根据句意，"当他意识到……是全心全意投人进来时，他开始后悔自己要打斗的决定"，显然是对手非常认真的对待这场打斗，所以 opponent 是正确答案。
9. D so... that ...固定搭配，太……以至于，根据句意，“Harrelson 如此狠地打在 Banderas 的脸上，以至于居然打破了 Banderas 的鼻子”，其他选项都不适合。
10. A 固定搭配 take a risk ，表示“冒险”。
11. B 联系上下文，根据句意，"他记起在他的故乡马拉加进行的一场足球比赛"，是因为鼻子骨折这件事促使他想起了故乡的那次比赛，remind 表示“提醒”，符合句意。remember 表示“自然想起，记起”不合句意。
12. C 根据句意和后面的介词of ，显然，“他一直梦想成为一个足球明星”，dream 是正确答案。 pretend 表示“假装”，后面眼介词 to，不合句意;look forward 表示叫“向往”，后面跟介词1 0 ，不合句意。
13. A 固定搭配 take up sth. ，表示“开始从事某事”，根据句意，作者要表达的是“我决定开始演戏”，因此 up 是正确答案。
14. D 联系上下文，作者显然把它看成是另外一种比赛，所以只有 another 符合句意。
15. B 词组 football pitch，表示"足球场"。前面由介词 on 引导，后面一定是场地，也就是足球场，而不是 match“比赛”。court 表示“网球场”，course 表示“跑道”，均不符合句意。
幸运的骨折
演员Antonio Banderas经常骨折，而且它似乎总是发生在运动时。在影片《拳拳到骨》中，他与Woody Harrelson并肩，扮演一个中量级拳击手。在影片制作过程中，Harrelson不停地抱怨整个打斗场面并不是很令人信服，所以一天，他提议他和Banderas应该进行一场真正的打斗。这位西班牙演员起初对这一想法并不热衷，但最终他还是被他的搭档说服了，他戴上他的手套，爬上了拳击台。然而，当他意识到他的对手是全心全意投入进来时，他开
始后悔自己要打斗的决定。在第三轮，Harrelson狠狠地打在Banderas的脸上，以至于居然打破了Banderas的鼻子。女演员Melanie Griffith，他的妻子对他进行这样一场“傻男子气概的游戏”非常愤怒。 “她是对的”，Banderas承认道，“我在电影拍摄过程中进行这样一个冒险真是一个傻瓜。”
他记起在他的故乡马拉加进行的一场足球比赛，那次他的腿骨骨折了。他一直梦想成为一个足球明星，在众多观众前比赛。但他的医生告诉他，他的比赛生涯也许就要结束了。“就在那时我决定开始演戏；我认为这是另外一种比赛并且能够得到认可。可以这么说，发生在那次足球场上的事对我而言，是一次幸运的骨折。”
Global Warming
Few people now question the reality of global warming and its effects on the world's climate. Many scientists (1) the blame for recent natural disasters on the increase (2) the world's temperatures and are convinced that, more than (3) before, the Earth is at (4) from the forces of the wind, rain and sun. (5) to them, global warming is making extreme weather events,
(6) as hurricanes and droughts, even more (7) and causing sea levels all around the world to (8) . Environmental groups are putting (9) on governments to take action to reduce the (10) of carbon dioxide which is given (11) by factories and power plants, thus attacking the problem at its source. They are in (12) of more money being spent on research into solar, wind and wave energy devices, which could then replace existing power (13) .
Some scientists, (14) believe that even if we stopped releasing carbon dioxide and other gases into the atmosphere tomorrow, we would have to wait (15) hundred years to notice the results. Global warming, it seems, is here to stay.
词汇:
climate /'klaimit/ n. 气候,风气 hurricane n. 飓风,暴风 drought n. 干旱,旱灾 carbon dioxide n. 二氧化碳 solar 太阳的 n. atmosphere 大气
注释:
1. put the blame for ... :把……归咎于……
2. ... in favour of more money being spent on ... :……赞成把钱花在……
练习:
l. A) give B) put C) take D) have
2. A) in B) at C) by D) to
3. A) yet B) never C) once D) ever
4. A) threat B) danger C) risk D) harm
5. A) Concerning B) Regarding C) Depending D) According
6. A) such B) just C) even D) well
7. A) strict B) severe C) strong D) heavy
8. A) raise B) arise C) rise D) lift
9. A) force B) pressure C) persuasion D) encouragement
10.A) amount B) deal C) number D) count
11.A) off B) away C) up D) over
12.A) belief B) request C) favour D) suggestion
Í3.A) factories B) generations C) houses D) stations
14.A) but B) although C) despite D) however
15.A) several B) over C) numerous D) various
答案与题解:
working mothers职称英语篇九：2015职称英语32篇完形填空(整理背诵版)
2015年职称英语完形填空——目录
2015年职称英语考试（综合类）9篇完形填空（整理背诵）............................................................................................................................................................................3
第一篇ALifewithBirds...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................3
第二篇ALuckyBreak.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................4
第四篇ASuccessStory.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................5
*第七篇TheDifferencebetweenManandComputer......................................................................................................................................................................................6
*第九篇TheFirstBicycle第一辆自行车........................................................................................................................................................................................................7
*第十篇WorkingMothers.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................8
+第十一篇SchoolLunch...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................9
+第十二篇APowerfulInfluence.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................10
+第十五篇HelenandMartin...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................11
2015年职称英语考试（卫生类）12篇完形填空（整理背诵）........................................................................................................................................................................12
第一篇BetterControlofTBSeenIfaFasterCureIsFound.........................................................................................................................................................................12
第二篇ABiologicalClock...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................13
第三篇OneGoodReasontoLetSmallpoxLive............................................................................................................................................................................................14
第四篇Diet,AlcoholLinkedtoNearlyOneThirdofCancers.......................................................................................................................................................................15
第五篇MenTooMaySufferfromDomesticViolence...................................................................................................................................................................................16
*第六篇Once-dailyPillCouldSimplifyHIVTreatment...............................................................................................................................................................................17
1
*第八篇OldAndActive..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................18
*第九篇TheCaseofDisappearFingerprints..................................................................................................................................................................................................19
*第十篇HospitalMistreatment.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................20
+第十一篇MigrantWorkers............................................................................................................................................................................................................................21
+第十四篇YoungAdultsWhoExerciseGetHigherIQScores.....................................................................................................................................................................22
+第十五篇LifeExpectancyintheLastHundredYears..................................................................................................................................................................................23
2015年职称英语考试（理工类）11篇完形填空（整理背诵）.........................................................................................................................................................................25
第一篇CaptainCookArrowLegend...............................................................................................................................................................................................................25
第二篇AvalancheandItsSafety......................................................................................................................................................................................................................26
第四篇Animal’s“SixthSense”.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................27
第五篇SingingAlarmsCouldSavetheBlind.................................................................................................................................................................................................28
*第六篇CarThievescouldBeStoppedRemotely.........................................................................................................................................................................................29
*第七篇Anintelligentcar...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................30
*第八篇WhyIndiaNeedsItsDyingVultures.................................................................................................................................................................................................31
*第十篇ChickenSoupfortheSoul：ComfortFoodFightsLoneliness........................................................................................................................................................32
+第十二篇FreeStatinsWithFastFoodCouldNeutralizeHeartRisk...........................................................................................................................................................33
+第十四篇SharksPerformaServiceforEarth’sWaters................................................................................................................................................................................34
+第十五篇“Liquefaction”KeytoMuchofJapaneseEarthquakeDamage...................................................................................................................................................35
2
2015年职称英语考试（综合类）9篇完形填空（整理背诵）
第一篇ALifewithBirds
Fornearly17yearsDavidCopehasworkedasoneoftheTowerofLondon'sYeoman有鸟陪伴的生活作为伦敦塔的守卫者之一的DavidCope在那里工作了近17warders(伦敦塔看守),_knowntotouristsasbeefeaters.David,64,livesina年，被游客们称为Beefeaters。David，64岁，生活在Bywardthree-bedroomedflatrightattheoftheBywardTower,oneofthegatehouses."塔顶部的一个三居室的单元里，一个警卫室。David说：“从我ourbedroomwehaveamarvelous(a.奇妙的，不可思议的)viewofTowerBridgeandthe们的卧室看去，我们可以看到伦敦塔桥和泰晤士河的一个美好Thames,"saysDavid.
TheTowerofLondonisfamousitsravens(n.乌鸦，黑色的鸟),thelargeblack景色。伦敦塔以大黑色的鸟----乌鸦而著名，它们已经在那里生活birdswhichhavelivedthereforoverthreecenturies.Davidwasimmediatelyfascinated(着迷，吸了三个多世纪。David立刻被这种鸟迷住了，当他在八年前被引)bythebirdsandwhenhewas_offered(提供)_thepostofRavenMastereightyearsagohehad提供乌鸦主人的职位时他毫不犹豫地接受了它。“这种鸟类现在noinacceptingit."ThebirdshavenowbecomemylifeandI'malways_已成为我的生命，我总是警觉到我在保持一个传统。传说中说，
atradition.Thelegend(传奇，传说)如果乌鸦离开了伦敦塔，英国将落到敌人的手中，我的工作就ofthefactthatIam
saysthatiftheravensleavetheTower,Englandwillfalltoenemies,andit'smyjobto是确保这种情况不会发生！
surethisdoesn'thappen!"David每天大约用四个小时的时间来护理乌鸦。他已经爱
Davidaboutfourhoursadaytothecareoftheravens.Hehasgrowntolove上了它们，而他紧挨在它们的旁边生活是最佳选择。“我可以在themandthe_thathelivesrightnexttothemisideal."Icancloseeye所有的时间内密切关注它们，不仅仅是在工作的时候。”起初，onthemallthetime,andnotjustwhenI'mworking.",David'swifeMowasnotDavid的妻子Mo对生活在塔里的想法并不热衷，但David明年ontheideaoflifeintheTower,butshetoowillbesadtoleavewhenheretires即将退休，她要离开时也会很伤心。“当我们透过我们的窗口向nextyear."Whenwelookoutofourwindows,weseehistoryus,andweare外看，我们看到历史环绕在我们身边，我们正接受它并为我们takingitinandstoringitupforourfuturememories."
3未来的记忆存储它。”
第二篇ALuckyBreak
ActorAntonioBanderasisusedtobreakingbones,anditalwaysseemstohappenwhenhe's幸运的骨折演员AntonioBanderas经常骨折，而且它似乎总是发生在sport.InthefilmPlayIttotheBonehepartofa运动时。在影片《拳拳到骨》中，他与WoodyHarrelson肩，扮middleweight(n.中量级拳击手)boxeralongsideWoodyHarrelson.making演一个中量级拳击手。在影片制作过程中，Harrelson不停地抱ofthefilmHarrelsoncomplainingthatthefightvery怨整个打斗场面并不是很令人信服，所以一天，他提议他和convincing(a.有说服力的，令人信服的),soonedayhesuggestedthatheandBanderasshouldhaveBanderas应该进行一场真正的打斗。这位西班牙演员起初到这afightforreal.TheSpanishactorwasn'tontheideaatfirst,buthewas一想法并不热衷，但最终还是被他的搭档说服了，他戴上他的（最终）persuadedbyhisco-startoputonhisglovesandclimbintotheboxingring(拳赛场地).手套，爬上了拳击台。然而，当他意识到他的对手是全心全意However,whenherealizedhowseriously(认真地)histakingitall,hebegan投入进来时，他开始后悔自己要打斗的决定。在第三轮，toregrethisdecisiontofight.Andtheninthethirdround,HarrelsonhitBanderasHarrelson狠狠地打在Banderas的脸上，以至于居然打破了hardinthefacethatheactuallybrokehisnose.Hiswife,actressMelanieGriffith,wasfurious(a.暴Banderas的鼻子。女演员MelanieGriffith他的妻子对他进行这怒的，强烈的)thathehadbeenplaying"sillymacho(a.雄壮的，男子气概的)games"."Shewas样一场“傻男子气概的游戏”非常愤怒。“她是对的”Banderas承right,"confesses(v.承认，坦白)Banderas,"andIwasafooltorisklikethatinthe认道，“我在电影拍摄过程中进行这样一个冒险真是一个傻瓜。”middleofamovie."他记起在他的故乡马拉加进行的一场足球比赛，那次他的
Hewasthetimehebrokehislegduringafootballmatchinhisnative腿骨折了。他一直梦想成为一个足球明星，在众多观众前比赛。Malaga.Hehadalwaysbecomingasoccerstar,ofperforminginfrontofabig但他的医学告诉他，他的比赛生涯也许就要结束了。“就在那时crowd,butdoctorstoldhimhisplayingdayswereprobablyover."That'swhenIdecidedtotake我决定开始演戏，我认为这是另外一种比赛并且能够得到认可。（开始）acting;Isawitasanother（另外）wayofperforming,andachievingrecognition.What可以这么说，发生在那次足球场上的事对我而言，是一次幸运happenedtomeonthatfootballwas,youmightsay,myfirstluckybreak."的骨折。
4
第四篇ASuccessStory
At19,BenWayisalreadyamillionaire,andoneofagrowingnumberofteenagerswhohavetheirfortune(财富)throughtheInternet.Ben'sstoryallthemoreremarkable(a.卓越的，值得注意的)isthatheisdyslexic(a.诵读困难的n.诵读困难者),andwasbyteachersathisjuniorschoolthathewouldneverbeabletoreadorwrite确地)."Iwantedtoprovethemwrong(错了)",saysBen,creatoranddirectorofWaysearch,anetsearchenginewhichcanbeusedtofindgoodsinonlineshoppingmalls.
Whenhewaseight,hislocalauthorities(n.权威，权力，当权)withaPCtohelpwithschoolwork.Althoughhewastoreadthemanuals,hehadanaturalabilitywiththecomputer,andbyhisfather,hesoonbeganpeople$l0anhourforhisknowledgeandskills.Attheageof15heuphisowncomputerconsultancy(n.咨询公司，顾问工作),QuadComputer,whichheranfromhisbedroom,andtwoyearslaterheleftschooltohistimetobusiness.
"BythistimethecompanyhadgrownandIneededtotakeonaemployeestohelpme",saysBen."Thatenabledmetostartbusinesswithbiggercompanies.”Itwashisabilitytoconsistently(始终如一的)difficultchallengesthatledhimtowintheYoungEntrepreneur(n.企业家，主办者)oftheYearawardinthesameyearthatheformedWaysearch,andhehasrecentlysignedadeal$25millionwithaprivateinvestment(n.投资，投入)company,whichwillfinance(为…供给资金)hissearchengine.
5一个成功的故事19岁时，BenWay已经是一个百万富翁了，他是越来越多的通过互联网获得财富的青少年之一。而使得Ben的故事更引人注意的是他有诵读困难，并且曾被他的初中教师告知他将永远不能正确读写。“我要证明他们错了。“Ben说。他后来成为Waysearch的创建者和董事长，Waysearch是一个在网上购物商场查找货物的网络搜索引擎。Ben八岁时，他所在的地方当局提供给他一台个人电脑以帮助学校工作。虽然他不能阅读使用指南，但他对计算机有一种天赋，在父亲的鼓劢下，Ben很快就开始以自己的知识能力收费----每小时10英镑。15岁时，Ben成立了自己的电脑顾问公司----夸德电脑，他在自己的卧室里运营（这个公司），两年之后，他离开了学校，并将所有的精力投入到公司经营当中。“此时公司已经发展壮大，我需要雇用几个员工帮助我”，Ben说，“这使我开始与更大的公司做生意。”正是他持续不断地克服困难挑战的能力使他赢得了“年度最佳青年企业家”，也是同年，他成立了Waysearch。最近，他与一家私人投资公司签署了价值2500万英镑的交易，这家公司为他的搜索引擎提供资金。
working mothers职称英语篇十：职称英语考试完型模版(三)
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The First Bicycle （B）
minders and nannies through to Granny or the The history of the bicycle goes back more kind lady across the street. In reality, however, than 200 years. In 1791，Count de Sivrac many parents don't have any choice; they have to delighted onlookers in a park in Paris as he accept anything they can get. Be prepared! No showed off his two-wheeled invention ，a matter how good the childcare may be ，some machine called the celeriferé. It was basically an children are going to protest wildly if they are enlarged version of a children’s toy which had left. This is a perfectly normal stage of child been in use for many years. Sivrac's "celeriferé development. Babies separate well in the first six had a wooden frame，made in the shape of a months，but soon after that they start to get a horse ，which was mounted on a wheel at either crush on Mum and close family members. Make end. To ride it ，you sat on a small seat ，just like sure that in the first week you allow plenty of a modem bicycle ，and pushed hard against the time to help your child settle in.
ground with your legs—there were no pedals. It All children are different. Some are was impossible to steer a celeriferé and it had no independent，while others are more attached to brakes，but despite these problems the invention their mothers. Remember that if you want to do very much appealed to the fashionable young the best for your children ，it's not the quantity men of Paris. Soon they were holding races up of time you spend with them，it's the quality that and down the streets.
matters.
Minor injuries were common as riders School Lunch (A)
attempted a final burst of speed . Controlling the Research has shown that over half the machine was difficult，as the only way to change children in Britain who take their own lunches to direction was to pull up the front of the school do not eat properly in the middle of the "celeriferé" and turn it round while the front day. In Britain schools have to provide meals at wheel was spinning in the air. "Celeriferés" were lunchtime. Children can choose to bring their not popular for long，however，as the own food or have lunch at the school canteen.
combination of no springs，no steering and One shocking finding of this research is rough roads made riding them very that school meals are much healthier than uncomfortable. Even so，the wooden celeriferé lunches prepared by parents. There are strict was the origin of the modem bicycle.
standards for the preparation of school meals, Working Mothers (B)
which have to include one portion of fruit and Carefully conducted researches that have one of vegetables, as well as meat, a dairy item followed the children of working mothers have and starchy food like bread or pasta. Lunchboxes not been able to show any long-term problems，examined by researchers contained sweet drinks, compared with children whose mothers stayed at crisps and chocolate bars. Children consume home. My personal view is that mothers should twice as much sugar as they should at lunchtime.
be allowed to work if they wish. Whether we like The research will provide a better it or not ，there are a number of mothers who understanding of why the percentage of just have to work. There are those who have overweight students in Britain has increased in invested such a big part of their lives in the last decade. Unfortunately, the government establishing a career that they cannot afford see cannot criticise parents, but it can remind them it lost. Then there are many who must work out of the nutritional value of milk, fruit and of pure economic necessity. Many mothers are vegetables. Small changes in their children's diet not cut out to be full-time parents. After a few can affect their future health. Children can easily months at home with a much loved infant，they develop bad eating habits at this age, and feel trapped and isolated.
parents are the only ones who can prevent it
There are a number of options when it comes to choosing childcare. These range from child
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Helen and Martin (A)
David devotes about four hours a day to
With a thoughtful sigh, Helen turned away the care of the ravens. He has grown to love them from the window and walked back to her favourite and the fact that he lives right next to them is ideal. armchair. Would her brother never arrive? For a "I can keep a close eye on them all the time, and brief moment, she wondered if she really cared not just when I'm working." At first, David's wife that much.
Mo was not keen on the idea of life in the Tower, Over the years Helen had given up waiting but she too will be sad to leave when he retires for Martin to take an interest in her. Her feelings next year. "When we look out of our windows, for him had gradually weakened until now, as she we see history all around us, and we are taking it in sat waiting for him, she experienced no more than and storing it up for our future memories."
a sister's. curiosity to see what had become of her A Lucky Break (C)
brother.
Actor Antonio Banderas is used to breaking Almost without warning, Martin had lost his bones, and it always seems to happen when he's job with a busy publishing company after doing sport. In the film Play it to the Bone he spending the last eight years in New York as a key plays the part of a middleweight boxer alongside figure in the US office. Somehow the two of them Woody Harrelson. During the making of the hadn't bothered to keep in touch and, left alone, film Harrelson kept complaining that the fight Helen had slowly found her confidence in her scenes weren't very convincing, so one day he own judgment growing. Ignoring the wishes of suggested that he and Banderas should have a her parents, she had left university halfway fight for real. The Spanish actor wasn't keen on through her course and now, to the astonishment the idea at first, but he was eventually persuaded of the whole family, she was gaining a by his co-star to put on his gloves and climb into fast-growing reputation in the pages of respected the boxing ring. However, when he realized how art magazines and was actually earning enough to seriously his opponent was taking it all, he began live on from her paintings.
to regret his decision to fight. And then in the third Of course, she took no pleasure in Martin's round, Harrelson hit Banderas so hard in the face sudden misfortune, but she couldn't help looking that he actually broke his nose. His wife, actress forward to her brother's arrival with quiet Melanie Griffith, was furious that he had been satisfaction at what she had achieved
playing "silly macho games". "She was right," A Life with Birds （C）
confesses Banderas, "and I was a fool to take For nearly 17 years David Cope has worked a risk like that in the middle of a movie."
as one of the Tower of London's Yeoman warders, He was reminded of the time he broke his better known to tourists as Beefeaters. David, 64, leg during a football match in his native Malaga. lives in a three-bedroomed flat right at the top of He had always dreamed of becoming a soccer star, the Byward Tower, one of the gatehouses." From of performing in front of a big crowd, but doctors our bedroom we have a marvellous view of Tower told him his playing days were probably over. Bridge and the Thames," says David.
"That's when I decided to take up acting; I saw The Tower of London is famous for its it as another way of performing, and achieving ravens, the large black birds which have lived recognition. What happened to me on that football there for over three centuries. David was pitch was, you might say, my first lucky break."
immediately fascinated by the birds and when he Global Warming (C)
was offered the post of Raven Master eight years Few people now question the reality of global ago he had no hesitation in accepting it. "The warming and its effects on the world's climate. birds have now become my life and I'm always Many scientists put the blame for recent natural aware of the fact that I am maintaining a disasters on the increase in the world's tradition. The legend says that if the ravens leave temperatures and are convinced that, more than the Tower, England will fall to enemies, and it's ever before, the Earth is at my job to make sure this doesn't happen!" risk from the forces of the wind,rain and sun. According to them,
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